基于GIS的大通县林地立地类型划分及应用

发布时间：2018-07-04 06:50

  本文选题：大通县 + 立地类型划分　； 参考：《青海大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以青海省大通县为研究区,通过野外调查和资料收集,结合数量化理论Ⅰ确定影响大通县林地立地类型的主导因子。并利用GIS技术对研究区的林业用地进行立地类型的划分,生成立地类型图以及适宜树种配置图,为大通县绿化造林、植被恢复提供指导,以此来更好地发挥森林的生产潜力,改善大通县的生态环境。(1)土壤含水量作为影响植物生长的一个重要因素,因其不可控性,无法随时监测,而又因土壤含水量的变化主要是由地形因子的变化而间接引起的。基于此观点,运用数量化理论Ⅰ建立数学模型,来确定各地形因子对土壤水分的贡献大小,以及根据野外调查情况,选择把坡度、坡向、海拔3个地形因子确定为影响大通县林地立地类型划分的主导因子,并利用ArcGIS软件提取立地因子专题图。(2)通过将大通县的林业用地图、行政区划图、土壤图以及坡度、坡向、海拔专题图进行叠置分析,得到大通县林地立地类型管理单元图,再由其派生出大通县的林业用地立地类型图。由图可以得出大通县林地主要被分为2200-2600m阳坡平缓坡、2200-2600m阴坡陡坡、2600-3200m阴坡斜坡、3200-3600m阴坡平缓坡、3600m以上阳坡平缓坡、3600m以上阳坡斜坡等23种立地类型,其中3200-3600m阴坡斜坡这一立地类型面积最大,占大通县林业用地面积的11.643%,而2200-2600m阴坡陡坡类型面积最小,只占了0.006%。(3)根据研究区植被生长状况调查结果以及植被的生态学特性,以适地适树为原则,为各立地类型选择适宜的造林树种,乔木以青海云杉、祁连圆柏、白桦、山杨等为主,灌木以沙棘、金露梅、银露梅、山生柳、峨眉蔷薇等为主,进行树种配置,生成适宜树种配置图。(4)以土壤水分含量为先导,利用GIS对大通县林业用地进行适宜树种配置,方法是可行、可靠的,可在今后的林业生产中广为使用。
[Abstract]:This paper takes Datong County in Qinghai Province as the research area, through field investigation and data collection, combined with quantitative theory I to determine the dominant factors affecting forest site types in Datong County. Using GIS technology, the site types of forestry land in the study area are divided, and site type maps and suitable tree species configuration maps are generated, which can provide guidance for afforestation and vegetation restoration in Datong County, so as to bring the forest productive potential into full play. Improvement of ecological environment in Datong County. (1) soil water content as an important factor affecting plant growth, because of its uncontrollable, can not be monitored at any time, and the change of soil water content is mainly caused by the change of topographic factors. Based on this viewpoint, a mathematical model was established by using quantitative theory 鈪，

本文编号：2095194