西藏“一江两河”流域农作物种植区时空分布特征研究
发布时间：2018-08-26 14:27
【摘要】：青藏高原是全球变化的敏感区,全球变化正给青藏高原带来显著影响。气候变化对青藏高原的影响与响应的复杂性近年来已经成为科学界密切关心的研究议题。暖湿型气候对作物生产最为有利,作物气候生产力呈现逐年增加趋势,气候的暖湿化对青藏高原农业产生重大影响。遥感技术为掌握大区域作物空间分布格局提供了新的技术手段,提供了监测作物分布区时空变化的可能。作物种植区遥感识别是遥感技术在农业领域的重要应用,也是农情遥感的基础。农作物种植区分布特征研究可以为区域粮食生产和农业发展规划提供科学依据,对当地政府政策制订和实现农业资源可持续利用具有重要意义。本研究旨在(1)基于MODIS-NDVI时间序列数据提取的西藏一江两河流域农作物物候信息特征,(2)并基于物候特征信息分析2000年、2005年和2010年区研究区域农作物种植区的空间分布特征,(3)并研究农作物种植区分布特征及其变化与地形以及温度在空间上的相互关系。研究的主要结论如下:基于时间系列的MODIS-NDVI可以提取的研究区域农作物物候特征参数包括生长季开始时间、生长季结束时间、生长季长度、NDVI振幅、NDVI曲线左导数、NDVI右导数、NDVI生长季积分;并基于物候特征信息,通过决策树法提取2000年、2005年和2010年作物种植区的空间分布。基于农作物物候特征提取的农作物种植区与检验数据间符合度较好,均达92%以上。西藏一江两河流域内农作物种植区的分布面积约3100km2,相对较少,占流域面积的1.2%;种植区沿河流呈枝状分布,主要集中在雅鲁藏布江的中下游河谷以及其主要支流拉萨河与年楚河河流谷地;而且流域内种植区在各行政单元内空间分布差异大,主要分布林芝地区、日喀则地区、拉萨市和山南地区的河谷地带,分别为29%、33%、22%和15%,其它区域很少。从2000到2010年间,一江两河流域稳定种植区面积为3095km2,农作物种植面积既有增加区域,也有减少区域,其增加区域与减少区域在空间上都呈现出分散的特点。虽然种植区总面积呈下降趋势,但变化幅度很小,约为0.47%。其中,拉萨市、林芝地区和日喀则地区为主要的农作物种植区;林芝地区种植区新增区域和减少区域相对较多,变化频繁;其增长区域主要集中在林芝地区的北部,呈现空间连续性增长;减少区域主要集中在林芝地区西南方向的区域。昌都地区为新的农作物增长区。地形因子很大程度的决定了地表的光热分布和水的再分布,对农作物种植区的分布和种植面积具有重要的影响。种植农作物的优势区域地形特征表现为低海拔、地势平缓、阳坡或半阳坡的条件。2000年-2010年间农作物增长区域集中于水光热条件好的阳坡、半阳坡,平暖地。尽管2000年-2010年一江两河流域农作物总种植面积呈减少的趋势,但是温度升高集中区域与新增种植区域较好的对应,相关的区域面积有37.58km2,主要集中在林芝地区的南部和北部。这说明了在暖湿化背景下,随气温升高,一江两河流域农作物种植面积有扩张趋势。
[Abstract]:The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a sensitive region to global change, and global change is bringing about significant impacts on the Tibetan Plateau. The complexity of the impacts and responses of climate change on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has become a research topic of close concern to the scientific community in recent years. Remote sensing technology provides a new technical means for grasping the spatial distribution pattern of crops in large areas and provides the possibility for monitoring the spatial and temporal changes of crop distribution areas. The study of plant distribution characteristics can provide a scientific basis for regional grain production and agricultural development planning, and is of great significance for local government policy formulation and sustainable utilization of agricultural resources. Phenological information was used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of crop growing areas in 2000, 2005 and 2010. (3) The spatial relationship between crop growing areas and topography and temperature was studied. Phenological parameters include the start time of growing season, the end time of growing season, the length of growing season, the amplitude of NDVI, the left derivative of NDVI curve, the right derivative of NDVI and the integral of NDVI growing season. Based on the information of phenological characteristics, the spatial distribution of crop growing areas in 2000, 2005 and 2010 was extracted by decision tree method. The distribution area of crop planting areas in the One-river and Two-river valleys in Tibet is about 3,100 km 2, which is relatively small, accounting for 1.2% of the basin area; the planting areas distribute in branches along the river, mainly concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of Yarlung Zangbo River Valley and its main tributaries, Lhasa River and Nianchu River. The valleys of Linzhi, Xigaze, Lhasa and Shannan districts are 29%, 33%, 22% and 15% respectively, and the other areas are few. From 2000 to 2010, the area of stable planting area in one river and two river valleys is 3095 km 2, and the area of crop planting is both. Although the total area of planting areas showed a downward trend, the change range was very small, about 0.47%. Lhasa, Linzhi and Xigaze were the main crop growing areas; Linzhi planting areas increased and decreased. Changdu area is a new crop growth area. The topographic factors largely determine the distribution of light and heat and the redistribution of water on the surface of the earth, and affect farming. The distribution and planting area of species planting areas have important effects. The topographic features of the dominant areas for crop cultivation are low altitude, gentle terrain, sunny or semi-sunny conditions. Crop growth areas during 2000-2010 were concentrated on sunny slopes, semi-sunny slopes, and warm land with good hydrothermal conditions. The total crop planting area showed a decreasing trend, but the area of temperature increase was corresponding to the newly planted area. The related area was 37.58 km 2, mainly in the South and north of Linzhi area.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S315
[Abstract]:The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a sensitive region to global change, and global change is bringing about significant impacts on the Tibetan Plateau. The complexity of the impacts and responses of climate change on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has become a research topic of close concern to the scientific community in recent years. Remote sensing technology provides a new technical means for grasping the spatial distribution pattern of crops in large areas and provides the possibility for monitoring the spatial and temporal changes of crop distribution areas. The study of plant distribution characteristics can provide a scientific basis for regional grain production and agricultural development planning, and is of great significance for local government policy formulation and sustainable utilization of agricultural resources. Phenological information was used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of crop growing areas in 2000, 2005 and 2010. (3) The spatial relationship between crop growing areas and topography and temperature was studied. Phenological parameters include the start time of growing season, the end time of growing season, the length of growing season, the amplitude of NDVI, the left derivative of NDVI curve, the right derivative of NDVI and the integral of NDVI growing season. Based on the information of phenological characteristics, the spatial distribution of crop growing areas in 2000, 2005 and 2010 was extracted by decision tree method. The distribution area of crop planting areas in the One-river and Two-river valleys in Tibet is about 3,100 km 2, which is relatively small, accounting for 1.2% of the basin area; the planting areas distribute in branches along the river, mainly concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of Yarlung Zangbo River Valley and its main tributaries, Lhasa River and Nianchu River. The valleys of Linzhi, Xigaze, Lhasa and Shannan districts are 29%, 33%, 22% and 15% respectively, and the other areas are few. From 2000 to 2010, the area of stable planting area in one river and two river valleys is 3095 km 2, and the area of crop planting is both. Although the total area of planting areas showed a downward trend, the change range was very small, about 0.47%. Lhasa, Linzhi and Xigaze were the main crop growing areas; Linzhi planting areas increased and decreased. Changdu area is a new crop growth area. The topographic factors largely determine the distribution of light and heat and the redistribution of water on the surface of the earth, and affect farming. The distribution and planting area of species planting areas have important effects. The topographic features of the dominant areas for crop cultivation are low altitude, gentle terrain, sunny or semi-sunny conditions. Crop growth areas during 2000-2010 were concentrated on sunny slopes, semi-sunny slopes, and warm land with good hydrothermal conditions. The total crop planting area showed a decreasing trend, but the area of temperature increase was corresponding to the newly planted area. The related area was 37.58 km 2, mainly in the South and north of Linzhi area.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S315
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 哈凯;丁庆龙;门明新;许v，
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