遮光对水稻叶片气体交换和叶绿素荧光参数的影响
发布时间：2018-10-12 13:34
【摘要】：实验于2015年在沈阳农业大学农学院盆栽基地进行。实验选取沈农265、沈农9816、辽星1号和LG0915为参试品种,分别在分蘖期和抽穗期对水稻进行50%遮光15天,探讨水稻叶片的气体交换参数、荧光参数、产量和品质的变化规律及响应机理。主要研究结果如下:1.不同时期遮光处理使参试水稻叶片叶绿素含量显著增加,净光合速率(Pn)和水分利用效率(WUE)显著或极显著降低。分蘖期遮光的水稻叶片气孔导度(Gs)显著增加,蒸腾速率(E)显著降低,胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)显著增加,是非气孔因素导致Pn降低。抽穗期遮光的水稻叶片Gs显著降低,沈农265和辽星1号叶片的Ci增加,沈农9816的Ci显著减少,LG0915无显著差异。复光后的短时间内,水稻叶片的Pn与对照无显著差异,说明50%遮光未对参试水稻的光合作用造成不可逆伤害。2.不同时期遮光使参试水稻叶片的PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光化学猝灭系数(qP)、PSⅡ有效光化学量子产量(Fv'/Fm')和实际光化学效率(φPSⅡ)显著升高,表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)和非光化学猝灭系数(qN)显著降低。复光后的短时间内,叶片的qN显著增强,这是水稻叶片为适应光照增强启动自我保护机制,随着复光时间的推移,遮光处理产生的影响逐渐减弱并消失。3.不同时期遮光处理使参试水稻干物质积累减少,叶片干物质分配比率增加,比叶重降低,叶片通过变薄以增加叶面积,获得更多光能。分蘖期遮光处理未对参试水稻品种的产量产生显著影响,但使水稻沈农265的结实率、整精米率和垩白率增加,辽星1号的千粒重、垩白度和垩白率显著增加,LG0915的每穗粒数增多,整精米率和垩白度降低。抽穗期遮光对穗部干物质分配比例影响不显著。LG0915的产量显著降低,使沈农265、沈农9816和LG0915的结实率显著降低。抽穗期遮光对沈农265、沈农9816和辽星1号的碾磨品质、外观品质和营养品质具有显著影响,LG0915仅营养品质受到影响。
[Abstract]:The experiment was carried out in 2015 at the pot planting base of Agricultural College of Shenyang Agricultural University. Shen Nong 265, Shen Nong 9816, Liaoxing 1 and LG0915 were selected as the tested varieties. The rice was shaded with 50% light at tillering stage and heading stage for 15 days, respectively. The gas exchange parameters and fluorescence parameters of rice leaves were studied. Changes of yield and quality and response mechanism. The main results are as follows: 1. The chlorophyll content of rice leaves was significantly increased and the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and water use efficiency (WUE) were significantly decreased under different shading treatments. The stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (E) and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) were significantly increased in rice leaves exposed to light at tillering stage, and Pn decreased due to non-stomatal factors. The Gs of shaded rice leaves at heading stage decreased significantly, the Ci of Shennong 265 and Liaoxing 1 increased, and the Ci of Shennong 9816 decreased significantly, but there was no significant difference in LG0915. There was no significant difference in Pn between rice leaves and control in a short period of time after relight, indicating that 50% shading did not cause irreversible damage to photosynthesis of rice. 2. The maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), PS 鈪，
本文编号：2266315
[Abstract]:The experiment was carried out in 2015 at the pot planting base of Agricultural College of Shenyang Agricultural University. Shen Nong 265, Shen Nong 9816, Liaoxing 1 and LG0915 were selected as the tested varieties. The rice was shaded with 50% light at tillering stage and heading stage for 15 days, respectively. The gas exchange parameters and fluorescence parameters of rice leaves were studied. Changes of yield and quality and response mechanism. The main results are as follows: 1. The chlorophyll content of rice leaves was significantly increased and the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and water use efficiency (WUE) were significantly decreased under different shading treatments. The stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (E) and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) were significantly increased in rice leaves exposed to light at tillering stage, and Pn decreased due to non-stomatal factors. The Gs of shaded rice leaves at heading stage decreased significantly, the Ci of Shennong 265 and Liaoxing 1 increased, and the Ci of Shennong 9816 decreased significantly, but there was no significant difference in LG0915. There was no significant difference in Pn between rice leaves and control in a short period of time after relight, indicating that 50% shading did not cause irreversible damage to photosynthesis of rice. 2. The maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), PS 鈪，
本文编号：2266315
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