马铃薯黑胫病病原菌的噬菌体分离、表征及防治研究
发布时间：2018-07-20 10:18
【摘要】：黑腐果胶杆菌(Pectobacterium atrosepticum,Pba)通过产生大量果胶酶来降解马铃薯组织细胞的细胞壁果胶成分,破坏细胞组织,造成马铃薯植株茎部变黑腐烂,块茎发生软腐。目前,针对由Pba导致的马铃薯黑胫病仍缺乏有效的防治办法。噬菌体是感染细菌、真菌、放线菌等微生物的病毒,其中烈性噬菌体导致宿主菌细胞裂解,可用于植物病害的防治。从土壤和水样中分离获得7株烈性噬菌体。噬菌体表征结果表明,噬菌斑直径1.5-2 mm,最佳感染复数0.000001-0.01。吸附时间6-30 min,潜伏时间15-40 min,裂解时间40-80 min。筛选出吸附、潜伏时间短,而裂解时间长的3株噬菌体P-Pba-1、P-Pba-2和P-Pba-7。电镜结果表明这3株噬菌体均为无尾噬菌体,头部直径30-80 nm。选择 P-Pba-1 作为单一制剂 G1,P-Pba-1、P-Pba-2、P-Pba-7 的混合物作为混合制剂G2,在田间网室进行马铃薯黑胫病防治试验,试验包括治疗组(先注射病原菌后喷洒噬菌体)和预防组(先喷洒噬菌体后注射病原菌)。治疗组结果表明,G1处理组的马铃薯植株存活率40-100%,其中处理组G1-A4治疗效果最好,植株存活率为100%;G2处理组的马铃薯植株存活率60-90%,其中处理组G2-A3治疗效果最好,植株存活率为90%。预防组结果表明,G1处理组的马铃薯植株存活率60-100%,其中处理组G1-B1和G1-B2预防效果最好,植株存活率为100%;G2处理组的马铃薯植株存活率80-100%,其中处理组G2-B1和G2-B2预防效果最好,植株存活率为100%。以上结果表明,噬菌体对马铃薯黑胫病有防治效果,可进一步开发噬菌体制剂,用于马铃薯黑胫病的防治。
[Abstract]:Pectobacterium atrosepticum PBA produces a large amount of Pectinase to degrade the cell wall pectin components of potato tissue cells, destroy the cell tissue, cause black rot in the stems of potato plants and soft rot in tubers. At present, there is still a lack of effective control methods for potato black shank caused by PBA. Bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and other microbes, among which strong bacteriophage causes cell lysis of host bacteria, which can be used to prevent and cure plant diseases. Seven strong bacteriophages were isolated from soil and water samples. Bacteriophage characterization showed that the diameter of plaque was 1.5-2 mm, and the optimum number of infection was 0.000001-0.01. The adsorption time is 6-30 min, the latent time is 15-40 min, and the pyrolysis time is 40-80 min. Three phage strains, P-Pba-1, P-Pba-2 and P-Pba-7, with short latent time and long cleavage time, were screened out. The results of electron microscope showed that the three strains were all tail-free bacteriophages with a head diameter of 30-80 nm. P-Pba-1 was selected as the mixture of P-Pba-1, P-Pba-2, P-Pba-7, as the mixture of G2, and the control experiment of potato black shank was carried out in the field net room. The test included treatment group (first inoculation of pathogen and then spraying bacteriophage) and prevention group (first spraying bacteriophage and then injecting pathogen). The results of treatment group showed that the survival rate of potato in treatment group was 40-100, among which the treatment group G1-A4 had the best therapeutic effect, the survival rate of treatment group was 60-90g and the survival rate of treatment group was 60-90g, and the treatment group G2-A3 was the best, and the survival rate of plant was 90g. The results of the prevention group showed that the survival rate of potato plants in the treatment group was 60-100, and that in the treatment group G1-B1 and G1-B2 was the best, the survival rate of the treated group was 80-100 in the treatment group of 100g _ 2, and the preventive effect of G2-B1 and G2-B2 in the treatment group was the best. The plant survival rate was 100%. The results showed that phage could control potato black shank disease and could be used to control potato black shank disease.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S435.32
本文编号：2133216
[Abstract]:Pectobacterium atrosepticum PBA produces a large amount of Pectinase to degrade the cell wall pectin components of potato tissue cells, destroy the cell tissue, cause black rot in the stems of potato plants and soft rot in tubers. At present, there is still a lack of effective control methods for potato black shank caused by PBA. Bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and other microbes, among which strong bacteriophage causes cell lysis of host bacteria, which can be used to prevent and cure plant diseases. Seven strong bacteriophages were isolated from soil and water samples. Bacteriophage characterization showed that the diameter of plaque was 1.5-2 mm, and the optimum number of infection was 0.000001-0.01. The adsorption time is 6-30 min, the latent time is 15-40 min, and the pyrolysis time is 40-80 min. Three phage strains, P-Pba-1, P-Pba-2 and P-Pba-7, with short latent time and long cleavage time, were screened out. The results of electron microscope showed that the three strains were all tail-free bacteriophages with a head diameter of 30-80 nm. P-Pba-1 was selected as the mixture of P-Pba-1, P-Pba-2, P-Pba-7, as the mixture of G2, and the control experiment of potato black shank was carried out in the field net room. The test included treatment group (first inoculation of pathogen and then spraying bacteriophage) and prevention group (first spraying bacteriophage and then injecting pathogen). The results of treatment group showed that the survival rate of potato in treatment group was 40-100, among which the treatment group G1-A4 had the best therapeutic effect, the survival rate of treatment group was 60-90g and the survival rate of treatment group was 60-90g, and the treatment group G2-A3 was the best, and the survival rate of plant was 90g. The results of the prevention group showed that the survival rate of potato plants in the treatment group was 60-100, and that in the treatment group G1-B1 and G1-B2 was the best, the survival rate of the treated group was 80-100 in the treatment group of 100g _ 2, and the preventive effect of G2-B1 and G2-B2 in the treatment group was the best. The plant survival rate was 100%. The results showed that phage could control potato black shank disease and could be used to control potato black shank disease.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S435.32
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 杨水云,郭春林,赵文明;理化因素对苏云金芽孢杆菌噬菌体活性影响的研究[J];陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版);1998年S1期
，本文编号：2133216
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