论孙瑜电影与上海（1932-1935）

发布时间：2018-04-18 22:09

本文选题：孙瑜 + 电影　；参考：《东华大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 孙瑜是中国第一位在美国接受过正规高等电影教育的电影人,掌握了一套相对成熟、相对系统的电影知识。在艺术表现技巧上、对社会文化分析认识的能力上,达到了突出的高度。孙瑜的电影受到了社会的普遍欢迎,激起了巨大的社会共鸣。本文尝试通过对孙瑜及其电影的考察,还原1930年代上海社会文化的一些侧面。 1905年,科举制度废除。新式的教育,向社会输送了大批有新式知识的,具有独立思考能力的新知识青年。这些新知识青年中的少部分人,通过留洋而成为引领时代的人物。孙瑜是其中的佼佼者之一。从广义的范围来说,活跃于1930年代中国电影业的“国片复兴运动”和联华影业公司,是孙瑜在1930年代影艺生涯颠峰的时代背景和艺术平台。 1932到1934年,孙瑜编剧执导的六部堪称时代代表作的影片,都是历来公认的左翼电影。孙瑜的影片都具有鲜明的性别颠覆意味。他影片中的主人公和英雄人物,大多为年轻的女性,孙瑜却赋予了她们强烈的反叛个性或者是高尚的政治觉悟。突出了一种对于男权社会的颠覆,这是一种鲜明的左翼意识。具体到社会政治意识的角度来看,孙瑜的影片主要反映和传达了:反对帝国主义,尤其是日本帝国主义的意识;对阶级与性别双重压迫的反抗,以及将此种反抗与传统道德观的巧妙结合;强烈的社会问题意识;强调集体主义,而不是个人英雄主义的意识。近代中国的深刻历史使命,是构建现代-民族国家。而电影是一种被大量观众同时观看,并且远不止播放一次的艺术类型。在电影放映的同时,报刊杂志上,还会有广告、海报等等,如此构成了一个想象的共同体,这是构建民族国家的关键。孙瑜的每一部影片几乎都不忘记告诉观众:日本帝国主义的压迫,中华民族面临的危亡。通过活生生的故事,激发和唤醒观众们的民族主义意识。 1924年起中国掀起了国民革命的浪潮。1929年末开始了世界经济危机,全世界掀起了反思资本主义的左翼浪潮。日本的步步进逼,更是让全中国人民明白了迫在眉睫的外来侵略。革命和救亡的左翼意识,成了时代主题,中国共产党领导的左翼作家联盟此时亦应运而生。同时,国民党和国民政府,虽然在意识上反对的是阶级斗争,而其对抗日本侵略、反对帝国主义强加给中国的不平等条约、反对旧军阀的意识并未改变。孙瑜的影片采取了巧妙的生存策略。比如在影片中,将斗争对象设计为北洋军阀、农村中的黑恶势力。用惩恶扬善的传统道德模式,来阐发阶级斗争的内核。表面上巩固了国民政府的合法性,迎合了国民政府宏扬传统文化的理念,实际上深刻而又巧妙地表达了左翼思潮的内涵。
[Abstract]:Sun Yu is the first Chinese filmmaker who has received a formal higher education in the United States and has mastered a set of relatively mature and systematic film knowledge.In the artistic expression skill, to the social culture analysis understanding ability, has reached the outstanding height.Sun Yu's film was generally welcomed by the society, and aroused a huge social resonance.This paper attempts to restore some aspects of Shanghai's social culture in 1930's through the investigation of Sun Yu and his films.In 1905, the imperial examination system was abolished.The new education has sent a large number of new intellectual youth with new knowledge and independent thinking ability to the society.A small number of these new intellectual youth, by staying abroad to become the leading character of the times.Sun Yu is one of the best among them.In a broad sense, the "National Film Revival Movement" and the United China Film Company, which were active in the 1930s Chinese film industry, were the background and artistic platform of Sun Yu's peak film career in the 1930s.From 1932 to 1934, Sun Yu's six masterpieces of the times were recognized as left-wing films.Sun Yu's films have a clear gender subversion.Most of his heroes and heroes are young women, but Sun Yu gives them a strong rebellious personality or noble political consciousness.Highlight a subversion of the patriarchal society, which is a clear left-wing consciousness.From the point of view of social and political consciousness, Sun Yu's film mainly reflects and conveys: the consciousness of opposing imperialism, especially Japanese imperialism; the resistance to the double oppression of class and sex.And the ingenious combination of such resistance with traditional morality; a strong sense of social problems; an emphasis on collectivism rather than a sense of individual heroism.The profound historical mission of modern China is to build a modern-nation state.Film is an art type that is watched by a large audience and played much more than once.At the same time as the film is shown, there will be advertisements, posters and so on in the newspapers and magazines, thus forming an imaginary community, which is the key to the construction of a nation-state.Almost every Sun Yu film tells the audience that the Japanese imperialists are oppressing and the Chinese nation is in danger.Through the living story, arouse and awaken the audience's nationalism consciousness.Since 1924, China has set off a wave of national revolution. At the end of 1929, the world economic crisis began, and the world started a wave of reflection on the left wing of capitalism.Japan's advance, but also so that the entire Chinese people understand the imminent foreign aggression.The left-wing consciousness of revolution and salvation became the theme of the times, and the left-wing writers' alliance led by the Chinese Communist Party came into being.At the same time, the Kuomintang and the Kuomintang government, although they are ideologically opposed to class struggle, are opposed to the Japanese aggression, to the unequal treaties imposed by imperialism on China, and to the old warlords.Sun Yu's film adopted a clever survival strategy.For example, in the film, the object of the struggle is designed for the Northern warlords, the evil forces in the countryside.To expound the core of class struggle with the traditional moral model of punishing evil and promoting good.On the surface, it consolidated the legitimacy of the national government, pandered to the national government's idea of promoting traditional culture, and in fact expressed the connotation of left-wing ideological trend deeply and skillfully.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：J909.2

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