美国新黑色电影研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 13:53

本文选题：美国新黑色电影 + 两性形象　；参考：《南京师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：黑色电影在美国电影史上占据着非常重要的位置,二十世纪六、七十年代好莱坞涌现的新黑色电影不但继承了它的精髓,而且在此基础上发展了属于自己的新的风格特征。它直指社会与人性中的黑暗面,能让观众更加清醒地认识人类本身存在的诸多问题,从而表达出对人类精神困境的关注。新黑色电影的兴起,与美国当代政治、经济、文化发展息息相关。复杂多变的政治、经济环境,以及不断完善的文化环境成为孕育它的沃土。与此同时,电影业内部的变革也为它的产生与发展奠定了基础,电影科技的飞速发展、电影创作环境的变更与电影制作者的努力,都为新黑色电影的诞生打通了道路。新黑色电影中的男性主人公具有反英雄的特征,他们是城市中的独行者,既无法拯救自己,也无法拯救他人。有时他们会不幸沦为黑暗世界的牺牲品,甚至正义与邪恶之间的界线在他们身上也变得十分模糊。其中的女性角色显得无足轻重,只有寥寥几部重现了黑色电影中蛇蝎美女的形象,其更多的体现了主流价值观中对女性的定位。新黑色电影的视觉风格和叙事风格也别具特色,它往往采用低调摄影的手法,用色彩来承担影片的表意功能。非线性叙事和主观化叙事则是其主要的叙事手法。新黑色电影中的存在主义为这些影片打下了深厚的哲学基础,有些影片探讨了存在与本质的关系,指明了人只有经过不断地自由选择并承担起相应的责任,才能真正拥有人的本质。新黑色电影也表现出孤独、荒诞、异化等人类普遍的存在状态。
[Abstract]:Black film occupies a very important position in the history of American film. The new black film emerged in Hollywood in the 1960s and 1970s not only inherited its essence, but also developed its own new style characteristics. It directly refers to the dark side of society and human nature and can make the audience more soberly understand the problems existing in human beings and thus express their concern for the plight of the human spirit. The rise of the new black film is closely related to the development of contemporary American politics, economy and culture. The complex and changeable political, economic and cultural environment became fertile ground for it. At the same time, the changes within the film industry also laid the foundation for its emergence and development. The rapid development of film science and technology, the change of the film creation environment and the efforts of the filmmakers have all opened the way for the birth of the new black film. The male characters in the new black film are anti-hero. They are alone in the city and can neither save themselves nor save others. Sometimes they fall victim to the dark world, and even the line between good and evil becomes blurred. Among them, the female characters seem insignificant, only a few reappear the image of the beautiful woman in the black film, which more embodies the mainstream values of the positioning of women. The visual style and narrative style of the new black film are also unique. It often adopts the technique of low-key photography and uses color to assume the ideographic function of the film. Nonlinear narrative and subjective narrative are the main narrative techniques. Existentialism in the new black films laid a deep philosophical foundation for these films, some of which explored the relationship between existence and nature, indicating that people have to choose freely and assume corresponding responsibilities. In order to truly own the essence of human beings. New black films also show loneliness, absurdity, alienation and other universal human existence.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J905

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