短花针茅荒漠草原植物种群及群落特征对施肥的响应

发布时间：2018-12-06 21:19

【摘要】：为研究短花针茅荒漠草原主要植物种群及群落特征对施肥的响应,以苏尼特右旗短花针茅荒漠草原为对象,运用L16(45)正交试验设计,施用氮肥(尿素,A1、A2、A3 和 A4 分别代表 0、75、150、225kg/hm~2),磷肥(磷酸二铵,B1、B2、B3 和 B4分别代表0、112.5、225、337.5kg/hm~2)和有机肥(C1、C2、C3和C4分别代表0、1500、3000、4500kg/hm~2),采用直观分析、最优母序列关联和全信息模型对取样数据进行分析,得到如下结论。(1)主要植物种群高度、盖度、密度和重要值受施肥影响表现复杂,不同植物种群表现不一致。综合结果显示,短花针茅受肥料影响,数量特征整体表现为下降趋势;无芒隐子草和碱韭受施肥处理的影响,数量特征整体表现为增加趋势。(2)在施肥正交试验中,短花针茅前两个较优处理组合为A1B1C1和A2B1C2,无芒隐子草前两个较优处理组合为A4B2C3和A3B2C4,碱韭前两个较优处理组合为 A4B3C2 和 A1B3C3。(3)施肥对群落生物量较对照存在或高或低的处理,其中生物量表现较高的处理组合为A4B2C3和A4B3C2。(4)施肥能够增加群落整体多样性,但对单一多样性指数影响比较复杂,群落整体多样性较高的处理组合为A4B2C3和A4B3C2。(5)根据主要植物种群、群落生物量及群落多样性综合考虑,最优的处理组合为A4B2C3,通过施肥处理可以控制植物种群的数量特征,从而达到群落物种控制作用。
[Abstract]:In order to study the responses of main plant populations and community characteristics to fertilization in Stipa breviflora desert steppe, a L16 (45) orthogonal design was used to apply nitrogen fertilizer (urea, A1A2) to the desert steppe of Stipa breviflora in Sunita's right flag. A3 and A4 stand for 0 75150225kg / hm-2), phosphate fertilizer (diammonium phosphate, B1OB2OB3 and B4 respectively for 0112.5225337.5kg/hm~2) and organic fertilizer (C1C2C2C3and C4 respectively for 01500003000kg / hm2), respectively. The results are as follows: (1) the height, coverage, density and important value of the main plant populations are affected by fertilization, and the performance of different plant populations is not consistent. The results showed that the quantity of Stipa breviflora was affected by fertilizer. Under the influence of fertilization, the quantitative characteristics of Cryptosporium amurensis and Leek were increased. (2) in the orthogonal fertilization experiment, the first two best treatments of Stipa breviflora were A1B1C1 and A2B _ 1C _ 2, and the results were as follows: (2) in the orthogonal fertilization experiment, the first two best treatments were A1B1C1 and A2B _ 1C _ 2. The first two optimal treatments were A4B2C3 and A3B2C4, and the first two optimal treatments were A4B3C2 and A1B3C3. (3) fertilization had higher or lower biomass than the control. A4B2C3 and A4B3C2. (4) fertilization could increase the overall diversity of the community, but had a complex effect on the single diversity index. A4B2C3 and A4B3C2. (5) according to the comprehensive consideration of main plant population, community biomass and community diversity, the optimal treatment combination was A4B2C3, and the quantitative characteristics of plant population could be controlled by fertilization. In order to achieve the community species control role.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S812

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