中俄国家领导人演讲中概念隐喻之对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 12:19

本文选题：概念隐喻 + 认知　；参考：《北京第二外国语学院》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：长期以来对隐喻的研究仅局限于修辞学、文学和文体学范畴。从二十世纪80年代开始概念隐喻理论研究,奠基之作是Lakoff Johnson的《我们赖以生存的隐喻(1980)》一书。 Lakoff Johnson在这部开创性著作中指出,隐喻普遍存在于我们的日常生活,不但存在于语言里,而且存在于我们的思想和行为中。我们日常用于思考和行动的认知系统,从本质上说是隐喻化的。按照作者的观点,隐喻是通过一个事物来理解和体验另一个事物,人们可以通过隐喻理解抽象和复杂的事物及现象。在概念隐喻的理论框架下,Lakoff Johnson引入“映射”概念来解释两个概念之间的相互构建关系。隐喻的理解涉及两个认知域：源域和目的域。源域相对而言比较熟悉,具体,易于理解,目的域相对不熟悉,抽象,较难理解。隐喻是从源域映射到目的域,通过这种单向的跨域映射,人们用自己熟悉的认知域来认识不熟悉的认知域,以达到对客观现实世界的认识。因此隐喻不仅是语言的,同时也是认知的、概念的。政治言语是政治思想传播与交流的重要工具,其内容和主题涵盖政治生活各个方面,并具有时效性和社会公共性。概念隐喻使较为复杂和生疏的专业政治概念更贴近大众生活,更易于他们理解。概念隐喻使政治言语更加形象生动,具有感染力和说服力,并且起到影响听众对政治现象认知和评判的作用。本文主要选取2003-2011年中俄国家领导人胡锦涛和梅德韦杰夫的公开政治演讲文章,对其中运用的典型概念隐喻按照认知语言学方法进行分类,总结和分析,并且对其从语言,思维和文化等方面作对比。 1.论文的研究目的、任务和方法本文的研究目的在于对比分析中俄国家领导人演讲稿中的概念隐喻,具体任务主要包括：采用认知学理论阐述隐喻在政治言语中的概念,本质和功能。通过举例分析中俄两国国家领导人的公开演讲稿中所使用的典型概念隐喻,对比其语言,思维方式和社会文化等各方面的异同和产生原因。本论文主要采用概念隐喻理论综述法,举例分析法,分类总结法,文本对比法。资料主要来源于2003-2011年胡锦涛和梅德韦杰夫的公开政治演讲稿。 2.论文的实践价值本文选取近几年中俄两国领导人的公开演讲稿中所使用的概念隐喻作为研究对象,不仅从理论上对认知语言学理论研究隐喻这一现象做了有益的补充,而且为概念隐喻在政治言语中的使用情况和功能提供了具体的方法和语料,同时也为隐喻在语言思维和社会文化的相互关联方面的研究进行了补充。 3.论文的新意用认知学理论所指导的概念隐喻分析方法,对中俄两国国家领导人政治演讲稿中所使用的隐喻进行分类,分析和对比并深入探究不同文化背景下隐喻使用的根源。 4.理论基础和材料来源本文的理论基础主要由认知语言学,修辞学,演讲学、交际学、语用学、心理学等部分构成,贯穿全篇的主线是(?) (?)等语言学家的理论。在主要借鉴Цудинов.А.П的理论基础上,我们分析了国家领导人政治言语中所使用的概念隐喻,对其进行分类和对比。同时,论文参考了多位学者的观点,试析了影响两国政治言语中概念隐喻具体使用的异同及产生的原因。论文分析材料涵盖社会政治文化等不同主题的政治演讲语篇,主要取自2003-2011年以来中俄国家领导人胡锦涛和梅德韦杰夫的公开政治演讲稿。 5.论文的结构论文由绪论、正文三章,结束语和参考书目构成。绪论中我们分析了论文的现实性、论文的目的、任务和方法,论文的理论及实践价值、论文的新意、理论基础和材料来源。第一章简述隐喻研究概况,隐喻的功能,隐喻的概念认知学理论。政治言语的特点以及概念隐喻在政治言语中的功能。第二章详细列举中俄国家领导人公开演讲稿中,源域为“自然”,“房屋建筑”,“战争”,“机械”和“艺术”的典型概念隐喻,按照认知语言学研究方法进行分类,分析其使用情况,语言特点,讲话背景以及各概念隐喻的涵义和功能。第三章分析影响概念隐喻具体使用的因素。其中包括语言特点、思维方式和社会文化因素。其中社会文化因素部分包括历史地理,民俗传统和社会政治因素。结束语中对论文进行了总结同时概括了我们的观点：对比中俄国家领导人的政治演讲语篇中的概念隐喻现象,是发掘更深层次的认知思维方式和一系列社会文化因素对语言表达之影响的一个有效途径。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the study of metaphor is limited to rhetoric, literature and stylistics. The study of conceptual metaphor from 80s twentieth Century is the foundation of Lakoff Johnson's "metaphor (1980)", which we depend on for survival (1980).
In this pioneering work, Lakoff Johnson points out that metaphor is common in our daily life, not only in language, but also in our thoughts and actions. Our daily cognitive system for thinking and action is metaphorically metaphorically. According to the author's point of view, metaphor is understood through one thing. And experiencing another thing, people can understand abstract and complex things and phenomena through metaphor. Under the theoretical framework of conceptual metaphor, Lakoff Johnson introduces the concept of "mapping" to explain the mutual construction relationship between the two concepts. The understanding of metaphor involves two cognitive domains: the source domain and the destination domain. The source domain is relatively familiar with the source domain. Specific, easy to understand, the destination domain is relatively unfamiliar, abstract, and difficult to understand. Metaphor is mapped from the source domain to the destination domain. Through this one-way cross domain mapping, people recognize unfamiliar cognitive domains with their familiar cognitive domains to realize the recognition of the objective reality world. Therefore, metaphor is not only language, but also cognitive, almost cognitive. Read it.
Political speech is an important tool for the communication and communication of political thought. Its contents and themes cover all aspects of political life, and are timeliness and social public. Conceptual metaphors make more complex and unfamiliar professional political concepts closer to public life and easier to understand. Metaphor makes political speech more vivid and vivid. Infection and persuasion play an important role in the audience's cognition and evaluation of political phenomena. This article mainly selects the public political speech of Hu Jintao and Medvedev, the leaders of China and Russia for 2003-2011 years, to classify, summarize and analyze the typical conceptual metaphors used by the Chinese and Russian leaders in accordance with the cognitive linguistics method. Language, thinking and culture are compared.
1. research objectives, tasks and methods
The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze conceptual metaphors in the speeches of Chinese and Russian leaders.
The concept, nature and function of metaphor in political speech are expounded by means of cognitive theory. The typical conceptual metaphors used in the public speeches of the Chinese and Russian leaders are analyzed by an example, and the similarities and differences of language, thinking mode and social culture are compared and their causes are compared.
This paper mainly adopts the method of conceptual metaphor theory, the example analysis, the classification and the text contrast. The information mainly comes from the public political speeches of Hu Jintao and Medvedev in 2003-2011 years.
The practical value of the 2. paper
In this paper, the conceptual metaphor used in the public speeches of the Chinese and Russian leaders in recent years is selected as the research object. It not only provides a useful supplement to the phenomenon of cognitive linguistics, but also provides a specific method and corpus for the use and function of conceptual metaphor in political speech. It also complements the study of metaphor in the interrelationship between language thinking and social culture.
The new meaning of the 3. paper
The conceptual metaphor analysis method, guided by cognitive theory, is used to classify the metaphors used in the political speeches of the Chinese and Russian leaders, and to analyze and compare the roots of the use of metaphor in different cultural backgrounds.
4. theoretical basis and material sources
The theoretical basis of this article is mainly composed of cognitive linguistics, rhetoric, speech, communication, pragmatics, psychology and other parts. At the same time, the paper makes a reference to the views of many scholars and tries to analyze the similarities and differences of the specific use of conceptual metaphor in the political speech of the two countries and the reasons for it.
The paper analyzes the political speech texts of different topics such as social and political culture, mainly from the public political speeches of Hu Jintao and Medvedev, the leaders of China and Russia for 2003-2011 years.
5. structure of the paper
The thesis consists of introduction, three chapters, concluding remarks and bibliography.
In the introduction, we analyze the reality of the paper, the purpose, tasks and methods of the thesis, the theoretical and practical value of the thesis, the new meaning, theoretical basis and material source of the thesis.
The first chapter briefly introduces the general situation of metaphorical studies, the functions of metaphor, the conceptual and cognitive theories of metaphor, the characteristics of political speech and the functions of conceptual metaphor in political speech.
The second chapter gives a detailed list of the public speeches of the Chinese and Russian leaders. The source domain is the typical conceptual metaphor of "nature", "building building", "war", "machinery" and "art". It is classified according to the cognitive linguistics research methods, and analyzes its usage, language point, speech background and the meaning and function of the conceptual metaphors.
The third chapter analyzes the factors that affect the specific use of conceptual metaphor, including language characteristics, thinking ways and socio cultural factors, among which social and cultural factors include historical geography, folklore tradition and social and political factors.
The conclusion is summed up in the conclusion of the thesis. The comparison of the conceptual metaphor in the political speech discourse of the Chinese and Russian leaders is an effective way to discover the deeper cognitive mode of thinking and the influence of a series of social and cultural factors on the expression of language.
【学位授予单位】：北京第二外国语学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：H35;H15

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