日常言语交际中语用模糊话语的模糊性回应研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 05:36

本文关键词：日常言语交际中语用模糊话语的模糊性回应研究　出处：《江苏师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：语用模糊是日常言语交际中广泛存在的语言现象,多年来一直备受研究者的关注,相关研究涉及多个方面。但诸多研究都只是从说话者的角度单一的分析语用模糊的类型及语用功能,甚少有学者从听话者的角度研究语用模糊。研究发现,在某些语境条件下,为实现某一特定语用效果或目的,听话者会对说话者的语用模糊话语进行模糊性的回应,这种回应会影响交际的成功与否。本文在人际修辞原则的理论框架下,以美国电视连续剧《生活大爆炸》(1-6季)为语料来源,从中摘取了95段听话者对说话者语用模糊话语采取模糊性回应的片段作为研究语料,通过定性、定量相结合的研究方法,从听话者的角度对选取的语用模糊回应进行分析和研究,探讨这些模糊性回应语用策略的类别及其在日常言语交际中的交际功能。人际修辞原则主要包括反讽原则、逗乐原则、有趣原则和乐观原则。反讽原则指为了避免直接批评或指责对方而采取说反话的方式,既不违背礼貌原则,又能让对方推导出其中的反讽意味;逗乐原则指为了表达与对方的亲密关系而讲一些不真实或不礼貌的话语;有趣原则指将一些不可预知的话来引起对方的兴趣;乐观原则指遇事要乐观,因此将一些正面的话来宽慰对方。研究表明,听话者对说话者语用模糊话语的模糊性回应大致分为四类,共15种语用策略。即:表达反讽的模糊性回应包括抱怨、指责、警告、嘲讽和质疑;表达逗乐的模糊性回应包括调侃、否定和提供帮助;表达有趣的模糊性回应包括转移话题、委婉拒绝、夸张、委婉请求和解释;表达乐观的模糊性回应包括安慰和承认错误。听话者对说话者语用模糊话语的模糊性回应策略的交际功能可归纳为四个方面:使对话更流畅包括减小面子威胁的可能、维护交际双方的人际关系以及自我保护;制造幽默;缓和交际气氛包括缓和氛围以及缓和不快与尴尬的关系;增进人际关系。因此,受话者在日常言语交往中合理运用模糊性回应进行交际,能够掌握话语主动权,有利于实现交际目的。
[Abstract]:Pragmatic vagueness is a widespread linguistic phenomenon in daily verbal communication, which has attracted the attention of researchers for many years. However, many studies only analyze the types and functions of pragmatic vagueness from the perspective of the speaker, and few scholars study the pragmatic vagueness from the perspective of the hearer. In some contexts, in order to achieve a specific pragmatic effect or purpose, the hearer will respond vaguely to the speaker's pragmatic vague utterances. Under the theoretical framework of interpersonal rhetoric principles, this paper takes the American TV series "Big Bang Theory" (1-6 seasons) as the source of the corpus. From the study, 95 paragraphs of the hearer's fuzzy response to the speaker's pragmatic vague utterances are taken as the research data, and the qualitative and quantitative methods are used to study them. This paper analyzes and studies the selected pragmatic vague responses from the perspective of hearers. This paper probes into the categories of these vague response pragmatic strategies and their communicative functions in daily verbal communication. The interpersonal rhetoric principles mainly include the irony principle and the amusing principle. The principle of irony refers to the use of irony in order to avoid direct criticism or criticism of the other party, which does not violate the principle of politeness and allows the other party to deduce the irony of it. The principle of amusing refers to uttering untrue or impolite words in order to express the intimate relationship with the other party; The interesting principle is to use some unpredictable words to arouse the interest of the other party; The principle of optimism refers to the need to be optimistic, so that some positive words can be used to comfort the other side. The research shows that the vague responses of hearers to the utterances of pragmatic vagueness of the speaker can be divided into four categories. There are 15 pragmatic strategies: vague responses to irony include complaints, accusations, warnings, taunts and doubts; Vague responses to teasing include ridicule, negation and help; Expressing interesting fuzzy responses includes shifting the topic, euphemistically rejecting, exaggerating, euphemistically requesting and explaining; Vague responses to optimism include comforting and admitting mistakes. The communicative functions of the hearer's fuzzy response strategy to the speaker's pragmatic vagueness can be summed up into four aspects:. Making the conversation more fluid includes the possibility of reducing face threats. Maintain interpersonal relationships and self-protection between the two parties; Creating humor; Relaxation of communicative atmosphere includes relaxation of atmosphere and the relationship between unhappiness and embarrassment; Therefore, the addressee can master the initiative of utterance and realize the purpose of communication by using fuzzy response reasonably in daily verbal communication.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H030

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