近代旅馆业发展研究（1912-1937）

发布时间：2018-03-09 06:24

本文选题：近代　切入点：旅馆业　出处：《湖南师范大学》2011年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：旅馆是为公众提供住宿和其他服务的商业性建筑设施与机构的统称,近代旅馆业的兴起与发展是中国旅游发展进程中一个十分重要的现象。近年来,近代旅游史研究逐渐展开,但有关近代旅馆业的专题研究却并不多见。本文专注于在近代历史背景中探寻1912年至1937年旅馆业的发展脉络,结合历史学与旅游学、管理学的理论与方法,以典型企业经营实际和管理规则为样本,深入分析近代旅馆经营与管理特征及类型、等级和行业管理相关内容,以期能比较清晰地勾勒近代旅馆行业发展的全貌。全文除绪论、结语外,凡六章。绪论部分首先对旅馆的相关概念进行界定,回顾与分析了国内外的相关研究成果并提出了文章的选题意义与主要创新点,最后介绍本文的研究思路、资料与论文框架。第一章主要分析了近代旅馆业发展背景。近代旅馆业的发展与特定的历史环境相关。民国建立以后,社会经济的增长、人们收入的增加、交通事业的发展、近代城市的兴起、政府部门的推动、思想观念的开放等众多因素促进了近代旅馆业的发展。而世界旅游业、尤其是西式饭店对中国近代旅馆业产生了较大的影响。第二章主要论述了近代旅馆业的发展进程。近代旅馆业经历了初创、发展和繁盛三个阶段,其中,1912年至1918年是以西式饭店的仿效经营为主的初创时期,民族资本开始投资旅馆业,经营者着力于改进建筑设计、设施设备及服务项目；1919年至1927年间为发展时期,公寓、寄宿舍等长住型接待设施应运而生,新式旅馆在数量、规模都有较大的发展,旧式旅馆也不断提高服务质量,整个行业的发展水平提升；1928年至1937年间,国内涌现了一批规模宏大、设施一流、管理先进的民族资本投资和管理的旅馆企业,各地景区旅馆服务更加完善、公寓及交通旅馆发展迅速,整个行业实现了由传统旅馆业向近代旅馆业的转变。第三章主要讨论近代旅馆的服务、营销与管理。首先,近代旅馆已经由单一的住宿服务向综合功能发展。其次,采用了人员推销、价格策略、广告宣传等营销手段,营销理念呈现注重地址选择、旅馆名号等近代特征。再次,在管理上,许多新式旅馆建立公司制、制定了财务管理、人员管理、安全管理等相关制度,采用了较先进的管理方法。与此同时,涌现了一批专业管理经验丰富的高层管理人员。第四章是有关近代典型企业的个案分析。具体的企业管理实践更能反映管理思想,所以本文特地增加案例部分。首先,以国际饭店为分析对象,结合世界饭店业发展阶段解析其豪华型饭店的经营特征,认为国际饭店人本管理思想的经营特点与注重管理创新是成为30年代行业顶峰的主要原因；然后,文章继续考察最大的旅游企业集团——中国旅行社招待所业务的连锁经营,对连锁经营各种形式及形成的标准化管理特征进行了归纳和总结。以上个案分析,有助于近代旅馆企业经营管理研究内容的深入。第五章着重从旅馆的类型、等级与行业管理来勾勒近代旅馆行业的整体发展情况。文章对近代旅馆业发展过程中的旅馆类型、等级的各种标准进行了比较全面的梳理,并阐述了政府部门和行业组织两个层面的行业管理状况内容,分析了管理的方式、目的及作用,并初步探讨了旅馆企业发展和行业管理之间的互动关系。第六章是对近代旅馆经营管理思想的总结,包括旅馆的定义、属性与作用、旅馆的经营与管理、旅馆行业职业教育与人才培养、旅馆业道德伦理西方旅馆管理理论的介绍和评价等问题,认为随着行业的发展,近代旅馆管理思想不断丰富并已形成初步的理论体系。结语部分总结了全文的要点,即近代旅馆业在西式饭店的刺激带动下和中西式旅馆的探索中完成了传统旅馆业向近代旅馆业的转变过程。此外,对研究中的有待完善和深入的问题作了补充说明。
[Abstract]:The hotel is referred to as commercial building facilities and institutions to provide accommodation and other services for the public, the rise and development of modern hotel industry is a very important phenomenon in the process of China tourism development. In recent years, the study of modern tourism history gradually expanded, but the research about the modern hotel industry development is rare. This paper focuses on the exploration from 1912 to 1937 the hotel industry in the modern historical background, combining history and tourism, the theory and method of management, with the typical enterprise management and management rules for the sample, in-depth analysis of the characteristics and types of operation and management of modern hotels, relevant content management level and industry, in order to clear the outline of the development of modern hotel industry in the picture.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the six chapter, the introduction part first defines the relevant concepts of hotels, reviews and analyzes the relevant research results both at home and abroad, and puts forward the significance and main innovations of the article. Finally, it introduces the research ideas, materials and framework of this article.
The first chapter mainly analyzes the background of modern hotel industry development. The development of modern hotel industry is related to the specific historical environment. After the establishment of the Republic, the social and economic growth, people's income increases, the development of the transportation, the rise of the modern city, the government departments to promote the opening of many factors such as ideas to promote the development of modern hotel the world tourism industry. Especially, western style hotel has great influence on the Chinese modern hotels.
The second chapter mainly discusses the development of modern hotel industry. Modern hotel industry has experienced three stages of start-up, development and prosperity, which, from 1912 to 1918 is the start-up period to follow the western style hotel management, the national capital began to invest in the hotel industry, the operators to improve the architectural design, facilities and services; 1919 to 1927 years of development period, apartment, dormitory as occupied reception facilities came into being, in the number of new hotels, the scale has a larger development, the old hotel also continuously improve service quality, enhance the development level of the whole industry; from 1928 to 1937, the emergence of a number of large-scale, first-class facilities, the national capital investment advanced management and management of hotel enterprises, around the scenic hotel service more perfect, the development of apartments and hotel traffic quickly, the entire industry achieved by the traditional hotel industry to A change in the modern hotel industry.
The third chapter mainly discusses the modern hotel service, marketing and management. Firstly, the modern hotel has developed from single to comprehensive residential service function. Secondly, the marketing personnel, pricing strategies, advertising and other marketing methods, marketing concept has focused on address selection, hotel name and other modern features. Thirdly, in the management. Many new hotels the establishment of company system, formulate financial management, personnel management, system security management, using the advanced management method. At the same time, the emergence of a number of professional management experience of senior management staff.
The fourth chapter is the case analysis of representative enterprises. The specific practice of enterprise management can reflect the management thought, so this paper specially added some cases. First of all, to the international hotel as the research object, combined with the characteristics of the world hotel industry development stage the luxury hotel business, international hotel management features that humanism management with the emphasis on the innovation of management is become the main reason for the industry in 30s peak; then, this paper continue to study the largest tourism group - China Travel Hostel business chain, and summarizes various forms of chain operation and the formation of standardized management features. The analysis is helpful to the modern hotel business management research the content of the research.
The fifth chapter focuses on the hotel type, grade and industry management to outline the overall development of modern hotel industry. The development of modern hotels in the hotel, a variety of standard grades were compared comprehensively. And the government departments and industry organizations in two aspects of the management of industry content analysis the way of management, purpose and function, and discusses the interactive relationship between enterprise development and the hotel industry management.
The sixth chapter is about the modern hotel management idea are summarized, including the definition of the hotel, property and function, operation and management of the hotel, the hotel industry occupation education and personnel training, the problem of hotel industry ethics of Western Hotel management theory introduction and evaluation, believes that with the development of the industry, the modern hotel management thought enriched and has the formation of its theoretical system.
The conclusion summarizes the main points of this paper, that is, the modern hotel industry has stimulated the transformation of the traditional hotel industry to the modern hotel industry in the Western Hotel stimulating and Western Chinese hotel exploration. Besides, the problems that need further improvement and further research in the study have been complemented.

【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：F719

【参考文献】