喀斯特地区10个黄豆种质资源R3时期抗旱性评价
发布时间：2018-10-09 20:27
【摘要】：黄豆(Glycine max L.),富含脂肪、蛋白、维生素、AA(氨基酸),被誉为“绿色牛乳”,是我国重要粮食作物、主要经济作物之一。贵州以喀斯特地貌著称,山区旱坡地颇多,土壤有机质含量低,季节性干旱频发,黄豆常存在“荚而不实”、“叶茂而荚少”等问题,导致黄豆产量普遍偏低。本试验对贵州喀斯特地方10个大豆种质采用盆栽试验,研究其R3期(始荚期)抗旱性,为筛选出适合喀斯特地区土质种植的高抗旱性种质提供基础数据。主要研究结果如下:1、10个黄豆种质R3时期的Pro、SS、SP含量与水分处理梯度极显著(P0.01)正相关,R值均大于0.8;随折着干旱胁迫加重,Pro、SS、SP含量逐渐增多,均在重度干旱胁迫下达到最大值,其中Pro的增幅普遍较大,大多成倍数增加。2、各黄豆种质R3时期的渗透调节三大物质(Pro、SS、SP)的胁迫系数均大于1,并随干旱胁迫加重逐渐增大,几乎在重度干旱胁迫下趋于最大值,其中Pro的胁迫系数普遍较大,大多都在2以上;三大渗透调节物质发挥的调节作用依次为,ProSSSP。3、10个黄豆种质R3时期叶片质膜透性和MDA含量与水分处理梯度呈极显著正相关,R值均大于0.84;质膜透性和MDA含量随着干旱胁迫加重而逐渐增大,重度干旱胁迫下达最大值。4、干旱胁迫下,各种质黄豆R3期叶片的质膜伤害率和MDA的胁迫系数均大于1,并随干旱胁迫加重逐渐增大,重度干旱胁迫下达到最大值,表明其质膜在重度干旱胁迫下已趋于耐受上限。5、轻度干旱胁迫下10个黄豆种质R3时期SOD、APX、POD、CAT酶活性均上升;中度和重度胁迫下少数种质的SOD、POD、CAT活性呈上升趋势,多数种质的酶活性动态变化规律呈先升高后降低;10个黄豆种质的APX活性均是呈先升高后降低。6、轻度中度干旱胁迫时,POD、SOD、CAT、APX等酶的胁迫系数均大于1;重度干旱胁迫下,少数种质的抗氧化酶胁迫系数低于1;10个黄豆种质R3时期POD和CAT抵御重度干旱胁迫发挥的作用更大,其次是APX。7、10个黄豆种质R3时期的Chal-a、Chal-b和类胡萝卜素的含量与水分处理梯度呈极显著(P0.01)负相关,R值均小于-0.87;随着干旱胁迫加重,三种光合色素的含量动态变化呈现一致降低趋势,胁迫系数也一致地降低,并低于1。8、10个大豆种质的株高、单株结荚数、百粒重随胁迫加重而逐渐降低;根长在轻度胁迫时有所增加,重度干旱胁迫时又降低;并且这四个生态指标与本研究的水分处理梯度呈负相关,其中株高、单株结荚数、百粒重为极显著负相关,R值均小于-0.72。9、在干旱胁迫下,10个大豆种质的株高、单株结荚数、百粒重的胁迫系数均小于1,并随干旱胁迫加重逐渐降低;根长胁迫系数在不同程度干旱胁迫下为先增大后减小,轻中度干旱胁迫下大于1,在重度干旱胁迫下急剧降低到1以下。10、本研究对贵州地方10个黄豆种质进行隶属函数综合抗旱性评定结果为:175≥189≥166172≥174≥177164186≥188≥165。
[Abstract]:Soybean (Glycine max L.), is rich in fat, protein and vitamin AA (amino acid). It is called "green milk" and is one of the important food crops and one of the main cash crops in China. Guizhou is famous for karst landform. There are many dry slopes in mountainous areas, low content of soil organic matter, frequent seasonal drought, and many problems such as "pods are not real" and "leaves are luxuriant but few pods", which lead to the low yield of soybean. Ten soybean germplasms in karst area of Guizhou Province were tested in pot culture to study the drought resistance of soybean germplasm at stage R3 (initial pod stage), and to provide basic data for screening high drought-resistant germplasm suitable for soil planting in karst area. The main results were as follows: the Pro,SS,SP content of 10 soybean germplasms at R3 stage was significantly correlated with the water treatment gradient (P0.01), the positive correlation R value was more than 0.8, and the content of ProSS-SS-SP increased gradually with the increase of drought stress, and reached the maximum value under severe drought stress. Among them, the increase of Pro was generally larger, mostly increased by multiple. The stress coefficient of three major substances (Pro,SS,SP) of soybean germplasm in R3 period was greater than 1, and gradually increased with the increase of drought stress, and almost tended to the maximum under severe drought stress. The stress coefficient of Pro was generally larger, most of which were above 2. The effects of the three major osmotic regulators were ProSSSP.3, and the plasma membrane permeability and MDA content of 10 soybean germplasms were significantly positively correlated with the water treatment gradient at R3 stage, and the plasma membrane permeability and MDA content were significantly higher than 0.84.The membrane permeability and MDA content increased with drought. The pressure increases gradually, Under drought stress, the damage rate of plasma membrane and the stress coefficient of MDA were all greater than 1, and gradually increased with the increase of drought stress, and reached the maximum value under severe drought stress. The results showed that the plasma membrane had tended to the upper limit of tolerance under severe drought stress, and the SOD,APX,POD,CAT activity of 10 soybean germplasms under mild drought stress increased during R3, while the SOD,POD,CAT activity of a few cultivars increased under moderate and severe drought stress. The APX activity of 10 soybean germplasms increased first and then decreased, and the stress coefficients of POD SOD and CATAPX were all greater than 1 under mild drought stress, while the APX activity of 10 soybean germplasms was increased first and then decreased by .6. under severe drought stress, the enzyme activity of most germplasms was increased first and then decreased, while that of 10 soybean germplasms increased first and then decreased. The antioxidant enzyme stress coefficient of a few germplasms was lower than 1, and that of 10 soybean germplasm R3, POD and CAT played a more important role in resisting severe drought stress. Secondly, the contents of Chal-a,Chal-b and carotenoid in APX.7, 10 soybean germplasms at R3 stage were significantly negatively correlated with the water treatment gradient (P0.01) and the R values were lower than -0.87, and the dynamic changes of the three photosynthetic pigments showed a decreasing trend with the increase of drought stress. The stress coefficient also decreased consistently, and the plant height of 10 soybean germplasms was lower than 1.8,10 soybean germplasm, the number of pods per plant, the weight of 100 seeds per plant decreased with the stress, and the root length increased under mild stress and decreased under severe drought stress. The four ecological indexes were negatively correlated with the gradient of water treatment, including plant height, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight and R value less than -0.72.9. Under drought stress, the plant height and pods per plant of 10 soybean germplasms were significantly negative correlation. The stress coefficient of 100-seed weight was less than 1, and decreased gradually with the increase of drought stress, and the root length stress coefficient increased first and then decreased under different degrees of drought stress. The drought resistance of 10 soybean germplasms in Guizhou was evaluated by membership function. The results were as follows: 1.175 鈮，
本文编号：2260668
[Abstract]:Soybean (Glycine max L.), is rich in fat, protein and vitamin AA (amino acid). It is called "green milk" and is one of the important food crops and one of the main cash crops in China. Guizhou is famous for karst landform. There are many dry slopes in mountainous areas, low content of soil organic matter, frequent seasonal drought, and many problems such as "pods are not real" and "leaves are luxuriant but few pods", which lead to the low yield of soybean. Ten soybean germplasms in karst area of Guizhou Province were tested in pot culture to study the drought resistance of soybean germplasm at stage R3 (initial pod stage), and to provide basic data for screening high drought-resistant germplasm suitable for soil planting in karst area. The main results were as follows: the Pro,SS,SP content of 10 soybean germplasms at R3 stage was significantly correlated with the water treatment gradient (P0.01), the positive correlation R value was more than 0.8, and the content of ProSS-SS-SP increased gradually with the increase of drought stress, and reached the maximum value under severe drought stress. Among them, the increase of Pro was generally larger, mostly increased by multiple. The stress coefficient of three major substances (Pro,SS,SP) of soybean germplasm in R3 period was greater than 1, and gradually increased with the increase of drought stress, and almost tended to the maximum under severe drought stress. The stress coefficient of Pro was generally larger, most of which were above 2. The effects of the three major osmotic regulators were ProSSSP.3, and the plasma membrane permeability and MDA content of 10 soybean germplasms were significantly positively correlated with the water treatment gradient at R3 stage, and the plasma membrane permeability and MDA content were significantly higher than 0.84.The membrane permeability and MDA content increased with drought. The pressure increases gradually, Under drought stress, the damage rate of plasma membrane and the stress coefficient of MDA were all greater than 1, and gradually increased with the increase of drought stress, and reached the maximum value under severe drought stress. The results showed that the plasma membrane had tended to the upper limit of tolerance under severe drought stress, and the SOD,APX,POD,CAT activity of 10 soybean germplasms under mild drought stress increased during R3, while the SOD,POD,CAT activity of a few cultivars increased under moderate and severe drought stress. The APX activity of 10 soybean germplasms increased first and then decreased, and the stress coefficients of POD SOD and CATAPX were all greater than 1 under mild drought stress, while the APX activity of 10 soybean germplasms was increased first and then decreased by .6. under severe drought stress, the enzyme activity of most germplasms was increased first and then decreased, while that of 10 soybean germplasms increased first and then decreased. The antioxidant enzyme stress coefficient of a few germplasms was lower than 1, and that of 10 soybean germplasm R3, POD and CAT played a more important role in resisting severe drought stress. Secondly, the contents of Chal-a,Chal-b and carotenoid in APX.7, 10 soybean germplasms at R3 stage were significantly negatively correlated with the water treatment gradient (P0.01) and the R values were lower than -0.87, and the dynamic changes of the three photosynthetic pigments showed a decreasing trend with the increase of drought stress. The stress coefficient also decreased consistently, and the plant height of 10 soybean germplasms was lower than 1.8,10 soybean germplasm, the number of pods per plant, the weight of 100 seeds per plant decreased with the stress, and the root length increased under mild stress and decreased under severe drought stress. The four ecological indexes were negatively correlated with the gradient of water treatment, including plant height, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight and R value less than -0.72.9. Under drought stress, the plant height and pods per plant of 10 soybean germplasms were significantly negative correlation. The stress coefficient of 100-seed weight was less than 1, and decreased gradually with the increase of drought stress, and the root length stress coefficient increased first and then decreased under different degrees of drought stress. The drought resistance of 10 soybean germplasms in Guizhou was evaluated by membership function. The results were as follows: 1.175 鈮，
本文编号：2260668
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