电影“银翼杀手”中的齐泽克式主体性问题研究

发布时间：2018-08-25 18:07

【摘要】：本论文主要采用著名文化理论家齐泽克的主体性理论对经典科幻电影《银翼杀手》进行分析和解读。通过给出齐泽克对主体性概念的追溯和串联,从笛卡尔的我疑到形而上主体再到精神分析的死亡驱力,本文认为《银翼杀手》这部电影的首要关切是主体性问题,并且从主体性概念的不同角度论证了复制人完全符合齐泽克的主体概念,从而为引出主体性问题的重要意义做了铺垫。随后,通过对《银翼杀手》作为黑色电影和赛博朋克体裁的特征进行分析,指出该电影描绘了一个幽闭压抑和患妄想症的世界,也是一个后现代文化多元的世界,人们(以塞巴斯蒂安为典型代表)过着一种无反思、机器人般的生活。接下来,本文考察了泰瑞尔博士这一角色,作为一个淫秽父亲,他体现了当今社会父权的衰落,理性大他者不复存在的境况。通过将复制人的主体性与精神分析的死亡驱力相联系,复制人领袖看似残酷谋杀泰瑞尔博士的这一行为,获得了新的阐释,揭示了主体性的重要意义——作为对抗压抑的象征界的唯一武器,为新的象征秩序的开辟提供了路径支持。因此这部电影完全可以看作对晚期资本主义社会人类完全沉浸在追求快感的世界中而全然不知的一种讽刺,当然这部电影也可以乐观的看成任何对人类意识的控制都必将失败,但最符合齐泽克思想的是一种悲观的解读:这部电影是人们的一个幻想,电影中的情节实现了后现代社会人们的无意识欲望,即建立一个新的象征界,但却在现实中无需做出任何行动,继续生活在意识形态之中,这也是为什么这部电影成为经典的原因之一。经典科幻电影《银翼杀手》故事发生的时间是2019年,虽然电影中很多科技尚未实现,但我们当今所处的风险与危机并存的社会正在逐步接近电影里所描绘的那个后工业废墟。大他者的倒塌造成了当今社会的各种困境和潜在的危险。因此,结合齐泽克的主体性理论,重新解读这部电影变得十分有意义,能够为我们走出现实困境提供宝贵的启示。
[Abstract]:This thesis mainly uses the subjectivity theory of famous cultural theorist Zizek to analyze and interpret the classic sci-fi film Silver Wing Killer. By giving Zizek's tracing and concatenation of the concept of subjectivity, from Descartes' own doubt to metaphysical subject to the death drive of psychoanalysis, this paper holds that the main concern of the film "Silver Wing Killer" is subjectivity. And from the different angle of subjectivity concept, the author demonstrates that the replicator completely accords with the subject concept of Zizek, thus paving the way for the important significance of leading to the subjectivity problem. Then, by analyzing the characteristics of "Silver Wing Killer" as a black film and cyberpunk genre, it is pointed out that the film depicts a world of claustrophobia and paranoia, as well as a world of postmodern cultural diversity. People (typically Sebastian) live a life of no reflection and robots. Next, this paper examines the role of Dr. Terrell, who, as an obscene father, reflects the decline of patriarchal power and the absence of the rational other in today's society. By associating the subjectivity of replicators with the death drive of psychoanalysis, the replicator leader's seemingly brutal murder of Dr. Tyrell has been reinterpreted. It reveals the importance of subjectivity as the only weapon against the repressive symbolic realm and provides the path support for the opening up of a new symbolic order. So this film can be seen as a satire completely lost in the pursuit of pleasure in the late capitalist world, and of course it is optimistic that any control of human consciousness will fail. But what is most in line with Zizek's thought is a pessimistic interpretation: this film is a fantasy, and the plot in the film realizes the unconscious desire of people in post-modern society, that is, to establish a new symbolic world. But there is no need to do anything in reality, continue to live in ideology, which is one of the reasons why the film became a classic. The classic sci-fi film "Silver Wing Killer" takes place in 2019, and while much of the technology in the film has yet to be realized, we are now living in a society of risk and crisis that is nearing the post-industrial ruins depicted in the film. The collapse of the other has created various dilemmas and potential dangers in today's society. Therefore, combining Zezek's subjectivity theory, rereading the film becomes very meaningful, and can provide us with valuable inspiration to get out of the difficult situation.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J905

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