发酵酒糟对家禽的影响研究

发布时间：2018-07-26 07:48

【摘要】：发酵酒糟是用特定的微生物接种酒糟资源,借助微生物在无氧或有氧条件下的生命活动来分解有机物获得的酵解产物。为研究其对家禽的影响,本课题从肉鸡与蛋鸡两个方面进行了如下研究。研究了发酵酒糟对肉鸡的营养价值评定,试验选用64只体重相近、健康的25日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分为4个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复4只鸡,采用套算法测定肉仔鸡对发酵酒糟中粗蛋白利用率和表观代谢能。一组饲喂基础日粮为对照组,二组饲喂在基础日粮的基础上添加20%低纤维发酵酒糟的日粮,三组饲喂在基础日粮的基础上添加20%高纤维发酵酒糟的日粮,四组为禁食组以测定Qg源损失。预试期3 d,正式试验期4 d。结果表明:高、低纤维发酵酒糟的蛋白含量分别为16.82%和25.88%,均明显优于玉米,且低纤维发酵酒糟的表观代谢能为11.9 MJ/kg,与玉米相近。肉仔鸡对高、低纤维发酵酒糟的粗蛋白质利用率分别为39.58%和46.91%。可见,发酵酒糟对肉仔鸡有较高的营养价值,并且低纤维发酵酒糟的营养价值相对更高一点,可以替代部分蛋白饲料原料。研究了日粮中添加发酵酒糟对肉鸡的影响,选取健康状况良好,体重相近的1日龄AA肉仔鸡440只,随机分为A、B、C、D、E 5个组,每组8个重复,每个重复11只鸡,A组为对照组饲喂基础日粮,B组饲喂添加2.5%低纤维发酵酒糟的试验饲粮,C组饲喂添加5%低纤维发酵酒糟的试验饲粮,D组饲喂添加2.5%高纤维发酵酒糟的试验饲粮,E组饲喂添加5%高纤维发酵酒糟的试验饲粮,试验期共35天。结果表明:日粮添加发酵酒糟提高了肉鸡出栏重、平均体增重、平均采食量、料重比。日粮添加发酵酒糟提高了肉鸡血清尿酸和葡萄糖含量,降低血清总胆固醇含量;提高了肉鸡空肠乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌含量,其中5%低纤维发酵酒糟添加组效果最为显著。研究了日粮中添加发酵酒糟对蛋鸡的影响,选用相同周龄、体型基本一致、产蛋率为78%的产蛋后期海兰褐蛋鸡600只,随机分为5个处理,每个处理10个重复,每个重复12只鸡。处理1为对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理2、处理3、处理4、处理5分别饲喂在基础日粮基础上添加2%、4%、6%、8%发酵酒糟的试验日粮,试验期共8周。结果发现:日粮添加发酵酒糟一定程度上降低了海兰褐蛋鸡的料蛋比,提高了产蛋率,降低了平均蛋重,提高了总产蛋重,降低了不合格蛋率;一定程度改变海兰褐蛋鸡所产蛋的蛋黄颜色,降低了蛋白高度,改变蛋黄蛋白比重,提高了蛋壳厚度,改善蛋壳颜色,降低蛋黄胆固醇含量,提升了蛋清抗氧化能力;降低血清中尿酸含量;减少蛋鸡空肠乳酸菌、沙门氏菌、致病大肠杆菌的数量,提升了空肠内容物的乙酸含量。综合来看,2%剂量应为最适发酵酒糟添加量。研究了日粮及饮水中添加发酵酒糟对蛋鸡的影响,选用相同周龄、体型基本一致、产蛋率为77%的产蛋后期海兰褐蛋鸡48只,随机分为2个处理,每个处理2个重复,每个重复12只鸡。0%组为对照组饲喂基础日粮,4%剂量组饲喂在基础日粮基础上添加4%发酵酒糟的试验日粮,两组饮水处理均为100公斤水加A、B发酵酒糟液体各1升,试验期4个周。结果发现:日粮及饮水中添加发酵酒糟可改善蛋品质,降低产蛋率但提高总产蛋重。本研究表明,发酵酒糟营养成分含量较高;肉鸡对发酵酒糟的表观代谢能和粗蛋白利用率较高。日粮中添加发酵酒糟提高了肉鸡的生产性能与经济效益,提高了血液中营养代谢水平,改善肠道菌群结构。日粮中添加发酵酒糟提高了蛋鸡的产蛋率并降低了料蛋比,改善了鸡蛋品质,降低不合格蛋率,并改善了肠道微生态环境,提高免疫力。日粮及饮水中同时添加发酵酒糟对蛋鸡也有一定效果。
[Abstract]:Fermented distiller's distiller's distiller's grains are inoculated with specific microbes to inoculate distiller's grains resources and decompose organic products by microorganisms in anaerobic or aerobic conditions. In order to study their effects on poultry, the subject has been studied from two aspects of Broilers and laying hens. The evaluation of the nutritional value of fermented distiller's grains to broilers was studied. 64 AA broilers with similar weight and healthy 25 day age were randomly divided into 4 treatments, each of which was treated with 4 repetitions, each repeated 4 chickens. A set algorithm was used to determine the utilization rate of crude protein and apparent metabolic energy in the fermented distiller's distiller's distiller's distiller's grains by a set algorithm. A group of basal diets was fed as the control group, and the two groups were fed 20% low fiber on the basis of basal diet. On the diet of fermented distiller's grains, the three groups were fed with 20% high fiber fermented distillers' grains on the basis of basal diet, and the four groups were fasting groups to determine the loss of Qg source. The pre trial period was 3 D and the formal test period 4 d. showed that the protein content of the low fiber fermented distiller's grains was 16.82% and 25.88% respectively, which were obviously superior to those of the corn, and the low fiber fermented distiller's grains were all obvious. The apparent metabolic energy is 11.9 MJ/kg, similar to that of corn. The utilization rate of crude protein of broiler to high and low fiber fermented distiller's grains is 39.58% and 46.91%., respectively. The fermented distiller's grains have higher nutritional value to broilers, and the nutritional value of low fiber fermented distiller's distiller's grains is a little higher, which can be used as a substitute for some protein feed materials. The effect of fermented distiller's grains on broilers was added to the diet, and 440 AA broilers, 1 days old, were randomly divided into 5 groups, A, B, C, D, E. Each group had 8 repetitions, each repeated 11 chickens, the A group was fed as the basal diet, the B group fed the 2.5% low fiber fermented distiller's grains, and the C group fed 5% low fiber. The experimental diet of fermented distiller's grains, D group was fed with 2.5% high fiber fermented distiller's grains, and the experimental diet supplemented with 5% high fiber fermented distiller's grains was fed in group E for 35 days. The results showed that the diet added fermented distiller's grains increased the weight of the broilers, the average weight gain, the average feed intake and the ratio of feed to weight. The diet added the fermented distiller's grains to improve the meat. The content of serum uric acid and glucose decreased the content of total cholesterol in serum, increased the content of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in broiler jejunum, and the effect of adding 5% low fiber fermented distiller's grains was the most significant. The effects of the fermented distiller's grains on the laying hens were studied. 600 Brown laying hens were randomly divided into 5 treatments, each treated with 10 repetitions, each repeated 12 chickens. Treatment 1 was fed to the control group for basal diet, treatment 2, treatment 3, treatment 4, and 5 to add 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% fermented distillers' grains on the basis of basal diet, for a total of 10 weeks. The results were as follows: diet added fermented distiller's grains. To a certain extent, the ratio of egg to egg was reduced, the egg production rate, the average egg weight, the total egg weight, the egg yolk, the egg yolk color, the protein height, the egg yolk thickness, the color of the eggshell and the yolk were reduced to a certain extent. Cholesterol content increased the antioxidant capacity of egg white, reduced the content of uric acid in serum, reduced the number of lactic acid bacteria, Salmonella, and pathogenic Escherichia coli in laying hens, and increased the content of acetic acid in the jejunum. The 2% dose should be the optimum addition of fermented distiller's grains in the diet and drinking water. With the same week age and the same age and the same body shape, 48 egg laying hens were divided into 2 treatments at the late egg production rate of 77%. Each treatment was treated with 2 repetitions. 12 chicken.0% groups were fed to the control group for the basal diet. The 4% dose group fed the experimental diet with 4% fermented distiller's grains on the basis of the basal diet, and the two groups of drinking water treatment were 10. 0 kg of water and A, B fermented distiller's distiller's distiller's liquid each 1 litres, the test period 4 weeks. The results showed that the diet and drinking water added fermented distiller's grains could improve the egg quality, reduce the egg production rate but increase the total egg production weight. This study showed that the content of the fermented distiller's grains was higher, the apparent metabolic energy and the crude protein utilization rate of the fermented distiller's distiller's grains were higher. The fermentation distiller's grains improved the production performance and economic benefit of broiler, improved the level of nutrient metabolism in the blood and improved the structure of intestinal flora. Adding Fermented distiller's grains in the diet increased the egg production rate and reduced the ratio of egg to egg, improved the quality of eggs, reduced the rate of unqualified eggs, and improved the microecological environment of the intestines, and improved the immunity. Dietary and Adding fermented distillers grains to drinking water also has some effect on laying hens.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S831.5

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