多功能农用作业机动力传动系统的改进研究

发布时间：2018-09-08 16:06

【摘要】：多功能农用作业机是一种一次可完成秸秆粉碎、旋耕、播种等多种作业的现代农业装备。多功能作业机装备有多个作业机具,其动力传动系统有多个动力输出,国内的产品大都存在动力分配不合理、操纵不便的问题。针对多功能作业机现有问题,本文以某履带自走式多功能作业机为对象,对其传动系统进行改进研究,以提高作业机的工作效率和操纵性能、降低燃油消耗。本文首先对现有多功能作业机的结构、参数和性能进行详细分析,提出传动系统的改进目标。其次,根据改进目标,对传动系统改进方案进行设计,优化各线路传动比,消除“转速倒流”现象,使前后动力输出控制与行走系统相互独立。为提高作业机操纵性能,在动力传动系统中增加两个湿式离合器,并对其参数进行设计,确定液压系统流量和油压,对主要元件进行选型分析。应用KISSsys和KISSsoft软件,建立传动系统模型,在模型正确性得到验证后,根据确定的传动比对各齿轮、轴和轴承进行设计、选型与校核。再次,在传动系齿轮参数确定的基础上,对各直齿轮进行修形研究,探究各修形要素对修形效果的影响规律,以提高承载能力、减小振动和噪声为目标,确定各齿轮副的最佳修形参数,并对修形前后齿轮副传动效率进行分析,验证了齿轮修形对提高传动效率的作用。最后,通过田间试验,计算秸秆还田作业后的植被覆盖率,测量作业机田间运输和旋耕工况下的燃油消耗量,并与燃油消耗的仿真结果和改进前的试验结果进行对比分析。结果显示:耕后植被覆盖率能够达到技术要求,燃油消耗的仿真结果与试验结果基本一致,作业机燃油经济性得到了较大提高。本文通过对多功能作业机传动系统各线路传动比的优化,消除了作业机前动力输出存在的“转速倒流”现象,提高了作业机燃油经济性;通过增加两个湿式离合器,提高了作业机的操纵性能。本文对多功能作业机传动系统的改进,实现了降低劳动强度和作业成本的目标,强有力地推动了农业机械化和可持续化发展。
[Abstract]:Multifunctional agricultural machine is a kind of modern agricultural equipment, which can finish straw crushing, rotary tillage, sowing and so on. The multi-function machine has many working machines and tools, and its power transmission system has multiple power output. Most of the domestic products have the problems of unreasonable power distribution and inconvenient operation. Aiming at the existing problems of the multifunctional operating machine, this paper studies the improvement of the transmission system of a crawler self-propelled multifunctional machine in order to improve the working efficiency and maneuverability of the machine and reduce the fuel consumption. In this paper, the structure, parameters and performance of the existing multifunctional machine are analyzed in detail, and the improvement goal of the transmission system is put forward. Secondly, according to the improvement goal, the improvement scheme of transmission system is designed, the transmission ratio of each line is optimized, the phenomenon of "speed reversion" is eliminated, and the power output control and the moving system are independent of each other. In order to improve the maneuverability of the operating machine, two wet clutches were added to the power transmission system. The parameters of the clutch were designed, the flow rate and the oil pressure of the hydraulic system were determined, and the main components were selected and analyzed. The model of transmission system is established by using KISSsys and KISSsoft software. After the correctness of the model is verified, the gears, shafts and bearings are designed, selected and checked according to the determined transmission ratio. Thirdly, on the basis of determining the gear parameters of the transmission system, the modification of each spur gear is studied, and the influence law of each modification element on the modification effect is explored, in order to improve the bearing capacity and reduce the vibration and noise. The optimum modification parameters of each gear pair are determined, and the transmission efficiency of gear pair before and after modification is analyzed, which verifies the effect of gear modification on improving transmission efficiency. Finally, the vegetation coverage after straw returning to the field was calculated, and the fuel consumption under the operating conditions of field transportation and rotary tillage was measured, and compared with the simulation results of fuel consumption and the experimental results before improvement. The results show that the vegetation coverage after tillage can meet the technical requirements, the simulation results of fuel consumption are basically consistent with the experimental results, and the fuel economy of the operating machine has been greatly improved. In this paper, by optimizing the transmission ratio of the transmission system of the multifunctional operating machine, the phenomenon of "speed backflow" existing in the power output of the working machine is eliminated, and the fuel economy of the machine is improved, and two wet clutches are added. The operation performance of the machine is improved. In this paper, the improvement of the transmission system of the multifunctional job machine has achieved the goal of reducing the labor intensity and the cost of the work, and has strongly promoted the development of agricultural mechanization and sustainable development.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S220

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