不同食用菌重金属含量测定及富集能力初步研究

发布时间：2018-09-19 16:29

【摘要】：通过对邯郸地区平菇、香菇、白灵菇、猴头菇、大球盖菇和鸡腿菇等62份食用菌样品的采样分析,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和原子荧光法法测定样品铅、镉和汞3种重金属含量,结果显示其含量均低于国家限量标准。人均食用菌摄取量中铅和镉的健康风险高于汞,通过食用菌摄入这3种重金属对儿童的健康风险要大于成人。通过往平菇栽培料中添加不同浓度的重金属试液,初步研究平菇对栽培料中重金属的吸收富集规律。结果表明平菇对栽培料中铅的吸收富集能力最弱,其栽培料中铅、镉和汞的限量值依次为:154mg/kg、0.438mg/kg和0.304mg/kg。通过往灵芝栽培料中添加不同浓度的重金属试液,初步研究灵芝对栽培料中重金属的吸收富集规律。结果表明灵芝三个品种日本赤灵芝、美国灵芝和灵芝草中,美国灵芝富集这3种重金属的能力最弱。美国灵芝子实体对栽培料中重金属的吸收富集能力强弱顺序依次为汞镉铅,其栽培料中铅、镉和汞的限量值依次为:13.8mg/kg、0.990mg/kg和0.109mg/kg。通过往猴头菇栽培料中添加不同浓度的重金属试液,初步研究猴头菇对栽培料中重金属的吸收富集规律。结果表明猴头菇对栽培料中汞的吸收富集能力最强,其栽培料中铅、镉和汞的限量值依次为:4.59mg/kg、1.29mg/kg和0.187mg/kg。
[Abstract]:By sampling and analyzing 62 edible mushroom samples, such as Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes, Pleurotus edodes, Hericium Erinaceus, and so on, lead was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). The results showed that the contents of cadmium and mercury were lower than the national limit standard. The health risk of lead and cadmium in edible fungi per capita was higher than that of mercury, and the health risk of children was higher than that of adults. By adding different concentrations of heavy metals to the cultivated materials of Pleurotus ostreatus, the absorption and enrichment of heavy metals in cultivated materials were studied preliminarily. The results showed that Pleurotus ostreatus had the weakest ability to absorb and enrich lead in cultivated materials, and the limited values of lead, cadmium and mercury in cultivated materials were respectively 0. 154 mg / kg 0. 438 mg / kg and 0. 304 mg / kg 路kg ~ (-1) respectively. The absorption and enrichment of heavy metals in Ganoderma lucidum were studied by adding different concentrations of heavy metals to Ganoderma lucidum. The results showed that the three varieties of Ganoderma japonica, American Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma lucidum had the weakest ability to enrich these three heavy metals. The order of absorption and enrichment of heavy metals in Ganoderma lucidum was mercury, cadmium and lead, and the limited values of lead, cadmium and mercury were: 1 13.8 mg / kg 0.990 mg / kg and 0.109 mg / kg 路kg ~ (-1) respectively. The absorption and enrichment of heavy metals in cultivation materials of hericium Erinaceus were studied by adding different concentrations of heavy metals to the cultivated materials. The results showed that hericium Erinaceus had the strongest ability to absorb and enrich mercury in cultivated materials, and the limited values of lead, cadmium and mercury in cultivation materials were: 1. 59 mg / kg 1.29 mg / kg and 0. 187 mg / kg respectively.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S646

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