简论传统匾额的社会功能与文化价值

发布时间：2018-02-02 23:14

本文关键词： 匾额内涵功能价值　出处：《重庆师范大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 匾额是中华民族传统文化的重要载体之一,是中国特有的一种文化符号,它与我国人民的政治文化生活息息相关,凡是有中国传统建筑的地方,都能看到它的身影。历史上,官方和民间的盛事,多以匾额记述和宣扬:如建筑物的落成、功德节操的旌表、商号店铺的开张等,都要举行隆重的悬匾或揭匾仪式。匾额由自己悬挂、上方所赐、下属敬献、平常人互相赠送,这一上一下、一送一迎总是有缘由的。送匾者大都不惜重金求名人书写,并请高级工匠镌刻,油漆贴金,要求工艺非常严格。许多著名书法家的作品,由于镌刻在匾额上而得以流传下来。如果把不同时期的各类匾额排列起来,就是一部洋洋大观的书法通史。人们对匾额文化的如此热衷,至少表明匾额是有着特殊功能的。于是,讨论匾额的功能便有着十分重要的意义了。许多匾额都有其辉煌的背景和耐人寻味的故事,集中反映着当时的历史和社会时尚。匾额上的文字大多出自哲人、书家之手,精练凝重,寓意深邃,具有强烈的艺术感染力,给人以深刻启迪,它具有教化的作用。表扬节操风范的匾额令人肃然起敬,激发向往奋进之情;祝愿鸿福昌盛的匾额让人感到前程远大,希望无限;阐述教义的匾额使人心目了然,切中肯綮;揭示哲理的匾额使人大彻大悟,茅塞顿开;写景状物的匾额或韵味清新,或气势雄伟,令人流连忘返;言志抒情的匾额或慷慨激昂,或婉转细腻,教人感同身受,浮想联翩。其写景状物、叙事绘景、言衷抒怀、写意遣情,无不寓意深邃而音逸弦外。悬于宅门则端庄典雅,置于厅堂则蓬荜生辉。作为人居环境的符号,匾额既承载着人生哲学、道德文章、襟怀志向和爱好缘由,又折射出户主的社会地位、身份和意趣。匾额集文学、书法、雕刻、印章、装饰、漆艺、建筑等多种艺术门类于一体,是中国传统艺术的浓缩升华和集中体现,具有多方面的文化艺术价值。建筑物内外挂饰匾额是汉字文化圈内所特有的一种文化现象,自秦汉到明清,直至当代,仍广泛流传。在今天匾额仍具有历史佐证价值、学术研究价值、装饰实用价值、艺术鉴赏价值、商贸广告价值。它与其他文化形态相结合,形成了独特的中国匾文化。这种文化,经历了漫长的演变发展过程,形式亦由单一而渐呈多样;重视研究与批判继承中国匾文化,具有重要的现实意义。总之匾额文字所表达的理念是中国传统核心价值观的集中体现,具有着重要的社会功能和科学艺术价值。
[Abstract]:Plaque is one of the important carriers of Chinese traditional culture, is a unique cultural symbol of China, it is closely related to the political and cultural life of our people, where there is Chinese traditional architecture. In history, the official and folk events are recorded and publicized by plaques, such as the completion of buildings, the parade of meritorious deeds, the opening of shops and so on. All must hold the grand hanging plaque or unveiling the plaque ceremony. The plaque by oneself hangs, above gives, subordinates presents, ordinary people give each other, this one goes up and down. There is always a reason to send a handout. Most of the people who give the plaque ask for celebrity writing at great cost, and ask senior craftsmen to inscribe, paint and affix gold. The craftsmanship is very strict. Many famous calligraphers' works. The inscription on the plaque has been handed down. If the plaques of different periods are arranged, it is an overbearing general history of calligraphy. People are so keen on the plaque culture, at least show that the plaque has a special function. So. It is of great significance to discuss the function of the plaque. Many plaques have their brilliant background and intriguing stories, which reflect the history and social fashion of the time. Most of the characters on the plaque are from philosophers, calligraphers, concise and dignified, profound moral, with a strong artistic appeal, giving people profound inspiration. It has the function of enlightenment. Praise the style of the plaque to make people respect, stimulate yearning for the feelings of Endeavour; Wish Hongfu prosperity of the plaque let people feel a great future, hope unlimited; The inscription board that elaborates the doctrine makes one's mind clear and the key to the heart. Reveal the philosophy of the plaque so that people fully understand, Mao Seitong; Write the stele of the landscape or fresh flavor, or grand momentum, people forget to return; The inscription board of words and aspirations is impassioned or graceful and delicate, teaching people to feel the same feelings and to connect with imagination. Its writing features, narrative scenes, words and expressions, freehand feelings. It is elegant and elegant to hang in the door of the house. As a symbol of the living environment, the plaque not only carries the philosophy of life, moral articles, mind ambition and love reason. It also reflects the social status, identity and interest of the head of household. The plaque is a collection of literature, calligraphy, sculpture, seal, decoration, lacquer art, architecture and other art categories in one, is a concentrated and concentrated embodiment of Chinese traditional art, with a variety of cultural and artistic value. The inscription plaque inside and outside the building is a unique cultural phenomenon in the cultural circle of Chinese characters, which is still widely spread from the Qin and Han dynasties to the Ming and Qing dynasties until the present age. Today the plaque still has historical value, academic research value, decorative practical value, art appreciation value, commercial advertising value. It is combined with other cultural forms. Formed a unique Chinese plaque culture, this culture, experienced a long process of evolution and development, but also from a single and gradually diverse forms; It is of great practical significance to attach importance to research and criticism and inherit Chinese plaque culture. In a word, the idea expressed by the inscription is a concentrated embodiment of Chinese traditional core values and has important social function and scientific and artistic value.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：G122

【引证文献】