行间生草对灵武长枣园区土壤特性与果实品质的影响

发布时间：2018-06-07 19:35

本文选题：灵武长枣 + 行间生草　；参考：《宁夏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本试验在灵武长枣园区进行行间生草试验,设置5个生草处理,分别为自然生草、紫花苜蓿、百脉根、黑麦草、白三叶草,以清耕为对照,通过测定灵武长枣营养生长指标、果实品质指标和园区小气候环境、土壤理化性状、养分、微生物及酶活性,探讨行间生草对灵武长枣生长、果实品质和园区土壤特性的影响,为灵武长枣高效、优质的培肥技术提供理论依据。结果表明:1.与清耕相比,不同生草处理对小气候环境的影响效果明显。生草处理夏季降空气温度和地表光照强度,白三叶草处理提高空气湿度与空气CO2浓度。2.不同生草处理后,土壤温度、湿度、容重下降,土壤的pH值基本保持不变,土壤总孔隙度、有机质含量增加。与清耕对比,紫花苜蓿处理土壤全氮、速效钾含量增加,白三叶草处理土壤有效磷含量增加。土壤真菌、放线菌数量增加,细菌数量减少。土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性都有相应提高。3.不同生草处理可促进枣树的树高、枣吊粗和叶面积的生长,提高坐果率,而对地径、枣吊长、叶绿素含量却起到了抑制作用。4.不同生草处理后,果实Vc含量均比清耕提高,而黄酮含量都有所下降。百脉根处理使果实的可溶性糖和有机酸含量均比清耕有所提高。5.不同生草草种植株养分含量均表现为全氮全钾全磷,并呈极显著性差异。白三叶草处理的鲜草产量最大,含水量最多。
[Abstract]:The experiment was conducted in Lingwu long jujube orchard. Five treatments were set up, which were natural grass, alfalfa, ryegrass, white clover. The nutritive growth index of Lingwu Zizyphus jujube was determined by measuring the nutrient growth index of Lingwu jujube. Fruit quality index and microclimate environment, soil physical and chemical properties, nutrient, microorganism and enzyme activity. The effects of interrow grass on the growth, fruit quality and soil characteristics of Lingwu Changzao were studied. High-quality fertilization technology provides theoretical basis. The result shows that 1: 1. The effect of different grass treatment on microclimate was obvious compared with that of clear tillage. The lower air temperature and surface light intensity in summer were decreased by raw grass treatment, and the air humidity and CO 2 concentration were increased by white clover treatment in summer. The soil temperature, humidity and bulk density decreased, the pH value of the soil remained unchanged, the total porosity and organic matter content of the soil increased after different grass treatments. Compared with pure tillage, the content of available potassium and available phosphorus in alfalfa and white clover were increased. Soil fungi, actinomycetes increased, bacteria decreased. The activities of catalase, urease and sucrase in soil were all increased. Different grass treatments could promote the growth of jujube tree, increase the fruit setting rate, but inhibit the diameter of the ground, the length of the jujube, and the chlorophyll content of the jujube. The VC content of fruit was higher than that of clear tillage treatment, but the flavonoids content was decreased. The content of soluble sugar and organic acid in the fruit was increased by 5. 5% compared with that of pure tillage. The nutrient contents of the plants of different grass species were all total nitrogen, total potassium and total phosphorus, and the difference was very significant. The fresh grass yield of white clover treatment was the largest and the water content was the highest.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S665.1

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