金洞林场闽楠人工林目标树密度及生长特征研究
发布时间：2018-08-01 17:03
【摘要】：闽楠(Phoebe bournei),为樟科常绿大乔木,是国家二级重点保护树种,闽楠的天然分布稀少,作为珍贵的用材林树种和园林绿化的理想树种,加强对闽楠经营的研究显得尤为重要。目前,近自然经营是森林经营的研究热点,而“目标树作业体系”是以单株林木为对象而进行的一种近自然森林经营作业体系。目标树密度与生长特征的研究是目标树经营中的关键所在。本研究以金洞林场闽楠人工林中的中龄林为研究对象,利用闽楠中龄林3块样地的调查数据,基于胸径加权Voronoi图构建林木空间结构单元,对调查样地林木W_V_Hegyi竞争指数与大小比数进行分析,之后对备选目标树的W_V_Hegyi竞争指数与大小比数划分等级,筛选出最终目标树,最后根据筛选出的最终目标树对闽楠人工林目标树生长特征进行研究,为闽楠大径材作业法全周期经营培育过程的制定提供理论依据。主要研究内容与结论分述如下:(1)金洞林场闽楠人工林林木竞争指数与大小比数分析。本文以金洞林场闽楠人工林为研究对象,分别基于4株木法、常规Voronoi图和加权Voronoi图对研究样地内所有林木的竞争指数与大小比数进行计算并对比分析,竞争指数分别表述为Hegyi、V_Hegyi、W_V_Hegyi。结果表明:基于加权Voronoi图和常规Vornoi图计算的竞争指数、大小比数均呈现极显著相关,说明基于加权Voronoi图计算的空间结构指数同样为描述空间结构的有效指数。通过分析Hegyi、V_Hegyi和W_V_Hegyi竞争指数与胸径的相关性并对三种竞争指数和胸径进行曲线拟合可知,W_V_Hegyi竞争指数能够更好地反应竞争指数与林木胸径的关系且用胸径倒数作为权重进行加权具有合理性。通过对三块样地的W_V_Hegyi竞争指数和大小比数分析可知:林分中闽楠竞争程度呈现较大的差异,闽楠在竞争中处于优势地位。闽楠的平均大小比数和全林分的平均大小比数最为接近,因此,可以用林分优势树种闽楠的胸径大小比数来衡量整个林分中林木的大小分化情况。3块样地平均大小比数均小于0.5,表明林分处于竞争较为激烈状态,符合林分现状,林分处于质量选择阶段。(2)金洞林场闽楠人工林近自然经营中目标树密度研究。以胸径加权Voronoi图确定的空间结构单元为基础,根据备选目标树竞争单元的实际情况和W_V_Hegyi竞争指数与大小比数的变化范围,对备选目标树的W_V_Hegyi竞争指数和大小比数进行等级划分,划分为3个等级。根据划分的等级,通过筛选,3块样地最终确定的目标树株数分别为8株、10株、9株。即单位面积最终目标树密度分别为120株/hm2、150株/hm2、135株/hm2。由此得到金洞林场闽楠人工林现阶段平均单位面积的目标树密度为135株/hm2。(3)金洞林场闽楠人工林目标树生长特征研究。选择具有代表性的最终目标树进行树干解析,结果表明:闽楠人工林目标树胸径在第22年左右出现此时连年生长量与平均生长量相交,胸径速生期为前12年。闽楠人工林目标树树高连年生长量与平均生长量在第20年时相交,在12年以前,是闽楠树高生长的速生期。在25年时,闽楠人工林目标树材积连年生长量与平均生长量并未相交且未达到最大值,仍有上升之势。通过对胸径、树高、材积生长模型的拟合,得到金洞林场闽楠目标树胸径、树高、材积最适生长模型分别为:D=31.161×(1-exp(-0.037×t))^1.430;H=26.213×(1-exp(-0.038×t))^1.225;V=0.654×(1-exp(-0.048×t))^4.143,对模型适用性检验,可知闽楠目标树的生长模型的精度都大于95%,说明拟合得到的这些模型能较准确地估算出闽楠的胸径、树高和材积,在生产实践中具有比较重要的意义。
[Abstract]:Phoebe bournei, a large tree of evergreen camphos, is a major tree of evergreen camphos. It is the two key conservation tree species in the country. The natural distribution of Phoebe is rare. As a precious timber tree species and ideal tree species for garden greening, it is very important to strengthen the research on the management of Phoebe. At present, the near natural camp is a hot spot of forest management, and "the target tree operation body". The research on the density and growth characteristics of the target tree is the key to the management of the target tree. In this study, the middle age forest in the Southern Min Nan artificial forest of Jin Dong forest farm is the research object, and the data of 3 plots in the middle age forest of the southern Fujian are based on the weighted Vor of the diameter of the chest. The spatial structure unit of the forest tree was constructed by the onoi map. The W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the sample plots were analyzed. Then the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the selected target tree were graded, and the final target tree was screened. Finally, the growth characteristics of the target tree of the southern Fujian artificial forest were studied according to the final target tree selected. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) analysis of the competition index and size ratio of Min Nan artificial forest plantation in Jin Dong forest farm. This paper is based on 4 wood methods, conventional Voronoi maps and weighted Vorono The I map calculates and compares the competition index and the size ratio of all trees in the sample plots. The competition index is expressed as Hegyi, V_Hegyi, and W_V_Hegyi., respectively. The results show that the competition index based on the weighted Voronoi diagram and the conventional Vornoi diagram has a very significant correlation with the size ratio, indicating the space based on the weighted Voronoi graph. The structure index is also an effective index to describe the spatial structure. By analyzing the correlation between the Hegyi and the V_Hegyi and W_V_Hegyi competition index and the diameter of the chest and fitting the three competition indices and the DBH, the W_V_Hegyi competition index can better reflect the relationship between the competition index and the chest diameter of the forest and use the inverse of the DBH as the weight. According to the analysis of the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the three plots, it is found that the competition degree of the Min Nan in the stand is quite different, and the southern Fujian is in the dominant position in the competition. The average size ratio of the Min Nan and the average size ratio of the total stand are the closest. The size ratio of the diameter of the DBH measured the size differentiation of the trees in the whole forest. The average size ratio of.3 plots was less than 0.5, indicating that the stand was in a more competitive state, in line with the status of the stand, the stand was in the stage of quality selection. (2) the study on the density of the target tree in the near natural management of Phoebe forest plantation in the gold cave forest farm. The weighted Voronoi diagram of the breast diameter was taken. Based on the determined spatial structure unit, according to the actual situation of the competitive target tree competition unit and the range of the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio, the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the selected target tree are graded and divided into 3 grades. According to the grade, the final target of the 3 sample plots is selected. The number of target trees were 8, 10 and 9, that is, the ultimate target tree density of the unit area was 120 /hm2150 strains of /hm2135 strain /hm2., thus the target tree density of the average unit area of Min Nan artificial forest at the golden cave forest farm was obtained at the present stage of 135 /hm2. (3) gold cave forest farm. The final target tree is a tree trunk analysis. The results show that the diameter of the target tree of the Min Nan artificial forest occurs at about twenty-second years and the annual growth is intersected with the average growth. The rapid growth period of the DBH is the first 12 years. The high annual growth of the target tree tree of Min Nan artificial forest intersects with the average growth in twentieth years. Before 12 years, it is the rapid growth of the high growth of Phoebe. In the 25 year period, the annual growth of the target tree volume was not intersected with the average growth, and it still had a rising trend. By fitting the DBH, tree height and volume growth model, the optimum growth model of the target tree in the golden cave forest farm was D=31.161 * (1-exp (-0.037 x t)) ^1.430, respectively. H=26.213 * (1-exp (-0.038 x T)) ^1.225; V=0.654 x (1-exp (-0.048 x T)) ^4.143. The accuracy of the model of the target tree of Min Nan is more than 95%. It shows that these models can accurately estimate the chest diameter, tree height and volume of Phoebe min, which is of great significance in the production practice.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S792.24
，
本文编号：2158246
[Abstract]:Phoebe bournei, a large tree of evergreen camphos, is a major tree of evergreen camphos. It is the two key conservation tree species in the country. The natural distribution of Phoebe is rare. As a precious timber tree species and ideal tree species for garden greening, it is very important to strengthen the research on the management of Phoebe. At present, the near natural camp is a hot spot of forest management, and "the target tree operation body". The research on the density and growth characteristics of the target tree is the key to the management of the target tree. In this study, the middle age forest in the Southern Min Nan artificial forest of Jin Dong forest farm is the research object, and the data of 3 plots in the middle age forest of the southern Fujian are based on the weighted Vor of the diameter of the chest. The spatial structure unit of the forest tree was constructed by the onoi map. The W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the sample plots were analyzed. Then the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the selected target tree were graded, and the final target tree was screened. Finally, the growth characteristics of the target tree of the southern Fujian artificial forest were studied according to the final target tree selected. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) analysis of the competition index and size ratio of Min Nan artificial forest plantation in Jin Dong forest farm. This paper is based on 4 wood methods, conventional Voronoi maps and weighted Vorono The I map calculates and compares the competition index and the size ratio of all trees in the sample plots. The competition index is expressed as Hegyi, V_Hegyi, and W_V_Hegyi., respectively. The results show that the competition index based on the weighted Voronoi diagram and the conventional Vornoi diagram has a very significant correlation with the size ratio, indicating the space based on the weighted Voronoi graph. The structure index is also an effective index to describe the spatial structure. By analyzing the correlation between the Hegyi and the V_Hegyi and W_V_Hegyi competition index and the diameter of the chest and fitting the three competition indices and the DBH, the W_V_Hegyi competition index can better reflect the relationship between the competition index and the chest diameter of the forest and use the inverse of the DBH as the weight. According to the analysis of the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the three plots, it is found that the competition degree of the Min Nan in the stand is quite different, and the southern Fujian is in the dominant position in the competition. The average size ratio of the Min Nan and the average size ratio of the total stand are the closest. The size ratio of the diameter of the DBH measured the size differentiation of the trees in the whole forest. The average size ratio of.3 plots was less than 0.5, indicating that the stand was in a more competitive state, in line with the status of the stand, the stand was in the stage of quality selection. (2) the study on the density of the target tree in the near natural management of Phoebe forest plantation in the gold cave forest farm. The weighted Voronoi diagram of the breast diameter was taken. Based on the determined spatial structure unit, according to the actual situation of the competitive target tree competition unit and the range of the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio, the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the selected target tree are graded and divided into 3 grades. According to the grade, the final target of the 3 sample plots is selected. The number of target trees were 8, 10 and 9, that is, the ultimate target tree density of the unit area was 120 /hm2150 strains of /hm2135 strain /hm2., thus the target tree density of the average unit area of Min Nan artificial forest at the golden cave forest farm was obtained at the present stage of 135 /hm2. (3) gold cave forest farm. The final target tree is a tree trunk analysis. The results show that the diameter of the target tree of the Min Nan artificial forest occurs at about twenty-second years and the annual growth is intersected with the average growth. The rapid growth period of the DBH is the first 12 years. The high annual growth of the target tree tree of Min Nan artificial forest intersects with the average growth in twentieth years. Before 12 years, it is the rapid growth of the high growth of Phoebe. In the 25 year period, the annual growth of the target tree volume was not intersected with the average growth, and it still had a rising trend. By fitting the DBH, tree height and volume growth model, the optimum growth model of the target tree in the golden cave forest farm was D=31.161 * (1-exp (-0.037 x t)) ^1.430, respectively. H=26.213 * (1-exp (-0.038 x T)) ^1.225; V=0.654 x (1-exp (-0.048 x T)) ^4.143. The accuracy of the model of the target tree of Min Nan is more than 95%. It shows that these models can accurately estimate the chest diameter, tree height and volume of Phoebe min, which is of great significance in the production practice.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S792.24
，
本文编号：2158246
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