深圳市宝安区适龄人群无偿献血认知情况及影响因素调查分析

发布时间：2018-06-29 04:43

本文选题：无偿献血 + 问卷调查　；参考：《中国输血杂志》2017年05期

【摘要】：目的了解本地区适龄人群对无偿献血相关问题知晓情况及参与献血的意向,为开展无偿献血宣传招募新模式,制定新策略提供科学依据。方法 2015年10月-2016年8月自行设计调查问卷,采用随机、自愿、匿名方式对360名本区居民进行问卷调查,调查内容包括献血知识、获取路径、献血态度与行为等,利用epidata 3.1进行数据录入,SPSS 20.0进行数据分析。结果本调查共发出问卷360份,回收有效问卷234份,回收率65%,其中有献血经历者102份,无献血经历者132份。现场问卷调查显示有献血经历人群的大部分献血知识知晓率显著高于无献血经历群体(P0.05),特别在无偿献血优惠政策方面,2组人群的正答率差距更大(80.40%vs.50.0%)。在献血知识获得途径方面,居民更愿意学习更多知识的途径是电视和手机微信(均占20.55%),效果最差的末2项是报刊杂志及场地广告(2.47%、2.74%);而无献血经历人群最希望了解的献血知识则为血液生理知识(占25.55%)。在献血态度方面,有献血经历者的献血目的主要为奉献爱心帮助他人(占32.56%)、献血有益身体健康(占18.99%);而无献血经历不愿意参加献血主要原因为工作忙(16.75%)、献血地点不便利(9.57%)、献血会传染疾病(9.57%),而因媒体负面报道这一拒绝献血因素比例则最低(2.39%)。结论本血站在献血知识、政策宣传途径方面需要改进,加大血液生理知识内容宣传;调整血站采血地点及采血时间的设置,建立稳定有效献血宣传招募机制。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the knowledge of unpaid blood donation and its intention to participate in blood donation among people of appropriate age in this area, and to provide scientific basis for promoting and recruiting a new model and making new strategies for free blood donation. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was designed from October 2015 to August 2016. 360 residents in the district were investigated by random, voluntary and anonymous methods, including knowledge of blood donation, access to blood, attitude and behavior of blood donation, etc. SPSS 20.0 was used to carry out data analysis with epidata 3.1. Results A total of 360 questionnaires were sent out, 234 valid questionnaires were collected, and the recovery rate was 65. Among them, 102 had blood donation experience and 132 had no blood donation experience. The questionnaire survey showed that the awareness rate of most blood donation knowledge among people with blood donation experience was significantly higher than that without blood donation experience group (P0.05), especially in the preferential policy of free blood donation, the difference of positive response rate of the two groups was even bigger (80.40 vs.50.0%). In terms of ways to acquire knowledge of blood donation, The most popular way for residents to learn more knowledge was via TV and mobile phone WeChat (20.55%), the last two items with the worst effect were newspaper, magazine and site advertisement (2.474.74%), while the most desirable knowledge of blood donation was blood physiological knowledge (25.55%). Regarding the attitude of blood donation, The purpose of donating blood was mainly to give love and help others (32.56%), and blood donation was beneficial to health (18.99%), while the main reason for not willing to participate in blood donation was busy work (16.75%), place of blood donation was not convenient (9.57%), blood donation would be transmitted. The proportion of blood donation was the lowest (2.39%) because of negative media reports. Conclusion the blood donation knowledge and policy propaganda should be improved, the content of blood physiological knowledge should be propagated, the location and time of blood collection should be adjusted, and the recruitment mechanism of blood donation should be established.
【作者单位】：深圳市宝安区中心血站;
【基金】：深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20150402142435083)
【分类号】：R193.3

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