金针菇“江山一号”营养要素筛选及其液体菌种培养研究
发布时间：2018-09-17 06:34
【摘要】：本文针对沙县金农菌业有限公司提供的金针菇"江山一号"菌株,进行了营养要素的筛选和液体菌种及培养条件的优化研究,并完成了液体菌种与常规固体菌种栽培对比试验。首先,本文对金针菇"江山一号"菌株的rDNA-ITS序列进行分析,并从GenBank中下载国内不同地区主栽金针菇品种的ITS序列,分析"江山一号"与国内主栽金针菇品种的遗传差异;运用单因素实验筛选出了最适合金针菇"江山一号"生长的碳氮源、碳氮比以及生长所需的常量元素、微量元素、维生素,再从三种防腐剂中筛选出了能有效促进菌丝生长的双乙酸钠,然后采用L9(34)型正交实验进一步优化培养基各组分含量,得到一个适合"江山一号"菌株液体发酵的营养配方;在得到营养配方的基础上,以生物量为主要评价指标,通过单因素实验,对培养温度、培养时间、接种量、装瓶量、摇床转速以及初始pH值进行优化,得出了"江山一号"菌株液体菌种的最佳培养条件。最后在沙县金农菌业有限公司进行初步应用,并和传统固体菌种生产进行比较。为推广"江山一号"菌株液体菌种栽培提供参考依据。主要研究结果如下:(1)"江山一号"菌株与国内主栽的金针菇品种都存在一定程度的差异,与其它品种的平均遗传距离为0.008,最大遗传距离为0.017。(2)"江山一号"生长营养要素:最适碳源为面粉,其次为玉米粉;最适氮源为黄豆粉,其次为酵母粉;菌丝在碳氮比30:1的培养基生长速度最快;常量元素中,钾、磷、钙、镁离子能显著地影响金针菇菌丝的生长,其中对金针菇菌丝体生长影响最大的是钾离子;微量元素中锌、铁离子对菌丝生长有促进作用;6种维生素(生物素、核黄素、叶酸、抗坏血酸、硫胺素、尼克酸)对金针菇菌丝体生长影响不显著;促进剂中浓度为0.02%的双乙酸钠能够极显著地促进菌丝生长。(3)经正交实验优化后,"江山一号"生长最佳营养配方为:玉米粉2%、黄豆粉0.1%、酵母粉0.1%、磷酸二氢钾0.15%、双乙酸钠0.02%。(4)"江山一号"液体菌种最适培养条件为:温度25℃、装液量100mL(三角瓶容量250mL)、接种量10%、摇床转速160r/min、培养周期6 d、起始pH 6.0。(5)"江山一号"液体菌种和固体菌种出菇试验对比结果:与固体菌种相比,液体菌种菌丝的萌发时间提前2d左右,菌丝满袋时间提前10 d左右,子实体现蕾时间提前9 d左右。子实体的平均单产量和生物学效率方面,液体菌种均优于固体菌种。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the screening of nutrient elements and optimization of liquid bacteria and culture conditions of "Jiangshan No. 1" strain of Flammulina velutipes provided by Shaxian Jinnong Bacteriological Industry Co., Ltd. were carried out, and a comparative experiment of cultivation of liquid and conventional solid strains was completed. Firstly, the rDNA-ITS sequence of Flammulina velutipes strain "Jiangshan No. 1" was analyzed, and the ITS sequence of Flammulina velutipes cultivated in different regions of China was downloaded from GenBank, and the genetic difference between "Jiangshan No. 1" and domestic Flammulina velutipes was analyzed. The single factor experiment was used to select the most suitable carbon and nitrogen source, C / N ratio and elements, trace elements and vitamins for the growth of Flammulina velutipes "Jiangshan No. 1". Sodium diacetate, which can effectively promote the growth of mycelium, was selected from three preservatives, and then L9 (34) orthogonal experiment was used to further optimize the content of each component in the culture medium, and a nutrient formula suitable for liquid fermentation of "Jiangshan No. 1" strain was obtained. On the basis of the nutritional formula, the biomass was taken as the main evaluation index, and the temperature, time, inoculation amount, bottling quantity, rotating speed of shaking bed and initial pH value were optimized by single factor experiment. The optimum culture conditions of liquid strain of "Jiangshan No. 1" strain were obtained. Finally, preliminary application was carried out in Shaxian Jinnong Bacteriology Co., Ltd, and compared with traditional solid bacteria production. It provides reference basis for popularizing liquid strain cultivation of Jiangshan 1 strain. The main results are as follows: (1) there are some differences between "Jiangshan No. 1" strain and Flammulina velutipes cultivated in China. The average genetic distance with other varieties was 0.008, and the maximum genetic distance was 0.017. (2) the most suitable carbon source was flour, followed by corn flour, and the most suitable nitrogen source was soybean powder and yeast powder. The growth rate of hyphae was the fastest in the medium with 30:1 C / N ratio. Potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium ions in constant elements could significantly affect the growth of Flammulina velutipes hyphae, among which potassium ion was the most important factor in the growth of Flammulina velutipes mycelium, and zinc in trace elements was the most important factor in the growth of Flammulina velutipes mycelia. Iron ions can promote the mycelium growth of Flammulina velutipes. Six vitamins (biotin, riboflavin, folic acid, ascorbic acid, thiamine, nicotinic acid) have no significant effect on the mycelium growth of Flammulina velutipes (Flammulina velutipes). The concentration of 0.02% sodium diacetate in accelerator could significantly promote the growth of hyphae. (3) after orthogonal experiment, the optimum nutrition formula of "Jiangshan No. 1" growth was: corn flour 2, soybean powder 0.1, yeast powder 0.1, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.15, diethyldiethylbenzene 0.15. (4) the optimum culture conditions of "Jiangshan No.1" liquid bacteria were as follows: temperature 25 鈩，
本文编号：2245016
[Abstract]:In this paper, the screening of nutrient elements and optimization of liquid bacteria and culture conditions of "Jiangshan No. 1" strain of Flammulina velutipes provided by Shaxian Jinnong Bacteriological Industry Co., Ltd. were carried out, and a comparative experiment of cultivation of liquid and conventional solid strains was completed. Firstly, the rDNA-ITS sequence of Flammulina velutipes strain "Jiangshan No. 1" was analyzed, and the ITS sequence of Flammulina velutipes cultivated in different regions of China was downloaded from GenBank, and the genetic difference between "Jiangshan No. 1" and domestic Flammulina velutipes was analyzed. The single factor experiment was used to select the most suitable carbon and nitrogen source, C / N ratio and elements, trace elements and vitamins for the growth of Flammulina velutipes "Jiangshan No. 1". Sodium diacetate, which can effectively promote the growth of mycelium, was selected from three preservatives, and then L9 (34) orthogonal experiment was used to further optimize the content of each component in the culture medium, and a nutrient formula suitable for liquid fermentation of "Jiangshan No. 1" strain was obtained. On the basis of the nutritional formula, the biomass was taken as the main evaluation index, and the temperature, time, inoculation amount, bottling quantity, rotating speed of shaking bed and initial pH value were optimized by single factor experiment. The optimum culture conditions of liquid strain of "Jiangshan No. 1" strain were obtained. Finally, preliminary application was carried out in Shaxian Jinnong Bacteriology Co., Ltd, and compared with traditional solid bacteria production. It provides reference basis for popularizing liquid strain cultivation of Jiangshan 1 strain. The main results are as follows: (1) there are some differences between "Jiangshan No. 1" strain and Flammulina velutipes cultivated in China. The average genetic distance with other varieties was 0.008, and the maximum genetic distance was 0.017. (2) the most suitable carbon source was flour, followed by corn flour, and the most suitable nitrogen source was soybean powder and yeast powder. The growth rate of hyphae was the fastest in the medium with 30:1 C / N ratio. Potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium ions in constant elements could significantly affect the growth of Flammulina velutipes hyphae, among which potassium ion was the most important factor in the growth of Flammulina velutipes mycelium, and zinc in trace elements was the most important factor in the growth of Flammulina velutipes mycelia. Iron ions can promote the mycelium growth of Flammulina velutipes. Six vitamins (biotin, riboflavin, folic acid, ascorbic acid, thiamine, nicotinic acid) have no significant effect on the mycelium growth of Flammulina velutipes (Flammulina velutipes). The concentration of 0.02% sodium diacetate in accelerator could significantly promote the growth of hyphae. (3) after orthogonal experiment, the optimum nutrition formula of "Jiangshan No. 1" growth was: corn flour 2, soybean powder 0.1, yeast powder 0.1, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.15, diethyldiethylbenzene 0.15. (4) the optimum culture conditions of "Jiangshan No.1" liquid bacteria were as follows: temperature 25 鈩，
本文编号：2245016
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shoufeilunwen/zaizhiyanjiusheng/2245016.html
