纪录片创作中制作者与被拍摄者之间的伦理关系探究

发布时间：2018-02-26 03:10

本文关键词： 伦理拍摄者被拍摄者尊重伤害　出处：《东北师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伦理问题伴随着人类社会的发展，同样伦理问题也存在于纪录片的创作中，近年来，随着人们对纪录片的关注，相应的伦理问题也就更加明显的体现出来。而纪录片主要是基于拍摄者、被拍摄者和观众这三者之间的互动关系，因此本文所要研究的是纪录片制作过程中拍摄者与被拍摄者的伦理关系问题。本文主要分为五个部分，分别对研究背景、道德底线、拍摄者与被拍摄者之间的道德关系、拍摄者与被拍摄者的权利意识和结论。综合纪录片各类拍摄方式中拍摄者与被拍摄者的关系来说，相互信任是纪录片拍摄的前提，创作者在拍摄过程中不可避免的介入到被拍摄者的生活中，但是尊重事实真相，尽量减少对拍摄对象的干涉是每个纪录片人的责任和义务。纪录片创作者在制作中要有自己的道德底线，既要保证纪录片中的人物更加真实和客观，还不能为了真实而“真实”。我们关注人性，我们用纪录这种方式来进行自我反思，反思社会，但我们绝不能以伤害被拍摄者和与其相关的人为方式来获得自己想要的真实效果。拍摄者一定要尊重拍摄对象的隐私权，这是纪录片拍摄中最重要的道德问题，，因为纪录片对拍摄对象隐私的公开对被拍摄者造成的心理伤害是不可能消除的，纪录片制作者要在不侵害隐私、不干涉被侵害者与侵害隐私、干涉被拍摄者之间寻找一个支点，来维持两者的平衡，这样才能既尊重拍摄对象的权利，同时又能让观众享有知情的权利，因为纪录片最好的观赏状态就是受众一定要与被拍摄者处于相对的位置，要能与拍摄对象感同身受。因此，在纪录片拍摄中，我们呼吁人文关怀，期望制作者尊重拍摄对象，纪录片制作在注重真实性的同时，要确保政治方向是正确的，减少对拍摄对象的精神和肉体的伤害，同时减轻对受众的视觉伤害，真正处理好纪录片制作者，被拍摄者和观众之间的相互关系，确保纪录片的顺利拍摄，实现最终的拍摄目的。
[Abstract]:Along with the development of human society, ethical issues also exist in the creation of documentaries. In recent years, with the attention of people to documentaries, The corresponding ethical issues are also more evident. The documentary is mainly based on the interaction between the filmmaker, the person being filmed and the audience. Therefore, this paper is to study the ethical relationship between the filmmakers and the photographers in the process of documentary making. This paper is divided into five parts: the background of the research, the moral bottom line, the moral relationship between the photographer and the photographer, In terms of the relationship between the filmmakers and the photographers, mutual trust is the premise of documentary shooting. The creator inevitably gets involved in the life of the person being filmed, but respects the truth, It is the responsibility and duty of every documentary person to minimize interference with the subject of filming. Documentary creators should have their own moral bottom line in their production, and they should ensure that the characters in the documentary are more realistic and objective. We can't be "real" for the sake of reality. We focus on human nature. We use the method of recording to reflect on ourselves, to reflect on society, But we must not get the real effect we want by hurting the person we photograph and the people associated with it. The photographer must respect the privacy of the subject, which is the most important moral issue in documentary shooting. Because it is impossible to eliminate the psychological harm caused by the publicity of the privacy of the subject of the documentary. The documentary filmmaker should seek a fulcrum between the non-invasion of privacy, the non-interference with the victim and the invasion of privacy, and the interference with the subject. To maintain the balance between the two, so that we can not only respect the rights of the subject, but also let the audience enjoy the right to know, because the best viewing state of the documentary is that the audience must be in a relative position with the person being filmed. Be able to relate to the subject. Therefore, in documentary shooting, we call for humanistic concern, expect the producer to respect the object of filming, documentary making should pay attention to authenticity, at the same time, to ensure that the political direction is correct, reduce the mental and physical injury to the target. At the same time, it can reduce the visual injury to the audience, deal with the relationship between the documentary makers, the filmmakers and the audience, ensure the smooth shooting of the documentary and achieve the ultimate purpose of shooting.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J952;B82-05

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