大轮拖电控PTO湿式离合器设计研究

发布时间：2018-08-18 21:13

【摘要】：拖拉机是农业生产和运输最主要的机械设备,其自动化和智能化的高品质发展对提高国家农业现代化和机械化水平具有重大意义,而动力输出装置是实现拖拉机牵引功能的重要部件。目前,国内生产的拖拉机仍多采用传统的非独立式动力输出轴,该装置须同时克服拖拉机起步和农机具开始工作这两方面的工作阻力,这样会造成发动机负荷较大,影响拖拉机工作的连贯性,也降低了其工作的效率。湿式多片离合器应用在动力输出装置上可以有效解决传统非独立式动力输出轴动力输出中断的问题。本文提出了一种基于改进遗传算法的大轮拖动力输出湿式离合器参数优化的方法,确定了湿式离合器的优化模型,并且基于改进遗传算法对拖拉机动力输出轴湿式离合器结构进行了优化设计,优化结果验证了所提优化方法的合理性和有效性。在阐述拖拉机动力输出轴湿式离合器结构和工作原理的基础上,对离合器接合过程进行了研究,分析了离合器转矩传递特性,并分阶段对湿式离合器接合过程进行了动力学分析和建模,总结出了动力输出轴湿式离合器油压变化的主要影响参数。对拖拉机动力输出轴湿式离合器电液控制系统进行了设计和研究,阐述了拖拉机动力输出轴湿式离合器接合品质的评价指标。最后,针对目前市场反馈的东方红-1604/1804系列大轮拖出现的动力输出不停转、压力不稳定等问题,组成攻关小组进行了重点攻关,通过细致的分析和研究,对传动壳体进行了改进并增加一级传动、更改提升泵及润滑泵吸油口的位置、加强碟簧硬度及改变泄油孔的位置等一系列有效措施,提高了油泵排空能力,避免了润滑泵的进气,解决了压力不稳、动力输出不停转等难点问题,对离合器生产商的产品优化具有重要的参考价值,并对国内其它拖拉机生产厂商解决同类问题具有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:Tractors are the most important mechanical equipment in agricultural production and transportation. The development of automation and intellectualization of tractors is of great significance to the modernization and mechanization of agriculture in our country. The power output device is an important part of tractor traction function. At present, the traditional non-independent tractors are still widely used in domestic production. Power output shaft, the device must overcome both tractor start and agricultural machinery start working resistance, this will cause a larger engine load, affect the tractor work coherence, but also reduce the efficiency of its work. Wet multi-disc clutch in power output device can effectively solve the traditional non-independent dynamic. In this paper, a method of parameter optimization of wet clutch for tractor power output shaft based on improved genetic algorithm is presented. The optimization model of wet clutch is determined. The structure of wet clutch for tractor power output shaft is optimized based on improved genetic algorithm. The rationality and validity of the proposed optimization method are verified. On the basis of explaining the structure and working principle of the tractor power output shaft wet clutch, the clutch engagement process is studied, the torque transfer characteristics of the clutch are analyzed, and the dynamic analysis and modeling of the wet clutch engagement process are carried out in stages, and the conclusion is drawn. The electro-hydraulic control system of tractor power output shaft wet clutch is designed and studied, and the evaluation index of tractor power output shaft wet clutch engagement quality is expounded. Finally, the Dongfanghong-1604/1804 series of large-scale ship towing appears according to the current market feedback. Through careful analysis and research, a series of effective measures have been taken to improve the transmission shell and increase the first-stage transmission, to change the position of the lifting pump and the oil suction port of the lubricating pump, to strengthen the hardness of the disc spring and to change the position of the oil drain hole, etc. The emptying capacity of the oil pump avoids the intake of the lubricating pump, solves the difficult problems such as unstable pressure and non-stop power output. It has important reference value for clutch manufacturers to optimize their products, and has certain guiding significance for other domestic tractor manufacturers to solve similar problems.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S219.1

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