电视纪录片栏目的娱乐元素研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 16:41

本文关键词：电视纪录片栏目的娱乐元素研究　出处：《山东师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当今社会是一个有消费占领主导地位的社会，各种名目繁多的文化消费品充斥着受众的视野。电视作为文化产业中的一部分在这个消费的市场中占有重要的地位。电视栏目作为与电视所衍生出的一种文化消费品则必须依靠市场才能够生存。而如何才能依存市场、利用市场更好的在这个消费性的社会生存下来，并在此过程中传播知识，传递信息是当今的电视产业的首要任务。电视纪录片栏目在我国电视发展的进程中一直占有重要地位。在我国电视事业的起步阶段纪录片和新闻片曾经是两种重要的支柱型节目类型。上世纪九十年代以纪录片栏目为代表的电视纪实风潮在我国迅速蔓延开来，甚至延伸至文化领域之外的多个领域，电视纪录片是衡量一个电视台综合水平的重要标志之一。然而近些年来，电视新闻栏目迅速发展，仍然保持并占据着电视产业中的主导地位，纪录片栏目的地位却在不断的下滑，一些栏目甚至陷入边缘化的危机之中。近些年，国家加大了对于电视纪录片栏目的扶持力度，纪录片频道和纪录片栏目本身也逐步适应商业化经营模式与市场接轨。在原有以艺术性、纪实性为主的电视纪录片栏目中逐步添加一些娱乐元素，更加吸引观众的眼球也更有利于知识的传播。本文正是立足于这一点，选择电视纪录片栏目作为研究的主体，对于电视纪录片栏目中的娱乐元素的添加和运用进行分析比较，取其精华去其糟粕，以期寻求到电视纪录片栏目更好的发展之路。本文主要采用了纵向梳理、横向对比、个案研究以及文本分析等研究方法，着重分析了当今世界上主要的电视纪录片生产频道在电视纪录片栏目中的娱乐元素的使用，并结合各个国家不同的国情分析这种现象产生的原因和对于电视纪录片栏目产生的影响。试图通过对各国电视纪录片栏目中娱乐元素的运用，电视纪录片栏目本身纪实性和艺术性的平衡研究，厘清现阶段我国电视纪录片栏目发展的真实状况，探索适合于我国电视纪录片栏目的发展趋势和发展道路。本文首先通过理论书籍的阅读和分析对电视纪录片的定义进行梳理阐明了纪录片的内涵。阐述电视纪录片发展的栏目化、频道化、专业化成为目前电视纪录片发展的重要趋势的原因。并从收视率、受众心理、国家政策以及纪录片发展需求等方面分析电视纪录片栏目娱乐元素兴起的原因和发展趋势。之后进行横向的分类对比，选取美国探索频道和欧洲电视纪录片与我国的电视纪录片进行对比。通过不同文化、不同制播制度之间的电视纪录片的对比，找出其中的娱乐元素，分析这些元素对于电视纪录片栏目发展所带来的利弊。并通过对于受众的收视心理和电视产业市场的研究，寻求如何在纪实性和娱乐性之间达到平衡。电视纪录片栏目主题依然是记录真实的生活，但作为电视这种大众休闲艺术的一部分，娱乐元素已成为必然趋势，如何从纪实性和娱乐性中得到平衡，创造出观众喜欢的纪实性栏目，在如今这个消费为主的社会，为我国的电视纪录片栏目摸索出一条适合我国国情的发展之路。尼尔·波兹曼说过：“娱乐是电视上所有话语的超意识形态。不管是什么内容，也不管采取什么视角，电视上的一切都是为了给我们提供娱乐。”[1]对于电视纪录片而言，娱乐元素的添加和运用已经成为一面鲜明的旗帜，它不仅体现在对纪录片的题材定位与选择上，，而且在纪录片的叙事以及在对纪录观念的认识上也都打下了鲜明的印记。纪录片再也不能孤芳自赏，囿于现有的一些创作模式、手法和原则画地为牢，而应该以开放的胸襟从富于革命性内涵的当代文化尤其是时尚文化中吸取合理因素，从中寻找灵感和新的叙事技巧，利用数字技术大胆探索新的艺术手法和形式，创作出富于时代气息的娱乐化的纪录片。这是纪录片对新的社会审美思潮的适应，也是其自身突破和超越的内在要求。
[Abstract]:Today's society is a consumption dominated society, a variety of cultural consumer goods a multitude of names with the sight of the audience. The TV as part of the cultural industry in the consumer market plays an important role in TV programs. As a kind of cultural consumer TV derived must rely on the market to be able to but how can we survive. Depend on market, use the market better in the consumer society to survive, and in the process of knowledge dissemination, information transmission is the primary task of the TV industry.
TV documentary program has played an important role in the development of China's television in the process. In the initial stage of China's TV news and documentary film career was the two important pillar program type. In 90s the last century to documentary program as the representative of the TV documentary trend in China spread quickly, and even a number of areas outside extension to the field of culture, the TV documentary is one of the important symbols to measure a television level. However, in recent years, the rapid development of TV news program, still maintain and occupy a dominant position in the TV industry, the documentary column position is in constant decline, some programmes even in marginalized crisis over the recent years. The state has increased for the TV documentary program support, Documentary Channel documentary program itself and gradually adapt to the business model and The market. In the original art, gradually add some entertainment elements mainly documentary documentaries, more attracted the attention of the audience is more conducive to the dissemination of knowledge. This paper is based on this point, choose documentaries as the research subject, the entertainment elements of television documentary programs in addition and by analysis and comparison, its essence to its dregs, in order to seek documentaries better development.
This paper mainly adopts the vertical comb, horizontal comparison, research methods of case study and text analysis, focuses on the analysis of the use of one of the world's main television documentary channel documentary TV program production in the entertainment, influence and integration of the various countries in different national conditions, analyses the reasons for this phenomenon and to produce documentaries. Attempts to use of entertainment elements around the World documentary TV program in the balance of the TV documentary program itself of documentary and art, to clarify at this stage of China's TV documentary column development in the real situation, explore the development trend for China's TV documentary program and development.
This paper introduces the connotation of the first documentary by reading and analyzing theory books definition of TV documentary. Describes the development of TV documentary column, the channel specialization, become important trend of the development of TV documentary at present. And from the ratings, audience psychology, national policy and the development of documentary demand of reason and the development trend of the rise of TV documentary program entertainment elements. After the classification and comparison of horizontal, selects the discovery channel and the European TV documentary and the television documentary in China were compared. Through different culture, comparison between different system of the TV documentary, find entertainment elements in them, analysis of advantages and disadvantages of these elements has brought to the TV documentary program development. And through the research on the audience's viewing psychology and television industry market, how to seek To achieve a balance between documentary and entertainment TV documentary program. The theme is still the record of real life, but as a part of this public television art leisure, entertainment has become an inevitable trend, how to get the balance from the documentary and entertainment, to create the concept of documentary column all the love, in today's consumer the society, as China's TV documentary column and find out a suitable for China's development.
Neil Bozeman said: "entertainment is super ideology television all words. No matter what, no matter what perspective, everything on television is to entertain us." [1] for TV documentary, add and use of entertainment has become a distinctive flag, it is not only reflected in the theme positioning and the choice of the documentary, but also in the documentary narrative and in the understanding of the concept of record also laid a distinctive mark. The documentary never indulge in self-admiration, because some creation mode of the existing methods and principles, and should go to prison, with an open mind from the contemporary culture and the revolutionary connotation especially from the reasonable factors of fashion culture, looking for inspiration and new narrative techniques in the use of digital technology to boldly explore new artistic techniques and forms, to create wealth The entertaining documentary film of the times is the adaptation of the documentary to the new social aesthetic trend of thought, and it is also an inherent requirement for its own breakthrough and transcendence.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G222;J952

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