基于对外汉语教学的反问式应答语的考察与研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 19:08

本文关键词：基于对外汉语教学的反问式应答语的考察与研究　出处：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：反问句是一种在语言交际中使用非常频繁的句式。在既往的研究中,学者们对于反问句的语义、语用功能的研究也非常广泛。然而,这些研究多集中在会话结构的问句部分,对于反问式应答语,即：以一个反问句作为答语回应前一个问句的语言现象(此处的问句非狭义上的疑问句,而是广义的引发语范畴),其研究却十分鲜见。笔者认为仅仅研究反问句作为问答系统的问语是不够的,因为答语亦是会话结构中的重要组成部分。不同的反问句应答方式有什么不同的表达作用；同一结构形式的反问句应答方式在不同的语境下有什么不同的话语功能,这些都是需要研究的问题。因此,本文借助260万的口语体语料,对反问句作为应答语的结构形式、语义、语用功能等进行分析,旨在运用语用学、会话结构等理论对这一现象进行阐释。首先,笔者在综述学界对反问句研究的基础上,对对外汉语教学大纲中出现的反问式应答语进行了分类,利用笔者自建的口语语料库,从语义、语用等角度对其考察分析,得出结论：反问句作为应答语时,表面看起来违背了“合作原则”,其实质是为了保证交际活动的顺利进行。使用反问式应答语,是说话者深层言语目的的表现,是受语境、语用以及引发语等影响和制约的。最后,笔者依托语料中的超过10%比例的反问式应答语作为考察对象,以中高级水平汉语学习者为受测对象,考察学生对该知识点的习得情况并进行分析,从而对教材编写和教学提出建议。
[Abstract]:Rhetorical question is a kind of sentence structure which is frequently used in language communication. In previous studies, scholars have studied the semantic and pragmatic functions of rhetorical questions very widely. Most of these studies focus on the question part of the conversational structure. For rhetorical responders, that is, the linguistic phenomenon of using a rhetorical question as a response to the previous question (the question here is not a narrow interrogative sentence). It is a broad sense of the category of elicitor, but its research is very rare. The author thinks that it is not enough to study the rhetorical question as a question and answer system, because the answer is also an important part of the conversational structure. It is necessary to study the different utterance functions of the rhetorical response in the same structural form in different contexts. Therefore, this paper makes use of the 2.6 million colloquial corpus. This paper analyzes the structural forms, semantics and pragmatic functions of rhetorical questions as responders in order to explain this phenomenon by using the theories of pragmatics and conversational structure. First of all, on the basis of summarizing the research of rhetorical questions in academic circles, the author classifies the rhetorical responders in the syllabus of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and makes use of the oral corpus built by the author from the semantics. From the perspective of pragmatics and other aspects, it is concluded that rhetorical questions, as responders, seem to violate the "principle of cooperation" on the surface, and their essence is to ensure the smooth progress of communicative activities. It is the expression of the speaker's deep speech purpose, which is influenced and restricted by context, pragmatics and trigger language. Finally, the author relies on more than 10% proportions of rhetorical responses in the corpus as the object of investigation, taking the middle and advanced level Chinese learners as the subjects to investigate and analyze the acquisition of this knowledge point by the students. Therefore, some suggestions are put forward for the compilation and teaching of teaching materials.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195

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