美国“玛格南图片社”（Magnum Photos）现象研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 04:05

本文选题：“玛格南图片社”　切入点：新闻摄影　出处：《河南大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： “玛格南图片社”一直在倡导写实主义的摄影风格。它强调的是对客观世界的映现,深入人类的生存实际,真正的了解并尊重被摄对象,不虚构、不粉饰、不夸张,以抓拍的方式再现真实的场景。因此,玛格南的摄影作品大多都是纪实性的。今天,我们已经处于被视像所构置的光怪陆离的景象全面包围的世界,各种机械复制的视像,如图片、广告、电影、电视、电脑、DV、VCD、DVD等仿真图景可谓是已到了泛滥成灾的地步,视像在不断地繁衍增殖、曲变扩延,形成了当代文化的视像的内爆。与以印刷文化为主的重文字的传统文化不同,当代人的文化感知和接受更多地依赖于仿真的视像。进入信息技术时代或后工业社会以来,数字信息处理技术在使传统的摄影、电影、录音、电视等不断升级换代的同时,发明了电脑及互联网,使机械复制的文化生产与传播步入到了一个令人惊叹不已的高科技发展阶段。这些巨大的变化,创生出与传统全然不同的文化生产和传播方式,从根本上改变了人类的文化生存状态,改变了人类的文化感知、文化体验和文化想象的方式,同时也改变了人类文化价值的指向。在信息化、全球化的时代背景下,玛格南图片社的传统摄影理念受到了巨大冲击,数字化技术不断影响和改变着当代新闻摄影的未来走向。首先,在图像化时代的影像传播环境中,新闻摄影成为了新闻媒介中最为活跃的传播手段。优秀的新闻图片简洁直观、一目了然,大大提高了新闻信息传播的速度和效率;它突破了语言的障碍,适应了全球化背景下跨文化传播的需求。其次,影像电子化为新闻摄影工作者提供了一个绝好的机遇,它打破了媒体的垄断,建立起一个技术壁垒。第三,新闻摄影的技术得到了扩展。媒体的图像化导致了版面上照片表现形式的多样化,特写照片、插图照片、设计摄影、人物肖像、环境人物肖像、图片故事等报道形式的兴起和繁荣,不仅丰富了新闻摄影的表现形式,也对摄影师的拍摄技术技巧提出了新的要求。第四,新闻摄影表现形式的多元化和个性化。以中国的新闻摄影为例,许多新闻摄影工作者,特别是年轻一代的作品,西方新闻摄影的审美已被中国人所了解、接受和运用,逐渐成为我们摄影语言的有机组成部分,成为我国摄影多元化的一个重要标志。可以预见,会有越来越多的中国摄影师将通过了解、接受、掌握和运用这些摄影语言,在国内更好地传达信息,在国外更好的与西方主流文化交流。此外,年轻一代的新闻摄影师,在拍摄上越来越个性化,拍出来的照片是别人无法模仿的,有着非常独特的想法、手段和眼光。
[Abstract]:Magnum has been advocating a realistic photographic style. It emphasizes the reflection of the objective world, the reality of human existence, the true understanding of and respect for the subject, not fiction, no whitewash, no exaggeration, no exaggeration, no exaggeration. As a result, Magnum's photographic works are mostly documentary. Today, we are in a world completely surrounded by the bizarre images constructed by the video, and all kinds of mechanically copied videos, such as pictures, advertisements, movies, television, computer DVDs and VCD-DVDs, have reached the point of flooding. The video is proliferating and expanding, thus forming the implosion of the visual image of contemporary culture, which is different from the traditional culture with the emphasis on the printed culture. The cultural perception and acceptance of contemporary people depend more on the visual simulation. Since entering the information technology era or post-industrial society, the digital information processing technology has made the traditional photography, film, sound recording, television and so on constantly upgraded. With the invention of computers and the Internet, the cultural production and dissemination of mechanical reproduction has entered an amazing stage of high-tech development. These tremendous changes have created ways of cultural production and communication that are completely different from traditional ones. It has fundamentally changed the living state of human culture, changed the way of human cultural perception, cultural experience and cultural imagination, but also changed the direction of human cultural value. Under the background of information technology and globalization, the traditional photography idea of Magnum Photo Agency has been greatly impacted. Digital technology is constantly influencing and changing the future trend of contemporary news photography. In the image communication environment of the image age, news photography has become the most active means of communication in the news media. Excellent news pictures are simple and intuitive, which can greatly improve the speed and efficiency of the dissemination of news information. It has broken through the language barrier and adapted to the needs of cross-cultural communication in the context of globalization. Secondly, the electronic image has provided a great opportunity for journalists, and it has broken the monopoly of the media. A technical barrier has been established. Thirdly, the technology of news photography has been expanded. The image of the media has led to the diversification of the presentation of photographs on the page, including close-up photos, illustrations, design photography, portraits, environmental portraits, The rise and prosperity of the reporting forms, such as photo stories, not only enriches the expression of news photography, but also puts forward new requirements for photographers' shooting techniques. 4th, The diversity and individualization of the forms of expression of news photography. Taking Chinese news photography as an example, many journalists, especially the younger generation, have learned, accepted and applied the aesthetics of Western journalism photography. It has gradually become an integral part of our photography language and an important symbol of the diversity of photography in our country. It can be predicted that more and more Chinese photographers will learn, accept, master and use these photography languages through understanding, accepting, mastering and using them. Better convey information at home, better exchange with mainstream Western culture abroad. In addition, the younger generation of news photographers are becoming more and more individualized in taking photos that others cannot imitate and have very unique ideas. Means and vision
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：G219.712

【引证文献】