玉米叶夹角和叶宽的遗传分析及QTL定位
发布时间：2019-04-08 17:34
【摘要】：玉米叶夹角和叶宽是株型的重要影响因素,本研究以三组不同的自交系为亲本构建的三个四世代群体为材料,测量了穗上第一,第二和第三叶的叶夹角,进行遗传模型分析,并利用掖478和齐319以及以其为亲本构建的300个重组自交系(RILs)为群体,测量了穗上叶和穗下叶的叶夹角,以及棒三叶叶宽,并利用含有152个标记的SSR遗传连锁图谱对上述性状进行了 QTL定位,然后使用SNP遗传图谱对叶宽定位结果进行验证。主要研究结果如下:1.以郑58和昌7-2、C8605-2和598、CN165和81162为3组亲本构建了 3个四世代群体,利用单个分离世代分析方法研究叶夹角的遗传规律。结果表明,郑58×昌7-2组合穗上三叶和598×C8605-2组合第三叶均符合E-6模型,即两对等显性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合遗传模型,598×C8605-2组合穗上第二叶、第一叶和CN165×81162组合穗上三叶都符合E-1模型,为两对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合遗传模型。郑58×昌7-2组合穗上第二叶,C8605-2×598组合穗上第一叶、第三叶及CN165×81162组合穗上3片叶主基因遗传率较高,均在70%以上,受环境影响较少,在株型选择时可以作为选择对象。对4个环境下RIL群体棒三叶叶宽平均值进行遗传模型分析,结果表明均符合B-7模型,即两对互补作用的主基因遗传模型。2.将亲本掖478和齐319及RIL群体在2015年和2016年种植在石家庄和新乡两个环境下,测得穗上叶和穗下叶叶夹角,利用SSR图谱定位得到与穗上叶叶夹角相关的QTL8个,分布在第1,2,6和10染色体上,表型贡献率为5.47%～20.01%,其中第1染色体上存在1个一致性QTL。检测到5个与穗下叶叶夹角相关的QTL,分布在第1,5,6和7染色体上,表型贡献率为5.59%～9.20%。第6染色体上存在1个一致性QTL。3.利用含有152个SSR标记的遗传图谱在四个环境下共检测到与玉米棒三叶叶宽相关的QTL 52个。其中与穗上叶叶宽相关的QTL 17个,与穗位叶及穗下叶叶宽相关的QTL分别有15个和20个,分布在第1,2,4,6,7和8染色体上,其中贡献率大于10%的有26个。在第7染色体bnlg1808和dupssr9标记之间存在一个在四个环境下均被检测到的QTL,平均表型贡献率为18.36%,两标记的遗传距离为9.33cM。根据B73序列图谱,其物理距离为10.1Mb,与前人研究结果相符。4.根据SNP图谱,在第7染色体定位到1个同时控制玉米棒三叶叶宽的一致性区段,且此区段与SSR图谱定位结果相吻合,物理距离缩短为1.2Mb。在第1、4、6染色体上存在同时控制玉米棒三叶叶宽的区段,且均与SSR定位的区段接近。
[Abstract]:Leaf angle and leaf width are important influencing factors of plant type. In this study, three four-generation populations of three different inbred lines were used as materials to measure the leaf angle of the first, second and third leaves of the ear and analyze the genetic model. Three hundred recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were used as population to measure the leaf angle and leaf width of the upper and lower leaves of ear, and the width of the leaves of rod and clover were measured by using Ye 478 and Qi 319 as well as the 300 recombinant inbred lines constructed with them as parents. The SSR linkage map with 152 markers was used to map the above traits by QTL, and then the results of leaf width mapping were verified by SNP genetic map. The main findings are as follows: 1. Three four-generation populations were constructed with Zheng 58 and Chang 7, C8605 and 598, CN165 and 81162 as parents. The genetic law of leaf angle was studied by single segregation generation analysis. The results showed that the third leaf of Zheng 58 脳 Chang 7 / 2 and 598 脳 C8605 脳 C8605 / 2 were in accordance with the model of Ex6, that is, the mixed genetic model of additive-dominant polygene of two pairs of equidominant major genes, the second leaf of 598脳C8605-2 combination, and the third leaf of the combination of 598 脳 C8605 and 598 脳 C8605 respectively. Two pairs of additive-dominant-epistatic major gene additive-dominant polygene mixed genetic model were found in the first leaf and CN165 脳 81162 groups. The heritability of the major genes in the upper second leaf, the first leaf, the third leaf and the CN165 脳 81162 were higher in Zheng 58 脳 Chang 7 2, C 8605 and 2 脳 81162 groups, all of which were more than 70% and less affected by the environment. It could be used as the selection object when selecting plant type. The average leaf width of RIL population in four environments was analyzed by genetic model. The results showed that the genetic model was in accordance with the B-7 model, that is, the genetic model of two pairs of complementary major genes. 2. The parents Ye 478, Qi 319 and RIL were planted in Shijiazhuang and Xinxiang environments in 2015 and 2016. The angle between the upper and lower ear leaves was measured, and the QTL8 related to the angle between the ear leaf and the leaf were obtained by using SSR map. On chromosomes 6 and 10, the phenotypic contribution rate was 5.47% and 20.01%, and there was a consistent QTL. on chromosome 1. Five QTL, related to leaf angle were detected on chromosomes 1, 5, 6 and 7, and the phenotypic contribution rate was 5.59% and 9.20%. There is a consistent QTL.3. on chromosome 6 A total of 52 QTL related to leaf width of maize cob were detected by genetic map with 152 SSR markers in four environments. Among them, 17 QTL were related to leaf width of panicle, 15 and 20 were related to leaf width of ear and lower ear, respectively, and distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 and 8, 26 of which contributed more than 10%. There was an average phenotypic contribution rate of 18.36% of QTL, detected in four environments between chromosome 7 bnlg1808 and dupssr9 markers, and the genetic distance between the two markers was 9.33 cM. According to the B73 sequence map, the physical distance is 10.1 Mb, which is in agreement with the previous research results. 4. According to the SNP map, a consistent region was located on chromosome 7 which controlled the leaf width of Corn clover at the same time, and this region coincided with the result of SSR mapping, and the physical distance was shortened to 1.2Mb. On chromosome 1,4,6, there were segments which controlled the leaf width of Corn clover at the same time, and all of them were similar to those located by SSR.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S513
，
本文编号：2454776
[Abstract]:Leaf angle and leaf width are important influencing factors of plant type. In this study, three four-generation populations of three different inbred lines were used as materials to measure the leaf angle of the first, second and third leaves of the ear and analyze the genetic model. Three hundred recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were used as population to measure the leaf angle and leaf width of the upper and lower leaves of ear, and the width of the leaves of rod and clover were measured by using Ye 478 and Qi 319 as well as the 300 recombinant inbred lines constructed with them as parents. The SSR linkage map with 152 markers was used to map the above traits by QTL, and then the results of leaf width mapping were verified by SNP genetic map. The main findings are as follows: 1. Three four-generation populations were constructed with Zheng 58 and Chang 7, C8605 and 598, CN165 and 81162 as parents. The genetic law of leaf angle was studied by single segregation generation analysis. The results showed that the third leaf of Zheng 58 脳 Chang 7 / 2 and 598 脳 C8605 脳 C8605 / 2 were in accordance with the model of Ex6, that is, the mixed genetic model of additive-dominant polygene of two pairs of equidominant major genes, the second leaf of 598脳C8605-2 combination, and the third leaf of the combination of 598 脳 C8605 and 598 脳 C8605 respectively. Two pairs of additive-dominant-epistatic major gene additive-dominant polygene mixed genetic model were found in the first leaf and CN165 脳 81162 groups. The heritability of the major genes in the upper second leaf, the first leaf, the third leaf and the CN165 脳 81162 were higher in Zheng 58 脳 Chang 7 2, C 8605 and 2 脳 81162 groups, all of which were more than 70% and less affected by the environment. It could be used as the selection object when selecting plant type. The average leaf width of RIL population in four environments was analyzed by genetic model. The results showed that the genetic model was in accordance with the B-7 model, that is, the genetic model of two pairs of complementary major genes. 2. The parents Ye 478, Qi 319 and RIL were planted in Shijiazhuang and Xinxiang environments in 2015 and 2016. The angle between the upper and lower ear leaves was measured, and the QTL8 related to the angle between the ear leaf and the leaf were obtained by using SSR map. On chromosomes 6 and 10, the phenotypic contribution rate was 5.47% and 20.01%, and there was a consistent QTL. on chromosome 1. Five QTL, related to leaf angle were detected on chromosomes 1, 5, 6 and 7, and the phenotypic contribution rate was 5.59% and 9.20%. There is a consistent QTL.3. on chromosome 6 A total of 52 QTL related to leaf width of maize cob were detected by genetic map with 152 SSR markers in four environments. Among them, 17 QTL were related to leaf width of panicle, 15 and 20 were related to leaf width of ear and lower ear, respectively, and distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 and 8, 26 of which contributed more than 10%. There was an average phenotypic contribution rate of 18.36% of QTL, detected in four environments between chromosome 7 bnlg1808 and dupssr9 markers, and the genetic distance between the two markers was 9.33 cM. According to the B73 sequence map, the physical distance is 10.1 Mb, which is in agreement with the previous research results. 4. According to the SNP map, a consistent region was located on chromosome 7 which controlled the leaf width of Corn clover at the same time, and this region coincided with the result of SSR mapping, and the physical distance was shortened to 1.2Mb. On chromosome 1,4,6, there were segments which controlled the leaf width of Corn clover at the same time, and all of them were similar to those located by SSR.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S513
，
本文编号：2454776
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