基于高精度数据库和3D模型的福建省土壤有机碳储量估算研究
发布时间：2018-07-20 21:45
【摘要】：精确估算土壤有机碳储量对农业管理措施的制定和全球碳循环的模拟具有重要意义。本研究选择亚热带地区地形地貌比较复杂的福建省为研究对象,以1982年第二次土壤普查各个县(市)土壤图和《土种志》中记录的土壤剖面所建立的1:5万尺度高精度土壤数据库,以及该地区1:25万数字高程模型(DEM)为基础,分析目前常用的2D模型(二维平面面积)和考虑地形因素的3D模型(三维表面面积)估算该地区土壤有机碳储量的差异,并用后者定量化前者的误差大小,结果可为我国土壤有机碳储量的准确估算提供理论依据。主要研究结果如下:(1)基于2D与3D模型两种方法估算的福建省土壤总面积分别为:12.08 × 10~4 km~2和 12.68 × 10~4 km~2;2D 模型估算的表层(0～20 cm)和剖面(0～100 cm)土壤有机碳密度分别为4.57 kg·m~2和11.55 kg·m~2,3D模型分别为4.59kg·m~(-2)和11.59kg·m~(-2),高于全国平均水平(2.97 kg.m~(-2)和9.13 kg.m~(-2));2D模型估算的表层和剖面土壤有机碳储量分别为552 Tg和1396 Tg,3D模型分别为582 Tg和1470 Tg,分别占全国表层和剖面土壤有机碳总储量(27.40 Pg和84.40 Pg)的2.01%和 1.66%、2.12%和 1.74%。(2)从不同土壤类型来看,基于2D与3D模型的估算结果中表层和剖面土壤均以山地草甸土有机碳密度最高,分别为7.75 kg·m~2和 29.07kg.m~(-2)、7.74kg.m~(-2)和 29.16kg.m~(-2);风砂土有机碳密度最低,分别为 0.94 kg·m~(-2) 和 2.17 kg·m~(-2)、0.94 kg·m~(-2) 和 2.17 kg·m~(-2)。从不同行政区来看,基于2D与3D模型的估算结果中龙岩市表层土壤有机碳密度最高,分别为5.44 kg·m~(-2)和5.45 kg·m~(-2),南平市剖面土壤有机碳密度最高,分别为15.05 kg·m~2和15.09 kg·m~(-2);厦门市表层和剖面土壤有机碳密度均最低,分别为3.03 kg·m~(-2)和7.84kg·m~(-2)、3.05 kg.m~(-2)和7.86 kg·m~(-2)。从不同地貌类型来看,基于2D与3D模型的估算结果中均以山地表层和剖面土壤有机碳密度最高,分别为5.28 kg.m~(-2)和 12.85kg·m~(-2)、5.29kg·m~(-2) 和 12.89kg·m~(-2);平原表层和剖面土壤有机碳密度最低,分别为 2.87kg·m~(-2)和 8.21kg·m~(-2)、2.87kg·m~(-2)和 8.21 kg·m~(-2)。(3)从总体空间分布来看,福建省表层和剖面土壤有机碳密度空间分布趋势均为沿海地区低,内陆地区高,特别是北部、东北部和西部地区较高。表层土壤有机碳密度主要集中在2.5～5 kg·m~(-2)范围内,分布面积占全省土壤总面积的45.27%;剖面土壤有机碳密度主要在5～15 kg.m~(-2)范围内,分布面积占全省土壤总面积的60.35%。此外,表层和剖面土壤有机碳密度总体随海拔上升而增加,但在坡度40°以下,有机碳密度随坡度上升而缓慢下降,坡度40°以上,有机碳密度先上升后下降。(4)以目前常用的2D模型估算结果为基准,基于考虑地形因素的3D模型所估算表层和剖面土壤平均有机碳密度相对偏差分别为0.34%和0.31%,有机碳总储量相对偏差分别为5.30%和5.26%。从不同土壤类型来看,山地草甸土土类和黄壤性土亚类的表层和剖面土壤有机碳储量相对偏差最大,分别达到8.84%和9.27%、9.59%和9.69%;滨海盐土土类和咸酸水稻土亚类的表层和剖面土壤有机碳储量相对偏差最小,仅为0.14%和0.14%。从不同行政区来看,南平市和宁德市表层和剖面土壤有机碳储量相对偏差最大,分别为5.95%和5.90%、5.94%和5.92%;厦门市表层和剖面土壤机碳储量相对偏差最小,分别为3.24%和2.82%。从不同地貌类型来看,山地的表层和剖面土壤有机碳储量相对偏差最大,达到6.54%和6.65%;平原的表层和剖面土壤有机碳储量相对偏差最小,分别为1.58%和1.49%。从不同坡度级别来看,当坡度大于20°时,土壤分布面积和有机碳储量的差异比较显著,相对偏差均大于10%,此时,采用2D模型的估算结果会远远低于3D模型,产生较大误差。
[Abstract]:The accurate estimation of soil organic carbon reserves is of great significance to the formulation of agricultural management measures and the simulation of global carbon cycle. This study selected the Fujian Province, which was complex in topographic and geomorphology in the subtropical region, as the research object, with the soil map of each county (city) in the second Soil Census in 1982 and the 1:5 of the soil profile recorded in the soil ethnography. The high precision soil database and the 1:25 million digital elevation model (DEM) in this area are based on the analysis of the current 2D model (two-dimensional surface area) and the 3D model considering terrain factors (3D surface area) to estimate the difference of soil organic carbon reserves in this area, and use the latter to quantify the error size of the former, and the results can be used as our country. The theoretical basis for accurate estimation of soil organic carbon reserves is provided. The main results are as follows: (1) the total soil area of Fujian Province Based on two methods based on 2D and 3D models is 12.08 * 10~4 km~2 and 12.68 x 10~4 km~2 respectively; the soil organic carbon density of the surface (0~20 cm) and the section (0~100 cm) of the 2D model is 4.57 kg. M~2, respectively. The 11.55 kg / m~2,3D models are 4.59kg / m~ (-2) and 11.59kg m~ (-2), which are higher than the national average (2.97 kg.m~ (-2) and 9.13 kg.m~ (-2)), and the soil organic carbon reserves of the surface and section soils are 552 and 1396 respectively. The models are 582 and 1470 respectively, respectively, which account for the total soil organic carbon reserves in the surface and section of the country (27.40) respectively. And 84.40 Pg) 2.01% and 1.66%, 2.12%, and 1.74%. (2) from different soil types, based on the 2D and 3D models, the soil organic carbon density is the highest in the surface and section soil, which are 7.75 kg. M~2 and 29.07kg.m~ (-2), 7.74kg.m~ (-2) and 29.16kg.m~ (-2), and the lowest density of the organic carbon in the aeolian sandy soil, 0.94 respectively. M~ (-2) and 2.17 kg. M~ (-2), 0.94 kg. M~ (-2) and 2.17 kg m~ (-2). From the different administrative regions, the soil organic carbon density in the surface soil of Longyan is the highest in the estimated results based on the 2D and the model. The soil organic carbon density in the Nanping section is the highest, which is 15.05 and 15.09. The soil organic carbon density in the surface and section of the market was the lowest, which were 3.03 kg. M~ (-2) and 7.84kg. M~ (-2), 3.05 kg.m~ (-2) and 7.86 kg m~ (-2). ~ (-2) and 12.89kg m~ (-2); the soil organic carbon density in the surface and section of the plain is the lowest, 2.87kg. M~ (-2) and 8.21kg. M~ (-2), 2.87kg m~ and 8.21. (3) from the overall spatial distribution, the spatial distribution trend of soil organic carbon density in the surface and section of Fujian province is low in the coastal area, high in the inland area, especially in the north. The density of soil organic carbon in the surface soil is mainly concentrated in the range of 2.5 ~ 5 kg. M~ (-2), which accounts for 45.27% of the total soil area in the province. The density of soil organic carbon in the profile is mainly in the range of 5~15 kg.m~ (-2), and the distribution area is 60.35%. of the total soil area of the whole province, and the soil organic carbon density in the surface and section soil. The total increased with the elevation, but below 40 degrees, the density of organic carbon decreased slowly with the gradient, and the slope was above 40 degrees. The density of organic carbon first increased and then declined. (4) the estimated results of the current 2D model were based on the current commonly used model, and the average organic carbon density of the surface and section soil based on the 3D model considering topographic factors was relatively biased. The difference is 0.34% and 0.31% respectively. The relative deviation of the total organic carbon reserves is 5.30% and 5.26%., respectively, from the different soil types. The relative deviation of the soil organic carbon reserves in the soil and yellow soil subclasses of the mountain meadow and the yellow soil subclass is the largest, reaching 8.84% and 9.27%, 9.59% and 9.69%, respectively, and the surface layer of the coastal saline soil and the saline acid paddy soil subclass. The relative deviation of soil organic carbon reserves is the smallest, only 0.14% and 0.14%. from different administrative areas, the relative deviation of the soil organic carbon reserves in the surface and section of Nanping and Ningde is the largest, 5.95% and 5.90%, 5.94% and 5.92%, respectively, and the relative deviation of the carbon reserves in the surface and section of Xiamen is the lowest, 3.24% and 2.82%., respectively. In the same geomorphic type, the relative deviation of the soil organic carbon reserves in the surface and section of the mountain area is the largest, reaching 6.54% and 6.65%. The relative deviation of the soil organic carbon reserves in the surface and section of the plain is the smallest. The difference between the soil distribution area and the organic carbon reserves is more obvious when the gradient is more than 20 degrees, respectively, 1.58% and 1.49%.. The relative deviation is greater than 10%. At this time, the estimation result of 2D model is much lower than that of 3D model, which leads to large errors.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S153.6
本文编号：2134886
[Abstract]:The accurate estimation of soil organic carbon reserves is of great significance to the formulation of agricultural management measures and the simulation of global carbon cycle. This study selected the Fujian Province, which was complex in topographic and geomorphology in the subtropical region, as the research object, with the soil map of each county (city) in the second Soil Census in 1982 and the 1:5 of the soil profile recorded in the soil ethnography. The high precision soil database and the 1:25 million digital elevation model (DEM) in this area are based on the analysis of the current 2D model (two-dimensional surface area) and the 3D model considering terrain factors (3D surface area) to estimate the difference of soil organic carbon reserves in this area, and use the latter to quantify the error size of the former, and the results can be used as our country. The theoretical basis for accurate estimation of soil organic carbon reserves is provided. The main results are as follows: (1) the total soil area of Fujian Province Based on two methods based on 2D and 3D models is 12.08 * 10~4 km~2 and 12.68 x 10~4 km~2 respectively; the soil organic carbon density of the surface (0~20 cm) and the section (0~100 cm) of the 2D model is 4.57 kg. M~2, respectively. The 11.55 kg / m~2,3D models are 4.59kg / m~ (-2) and 11.59kg m~ (-2), which are higher than the national average (2.97 kg.m~ (-2) and 9.13 kg.m~ (-2)), and the soil organic carbon reserves of the surface and section soils are 552 and 1396 respectively. The models are 582 and 1470 respectively, respectively, which account for the total soil organic carbon reserves in the surface and section of the country (27.40) respectively. And 84.40 Pg) 2.01% and 1.66%, 2.12%, and 1.74%. (2) from different soil types, based on the 2D and 3D models, the soil organic carbon density is the highest in the surface and section soil, which are 7.75 kg. M~2 and 29.07kg.m~ (-2), 7.74kg.m~ (-2) and 29.16kg.m~ (-2), and the lowest density of the organic carbon in the aeolian sandy soil, 0.94 respectively. M~ (-2) and 2.17 kg. M~ (-2), 0.94 kg. M~ (-2) and 2.17 kg m~ (-2). From the different administrative regions, the soil organic carbon density in the surface soil of Longyan is the highest in the estimated results based on the 2D and the model. The soil organic carbon density in the Nanping section is the highest, which is 15.05 and 15.09. The soil organic carbon density in the surface and section of the market was the lowest, which were 3.03 kg. M~ (-2) and 7.84kg. M~ (-2), 3.05 kg.m~ (-2) and 7.86 kg m~ (-2). ~ (-2) and 12.89kg m~ (-2); the soil organic carbon density in the surface and section of the plain is the lowest, 2.87kg. M~ (-2) and 8.21kg. M~ (-2), 2.87kg m~ and 8.21. (3) from the overall spatial distribution, the spatial distribution trend of soil organic carbon density in the surface and section of Fujian province is low in the coastal area, high in the inland area, especially in the north. The density of soil organic carbon in the surface soil is mainly concentrated in the range of 2.5 ~ 5 kg. M~ (-2), which accounts for 45.27% of the total soil area in the province. The density of soil organic carbon in the profile is mainly in the range of 5~15 kg.m~ (-2), and the distribution area is 60.35%. of the total soil area of the whole province, and the soil organic carbon density in the surface and section soil. The total increased with the elevation, but below 40 degrees, the density of organic carbon decreased slowly with the gradient, and the slope was above 40 degrees. The density of organic carbon first increased and then declined. (4) the estimated results of the current 2D model were based on the current commonly used model, and the average organic carbon density of the surface and section soil based on the 3D model considering topographic factors was relatively biased. The difference is 0.34% and 0.31% respectively. The relative deviation of the total organic carbon reserves is 5.30% and 5.26%., respectively, from the different soil types. The relative deviation of the soil organic carbon reserves in the soil and yellow soil subclasses of the mountain meadow and the yellow soil subclass is the largest, reaching 8.84% and 9.27%, 9.59% and 9.69%, respectively, and the surface layer of the coastal saline soil and the saline acid paddy soil subclass. The relative deviation of soil organic carbon reserves is the smallest, only 0.14% and 0.14%. from different administrative areas, the relative deviation of the soil organic carbon reserves in the surface and section of Nanping and Ningde is the largest, 5.95% and 5.90%, 5.94% and 5.92%, respectively, and the relative deviation of the carbon reserves in the surface and section of Xiamen is the lowest, 3.24% and 2.82%., respectively. In the same geomorphic type, the relative deviation of the soil organic carbon reserves in the surface and section of the mountain area is the largest, reaching 6.54% and 6.65%. The relative deviation of the soil organic carbon reserves in the surface and section of the plain is the smallest. The difference between the soil distribution area and the organic carbon reserves is more obvious when the gradient is more than 20 degrees, respectively, 1.58% and 1.49%.. The relative deviation is greater than 10%. At this time, the estimation result of 2D model is much lower than that of 3D model, which leads to large errors.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S153.6
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