湖南省醴陵市森林生态质量评价
发布时间：2018-07-23 08:47
【摘要】：醴陵市素有“中国油茶之乡”、“中国陶瓷历史文化名城”、“中国花炮之都”等美称,是湖南的东大门,历史悠久、资源丰富、名胜古迹甚多。开展醴陵市森林生态质量评价,有利于准确把握醴陵市森林生态质量现状、保护醴陵市生态环境,也有利于林业部门制定科学合理的森林资源经营管理措施、有效应对现有资源环境的变化,为醴陵市社会经济环境的可持续发展贡献力量。本研究以湖南省醴陵市为研究对象,结合2014年醴陵市森林资源二类小班调查数据及前人的相关研究成果,利用Arcgis、Fragstats、Matlab等软件,从森林健康、森林生态服务功能及森林景观稳定性三个方面对醴陵市森林进行分析,对醴陵市森林生态质量进行评价,得到的结论如下:(1)根据系统性、可操作性等原则,本研究选定森林健康、森林生态服务功能及森林景观稳定性3个准则层,功能稳定性、系统活力性、涵养水源、保育土壤、地形敏感度、景观适应度等11个一级指标,交通区位、起源、森林灾害等级、年调节水量价值、年净化水质价值、年固土价值、海拔、景观类型破碎度指数、优势度指数等30个二级指标,构建醴陵市森林生态质量评价体系;采用主成分分析法确定各部分的权重,得到:森林生态服务功能森林景观稳定性森林健康。(2)森林健康指标分析:醴陵市各健康等级乔木林地面积按大小顺序排列依次为:健康(Ⅳ级)较不健康(Ⅱ级)一般健康(Ⅲ级)不健康(Ⅰ级)非常健康(V级),各地区乔木健康度按大小顺序排列依次为:东乡南乡西乡城区北乡;各健康等级灌木林地面积按大小顺序排列依次为:不健康(Ⅰ级)健康(Ⅳ级)较不健康(Ⅱ级)一般健康(Ⅲ级)非常健康(V级),各地区灌木健康度按大小顺序排列依次为:西乡城区南乡东乡北乡。(3)森林生态服务功能价值指标分析:醴陵市各指标森林生态服务功能中价值按大小顺序排列依次为:森林涵养水源价值森林保护生物多样性价值森林固碳释氧价值森林净化大气环境价值森林森林保育土壤价值森林积累营养物质价值;各地区森林生态服务功能总价值按大小顺序排列依次为:北乡南乡西乡东乡城区;不同林分类型单位面积森林生态服务功能价值按大小顺序排列依次为:阔叶林灌木林三杉林国外松林马尾松林杉木林柏树林竹林经济林;各林分类型森林生态功能服务总价值按大小顺序排列依次为:经济林阔叶林杉木林马尾松林国外松林竹林灌木林三杉林柏树林;不同森林生态服务功能等级的森林面积按大小顺序排列依次为:服务价值价较高(Ⅲ级)服务价值低(Ⅰ级)服务价值高(Ⅳ级)服务价值一般(Ⅱ级)。(4)森林景观稳定性指标分析:醴陵市各景观稳定性等级乔木林面积按大小顺序排列依次为:一般稳定(Ⅲ级)较不稳定(Ⅱ级)稳定(Ⅳ级)不稳定(Ⅰ级)非常稳定(V级),各地区乔木景观稳定性按大小顺序排列依次为:西乡南乡北乡城区东乡;各景观稳定性等级灌木林面积按大小顺序排列依次为:一般稳定(Ⅲ级)较不稳定(Ⅱ级)稳定(Ⅳ级)不稳定(Ⅰ级)非常稳定(V级),各地区乔木景观稳定性按大小顺序排列依次为.:西乡南乡城区东乡北乡。(5)醴陵市森林生态质量总体上来说较好,各等级森林生态质量的斑块数量按多少顺序排列依次为:好(Ⅳ级)一般(Ⅱ级)良好(Ⅲ级)极好(Ⅴ级)差(Ⅰ级),处于好(Ⅳ级)等级的森林斑块最多,接近总数的三分之一;处于一般(Ⅱ级)、良好(Ⅲ级)两个等级的森林斑块数量接近总数的一半;处于极好(Ⅴ级)等级的森林斑块超过总数的六分之一;处于差(Ⅰ级)等级的森林斑块不足百分之五。(6)不同树种组森林生态质量分析:杉木各生态质量状况等级面积按大小顺序排列依次为:一般(Ⅱ级)良好(Ⅲ级)差(Ⅰ级)好(Ⅳ级)极好(V级);马尾松各生态质量状况等级面积按大小顺序排列依次为:良好(Ⅲ级)一般(Ⅱ级)好(Ⅳ级)差(Ⅰ级)极好(V级);阔叶树各生态质量状况等级面积按大小顺序排列依次为:良好(Ⅲ级)好(Ⅳ级)极好(Ⅴ级)一般(Ⅱ级)差(Ⅰ级);国外松各生态质量状况等级面积按大小顺序排列依次为:一般(Ⅱ级)良好(Ⅲ级)好(Ⅳ级)差(Ⅰ级)极好(Ⅴ级);竹木各生态质量状况等级面积按大小顺序排列依次为:一般(Ⅱ级)良好(Ⅲ级)好(Ⅳ级)差(Ⅰ级)极好(V级);灌木各生态质量状况等级面积按大小顺序排列依次为:一般(Ⅱ级)良好(Ⅲ级)差(Ⅰ级)好(Ⅳ级)极好(Ⅴ级)。
[Abstract]:Liling City, known as "the hometown of Chinese oil tea", "China's famous historical and cultural city of ceramics", "the capital of Chinese fireworks", is the east gate of Hunan, has a long history, rich resources and many famous historic sites. To carry out the evaluation of the ecological quality of the forest ecological quality in Liling is conducive to the accurate grasp of the status quo of the ecological quality of the forest in Liling and the protection of the ecological ring of the Liling city. The forestry department also helps the forestry department to formulate scientific and reasonable management measures of forest resources, effectively cope with the change of the existing resources and environment, and contribute to the sustainable development of the social and economic environment in Liling. This study takes Liling city of Hunan Province as the research object, and combines the data of the two classes of small classes of forest resources in Liling in 2014 and the predecessors. Related research results, using Arcgis, Fragstats, Matlab and other software, from three aspects of forest health, forest ecological service function and forest landscape stability analysis of Liling forest, Liling forest ecological quality evaluation, the following conclusions are as follows: (1) according to the principle of systematic, operability and other principles, this study selected forest health, Forest ecological service function and forest landscape stability 3 criteria layer, functional stability, system vitality, water conservation, soil conservation, terrain sensitivity, landscape adaptability, and other 11 first grade indicators, traffic location, origin, forest disaster grade, annual water value, annual water quality, annual soil value, altitude, landscape type fragmentation degree Index, dominance index and other 30 two level indicators to construct Liling forest ecological quality evaluation system; using principal component analysis method to determine the weight of each part, the forest ecological service function forest landscape stability forest health. (2) forest health index analysis: Liling city health grade arbor woodland area according to the size order arrangement according to the size The following is: Health (grade IV) is less healthy (class II) general health (grade III) unhealthy (grade I) very healthy (grade V). The health degree of trees in each region is ordered in order of size: North Township of Xixiang city of Nanxiang, Dongxiang, and the order of each health grade shrub land in order of size: unhealthy (grade I) health (grade IV) is less healthy (grade II). General health (grade III) is very healthy (grade V). The order of shrub health in each area is in order of order of size: Dongxiang North Township of Nanxiang, Xixiang city. (3) analysis of the value index of forest ecological service function: the order of value of forest ecological service function of each index in Liling is in order of forest conservation water value forest conservation biology The value of forest to purify the atmospheric environment value forest, the value of forest conservation in forest forest to accumulate the value of soil value forest, the total value of forest ecological service function in each region is in order of order: the Dongxiang city of Xixiang in Nanxiang, North Township; the value of forest ecological service function of different types of forest types is big. The order of the small sequence is: the broad leaved forest shrub forest and the foreign pine forest of pine forest and Chinese fir forest economic forest. The total value of the forest ecological function service of the forest types is in order of the economic forest, the Chinese fir pine forest in the economic forest, the pine forest of the pine forest and the three fir woods in the pine forest, and the different forest ecological services. The forest area of functional grade is arranged in sequence in order of size: high service value (grade III) service value is low (grade I) with high service value (grade I) and service value (grade IV) is generally (grade II). (4) analysis of forest landscape stability index: the order of tree forest area in Liling's landscape stability rank order in order of general stability (grade III). Unstable (grade I) stable (grade I) instability (grade I) is very stable (grade V), and the landscape stability of the trees in each region is arranged in order of size: Dongxiang in the northern town of Nanxiang, Xixiang, and the order of the shrub area of each landscape stability grade in order of order of stability (grade III) is more unstable (grade II) stable (grade I) instability (grade I) ) very stable (V grade). The landscape stability of the trees in each region was arranged in order of order in order of size. (5) the forest ecological quality of Liling city was better in general. The order of the number of forest ecological quality plaques in each rank was in order as follows: (grade IV) in general (grade II), good (grade III) was excellent (grade V). (I) A good (grade IV) grade of forest patches is the most, close to 1/3 of the total; in general (class II), the number of forest patches in two grades of good (grade III) is close to half of the total; the forest patches in excellent grade (grade V) rank more than 1/6 of the total; the forest patches in the grade I grade are less than five percent. (6) The analysis of forest ecological quality of different tree species group: the grade area of the ecological quality of Chinese fir was arranged in order of order: the good (class I grade) poor (grade I) was good (grade IV) excellent (grade V), and the grade area of the ecological quality of Masson Pine was in sequence in order of good (grade III) general (grade II) good (grade I) difference (grade I). Good (grade V); the grade area of the ecological quality of broad-leaved trees in order of order: good (grade III) good (grade IV) excellent (grade IV) general (grade I) difference (grade I); the grade area of the ecological quality of foreign pine is arranged in order of size in order: good (grade III) good (grade IV) poor (grade I) is excellent (grade V); bamboo and wood are born in order. The grade area of state quality is arranged in sequence in order of size: good (grade II) good (grade III) good (grade IV) poor (grade I) is excellent (grade V); the rank area of the ecological quality of shrubs is arranged in sequence in order of size: good (grade I grade) good (grade I) is good (grade IV) excellent (grade V).
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S718.5
，
本文编号：2138856
[Abstract]:Liling City, known as "the hometown of Chinese oil tea", "China's famous historical and cultural city of ceramics", "the capital of Chinese fireworks", is the east gate of Hunan, has a long history, rich resources and many famous historic sites. To carry out the evaluation of the ecological quality of the forest ecological quality in Liling is conducive to the accurate grasp of the status quo of the ecological quality of the forest in Liling and the protection of the ecological ring of the Liling city. The forestry department also helps the forestry department to formulate scientific and reasonable management measures of forest resources, effectively cope with the change of the existing resources and environment, and contribute to the sustainable development of the social and economic environment in Liling. This study takes Liling city of Hunan Province as the research object, and combines the data of the two classes of small classes of forest resources in Liling in 2014 and the predecessors. Related research results, using Arcgis, Fragstats, Matlab and other software, from three aspects of forest health, forest ecological service function and forest landscape stability analysis of Liling forest, Liling forest ecological quality evaluation, the following conclusions are as follows: (1) according to the principle of systematic, operability and other principles, this study selected forest health, Forest ecological service function and forest landscape stability 3 criteria layer, functional stability, system vitality, water conservation, soil conservation, terrain sensitivity, landscape adaptability, and other 11 first grade indicators, traffic location, origin, forest disaster grade, annual water value, annual water quality, annual soil value, altitude, landscape type fragmentation degree Index, dominance index and other 30 two level indicators to construct Liling forest ecological quality evaluation system; using principal component analysis method to determine the weight of each part, the forest ecological service function forest landscape stability forest health. (2) forest health index analysis: Liling city health grade arbor woodland area according to the size order arrangement according to the size The following is: Health (grade IV) is less healthy (class II) general health (grade III) unhealthy (grade I) very healthy (grade V). The health degree of trees in each region is ordered in order of size: North Township of Xixiang city of Nanxiang, Dongxiang, and the order of each health grade shrub land in order of size: unhealthy (grade I) health (grade IV) is less healthy (grade II). General health (grade III) is very healthy (grade V). The order of shrub health in each area is in order of order of size: Dongxiang North Township of Nanxiang, Xixiang city. (3) analysis of the value index of forest ecological service function: the order of value of forest ecological service function of each index in Liling is in order of forest conservation water value forest conservation biology The value of forest to purify the atmospheric environment value forest, the value of forest conservation in forest forest to accumulate the value of soil value forest, the total value of forest ecological service function in each region is in order of order: the Dongxiang city of Xixiang in Nanxiang, North Township; the value of forest ecological service function of different types of forest types is big. The order of the small sequence is: the broad leaved forest shrub forest and the foreign pine forest of pine forest and Chinese fir forest economic forest. The total value of the forest ecological function service of the forest types is in order of the economic forest, the Chinese fir pine forest in the economic forest, the pine forest of the pine forest and the three fir woods in the pine forest, and the different forest ecological services. The forest area of functional grade is arranged in sequence in order of size: high service value (grade III) service value is low (grade I) with high service value (grade I) and service value (grade IV) is generally (grade II). (4) analysis of forest landscape stability index: the order of tree forest area in Liling's landscape stability rank order in order of general stability (grade III). Unstable (grade I) stable (grade I) instability (grade I) is very stable (grade V), and the landscape stability of the trees in each region is arranged in order of size: Dongxiang in the northern town of Nanxiang, Xixiang, and the order of the shrub area of each landscape stability grade in order of order of stability (grade III) is more unstable (grade II) stable (grade I) instability (grade I) ) very stable (V grade). The landscape stability of the trees in each region was arranged in order of order in order of size. (5) the forest ecological quality of Liling city was better in general. The order of the number of forest ecological quality plaques in each rank was in order as follows: (grade IV) in general (grade II), good (grade III) was excellent (grade V). (I) A good (grade IV) grade of forest patches is the most, close to 1/3 of the total; in general (class II), the number of forest patches in two grades of good (grade III) is close to half of the total; the forest patches in excellent grade (grade V) rank more than 1/6 of the total; the forest patches in the grade I grade are less than five percent. (6) The analysis of forest ecological quality of different tree species group: the grade area of the ecological quality of Chinese fir was arranged in order of order: the good (class I grade) poor (grade I) was good (grade IV) excellent (grade V), and the grade area of the ecological quality of Masson Pine was in sequence in order of good (grade III) general (grade II) good (grade I) difference (grade I). Good (grade V); the grade area of the ecological quality of broad-leaved trees in order of order: good (grade III) good (grade IV) excellent (grade IV) general (grade I) difference (grade I); the grade area of the ecological quality of foreign pine is arranged in order of size in order: good (grade III) good (grade IV) poor (grade I) is excellent (grade V); bamboo and wood are born in order. The grade area of state quality is arranged in sequence in order of size: good (grade II) good (grade III) good (grade IV) poor (grade I) is excellent (grade V); the rank area of the ecological quality of shrubs is arranged in sequence in order of size: good (grade I grade) good (grade I) is good (grade IV) excellent (grade V).
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S718.5
，
本文编号：2138856
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