美国“真理喜剧”的文化研究
发布时间：2018-10-05 13:35
【摘要】：“真理喜剧”是上世纪九十年代末兴起于欧美电视界的情景喜剧分支类型。现在,它与多机拍摄的传统室内情景喜剧、单机拍摄的多场景情景喜剧一起,构成了欧美情景喜剧的三大样式。由于“真理喜剧”在当下电视类型的横向混杂发展趋势中具有代表性,再加之它与表演/真实这一现代社会文化核心的密切勾连,为我们理解后现代语境下,电视类型是如何演进,如何与诸文化因素发生关系,如何重塑受众对媒介以及现代生活的认识,提供了理想案例。 本文采用话语类型观对“真理喜剧”进行研究。将“真理喜剧”这种类型创新不仅视为结果,而且视为进程,不仅视为经验,而且视为实践。以类型发展的文化进程为研究基础,通过对大量与类型相关的话语事件及其之间配置关系的正确描述来统观“真理喜剧”这一类型创新的源流、进程以及走向趋势,梳理了美国真理喜剧的话语谱系。继而,笔者又从“真理喜剧”文本特征、表演风格、文化价值这三个层面具体探讨了“真理喜剧”的类型特征与文化因素之间相互作用的动态关联。 从文本特征上看,“真理喜剧”是充斥着裂隙的“生产者式”文本。文本裂隙,于文本的静态层面而言,体现为戏仿的矛盾性、互文召唤性以及多重意义的并呈；于实践的动态层面而言,体现在戏仿的参与、互文解读行为以及多元意义的生产。“真理喜剧”喜剧性的发挥依赖于观众具有探索性和抵抗性的观察式阅读,观众通过这种阅读方式所获的也是超越顺从意味的大众快感。 .“真理喜剧”的表演区别于传统情景喜剧,具有明显的镜头在场意识与“即兴”风格特征。演员与角色之间时而合一,时而间离的动态关系使得文本在真实与虚构之间游移,观众在对这种游离关系的辨识与判断的过程中获得快感,同时生产出多样化的文本意义。 从价值层面思考,“真理喜剧”从内容到形式上都契合了当下怀疑主义的文化心理,解构了媒介的权威性与合法性,揭示了媒介以及当代社会的表演性。同时,“真理喜剧”也对“大众式”的抵抗行为进行了反思,肯定了解构行为的进步性,但对其彻底的颠覆、解放功能持保留态度。这也是对“真理喜剧”媒介产品的属性与解构媒介姿态之间所存在矛盾的自反式思考。 总之,“真理喜剧”的类型样式革新体现出对表演与真实的关系这一核心文化命题的关注,打通了文本与人日常生活的隔。“真理喜剧”于题材内容和类型样式上对现代人文化心理的双重呼应,也正是对于我国情景喜剧发展的最大启发。
[Abstract]:Truth comedy is a kind of sitcom branch that rose in European and American television in the late 1990's. Now, it is combined with traditional indoor sitcoms and multi-scene sitcoms, which constitute the three styles of European and American sitcoms. Because "Truth Comedy" is representative in the development trend of the transversely mixed development of the current TV type, coupled with its close connection with the core of modern social culture, performance / reality, we can understand the post-modern context. How the TV type evolves, how to relate to various cultural factors, how to reshape the audience's understanding of the media and modern life, provides an ideal case. This paper studies Truth Comedy by using the discourse type view. This type of innovation is regarded not only as a result, but also as a process, not only as experience, but also as practice. On the basis of the cultural process of type development, through the correct description of a large number of discourse events related to type and the relationship between them, the source, process and trend of the innovation of "truth comedy" are discussed. Combing the American truth comedy discourse pedigree. Then, the author probes into the dynamic relationship between the types of "truth comedy" and the cultural factors from three aspects: text characteristics, acting style and cultural value. In terms of textual features, Truth Comedy is a producer text full of cracks. The text fissure, in the static aspect of the text, is embodied in the contradiction of parody, the intertextuality of calling and the multi-meaning and presentation; in the dynamic aspect of practice, it is embodied in the participation of parody, the interpretation of intertextuality and the production of multiple meanings. The comedy of truth depends on the exploratory and resistant observational reading of the audience, through which the audience acquires the public pleasure beyond the submissive meaning. . The performance of Truth Comedy is different from that of traditional sitcoms and has the characteristics of scene consciousness and improvisation. The dynamic relationship between actors and characters sometimes makes the text move between truth and fiction. The audience obtains pleasure in the process of identifying and judging this kind of dissociated relationship and produces a variety of textual meanings at the same time. Considering from the value level, "Truth Comedy" accords with the cultural psychology of current skepticism in terms of content and form, deconstructs the authority and legitimacy of the media, and reveals the performance of the media and the contemporary society. At the same time, "Truth Comedy" also reflects on the resistance of "mass", affirms the progressive nature of deconstruction, but has reservations about its subversion and liberation function. This is also a reflexive reflection on the contradiction between the attributes of media products and the deconstruction of media postures. In a word, the innovation of the style of "Truth Comedy" reflects the concern of the core cultural proposition of the relationship between performance and reality, and clears the gap between the text and people's daily life. "Truth Comedy" echoes the cultural psychology of modern people in terms of content and type of subject matter, and it is also the greatest inspiration for the development of sitcoms in China.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J905
本文编号：2253586
[Abstract]:Truth comedy is a kind of sitcom branch that rose in European and American television in the late 1990's. Now, it is combined with traditional indoor sitcoms and multi-scene sitcoms, which constitute the three styles of European and American sitcoms. Because "Truth Comedy" is representative in the development trend of the transversely mixed development of the current TV type, coupled with its close connection with the core of modern social culture, performance / reality, we can understand the post-modern context. How the TV type evolves, how to relate to various cultural factors, how to reshape the audience's understanding of the media and modern life, provides an ideal case. This paper studies Truth Comedy by using the discourse type view. This type of innovation is regarded not only as a result, but also as a process, not only as experience, but also as practice. On the basis of the cultural process of type development, through the correct description of a large number of discourse events related to type and the relationship between them, the source, process and trend of the innovation of "truth comedy" are discussed. Combing the American truth comedy discourse pedigree. Then, the author probes into the dynamic relationship between the types of "truth comedy" and the cultural factors from three aspects: text characteristics, acting style and cultural value. In terms of textual features, Truth Comedy is a producer text full of cracks. The text fissure, in the static aspect of the text, is embodied in the contradiction of parody, the intertextuality of calling and the multi-meaning and presentation; in the dynamic aspect of practice, it is embodied in the participation of parody, the interpretation of intertextuality and the production of multiple meanings. The comedy of truth depends on the exploratory and resistant observational reading of the audience, through which the audience acquires the public pleasure beyond the submissive meaning. . The performance of Truth Comedy is different from that of traditional sitcoms and has the characteristics of scene consciousness and improvisation. The dynamic relationship between actors and characters sometimes makes the text move between truth and fiction. The audience obtains pleasure in the process of identifying and judging this kind of dissociated relationship and produces a variety of textual meanings at the same time. Considering from the value level, "Truth Comedy" accords with the cultural psychology of current skepticism in terms of content and form, deconstructs the authority and legitimacy of the media, and reveals the performance of the media and the contemporary society. At the same time, "Truth Comedy" also reflects on the resistance of "mass", affirms the progressive nature of deconstruction, but has reservations about its subversion and liberation function. This is also a reflexive reflection on the contradiction between the attributes of media products and the deconstruction of media postures. In a word, the innovation of the style of "Truth Comedy" reflects the concern of the core cultural proposition of the relationship between performance and reality, and clears the gap between the text and people's daily life. "Truth Comedy" echoes the cultural psychology of modern people in terms of content and type of subject matter, and it is also the greatest inspiration for the development of sitcoms in China.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J905
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