氮、钾及氮钾互作对不同甘薯产量品质和养分吸收的影响

发布时间：2019-02-14 11:37

【摘要】：氮钾互作能够影响甘薯养分吸收、利用和产量,为研究不同甘薯品种最适氮钾配比特进行此研究。以不同甘薯品种(商薯19号、烟薯25号、徐薯32号与龙薯9号)为试验材料,于2015年与2016年在山东省泰安市岱岳区山阳北村进行大田试验,研究结果表明:1.不同品种甘薯最佳经济施氮量有所不同。在本试验条件下,经回归分析得出商薯19号的最佳经济施氮量为73.71 kg/hm~2,徐薯32号的最佳经济施氮量为74.46 kg/hm~2,烟薯25号的最佳经济施氮量为79.94 kg/hm~2。2.不同品种甘薯最佳经济施钾量有所不同。在本试验条件下,经回归分析得出商薯19号的最佳经济施钾量为90.16 kg/hm~2,徐薯32号的最佳经济施钾量为92.98 kg/hm~2,烟薯25号的最佳经济施钾量为99.43 kg/hm~2。3.不同品种甘薯最佳经济氮钾配比有所不同。在本试验条件下,经回归分析得出商薯19号的最佳经济氮钾配比为N 74.73 kg/hm~2、K2O 105.97 kg/hm~2,龙薯9号的最佳经济氮钾配比为N 65.07 kg/hm~2、K2O 86.72 kg/hm~2,烟薯25号的最佳经济氮钾配比为N65.12 kg/hm~2、K2O 92.13 kg/hm~2。4.氮钾互作可以增加不同甘薯结薯数、提高单薯重,从而提高甘薯的产量,增加甘薯块根干物质量;不同品种之间存在差异,烟薯25号块根干物质积累量相对其它两品种有明显提高。5.氮钾互作可以降低不同甘薯T/R比值;不同品种之间存在差异,烟薯25号相对其它两品种T/R比值较高,易产生茎叶疯长现象。6.氮钾互作对不同甘薯块根氮素、磷素、钾素的积累量都有所提升;不同品种甘薯营养元素吸收量有所差异,商薯19号的氮、钾吸收量明显高于其它两品种,龙薯9号的磷吸收量明显低于其它两品种。7.氮钾互作对不同甘薯块根品质有显著影响,且不同品种甘薯品质存在差异;商薯19号淀粉与蛋白质含量明显高于其它两品种,烟薯25号则是可溶性糖含量相对最高。
[Abstract]:Nitrogen and potassium interaction could affect nutrient uptake, utilization and yield of sweet potato. Using different sweet potato varieties (Shangshu 19, Yanshu 25, Xushu 32 and Longshu 9) as experimental materials, field experiments were conducted in 2015 and 2016 in Shanyang North Village, Daiyue District, Tai'an City, Shandong Province. The results showed as follows: 1. Different varieties of sweet potato had different optimal economic nitrogen application rates. Under the experimental conditions, by regression analysis, the optimum economic nitrogen application rate of Shangshu 19 was 73.71 kg/hm~2, Xusu 32 and the best economic nitrogen application rate was 74.46 kg/hm~2, Yanshu 25. The optimum economic nitrogen application rate was 79.94 kg/hm~2.2. the optimum economic nitrogen application rate of Shangshu 19 was 73.71 kg/hm~2, and that of Yanshu No. 25 was 74.46 kg/hm~2,. Different varieties of sweet potato had different optimal economic potassium application rate. Under the experimental conditions, by regression analysis, the optimum economic potassium application rate of Shangshu 19 is 90.16 kg/hm~2, Xusu 32 and the best economic potassium application amount is 92.98 kg/hm~2, Yanshu 25. The optimum economic potassium application rate is 99.43 kg/hm~2.3.. The optimum ratio of nitrogen and potassium in different sweet potato varieties is different. Under the experimental conditions, by regression analysis, the best economic ratio of nitrogen and potassium of Shangshu 19 is N 74.73 kg/hm~2,K2O 105.97 kg/hm~2, long Shu 9. The best economic ratio of nitrogen and potassium is N 65.07 kg/hm~2,K2O 86.72 kg/hm~2,. The optimum ratio of N and K for Yanshu 25 is N65.12 kg/hm~2,K2O 92.13 kg/hm~2.4.. The interaction of nitrogen and potassium could increase the number of sweet potato, increase the weight of single potato, increase the yield of sweet potato and increase the dry matter quality of sweet potato root. The accumulation of dry matter in root of Yanshu 25 was significantly higher than that of the other two varieties. The ratio of T / R of different sweet potato was decreased by interaction of nitrogen and potassium, and there were differences among different varieties. The ratio of T / R of Yanshu 25 was higher than that of other two varieties. Nitrogen and potassium interaction increased the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in different sweet potato tubers. The N and K uptake of Shangshu 19 was significantly higher than that of the other two varieties, and the phosphorus uptake of Longshu 9 was significantly lower than that of the other two varieties. The interaction of nitrogen and potassium had a significant effect on root quality of different sweet potato varieties, and the content of starch and protein of Shangshu 19 was significantly higher than that of the other two varieties, and the soluble sugar content of Yanshu 25 was the highest.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S531

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