汉英名词数范畴表现形式对比研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 08:14

本文关键词：汉英名词数范畴表现形式对比研究　出处：《湖北师范学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：数范畴是人类语言的基本范畴之一，名词作为表人、事物、抽象概念等名称，具有数的概念及范畴，不同的语言类型名词表数形式不同，如英语名词分为单复数，复数名词通过单数名词的屈折变化而来；而汉语除了“们”等少数复数形式标记外，名词的数普遍借助量词表达。除了“们”和量词，汉语名词的数还有多种表现形式，本文立足于现代汉英名词数的表达形式，对比两种语言名词数范畴的异同，并对其差异进行原因分析，为汉英翻译、二语习得和对外汉语教学提供参考。本文主要内容包括以下六个部分：第一章，绪论。首先介绍选题的缘由，界定本文的研究对象、目的、目标等；其次介绍本文研究的方法和内容。第二章，汉英名词数范畴研究回顾。首先对名词的定义及分类进行阐明；其次对范畴和数范畴的定义进行介绍；再对英语名词数范畴的研究进行回顾；并从有无数范畴说的角度对汉语名词数范畴研究进行回顾；从汉英量词对比角度和标记理论对比角度两个方面回顾前人对汉英名词数范畴对比研究的成果。第三章，汉英名词数范畴表现形式描述。分为两大部分：英语名词数范畴表现形式描述和汉语名词数范畴表现形式描述，着重并尽可能全面地描述汉语名词数范畴的表现形式。英语名词分为可数和不可数名词描述其数范畴；汉语从量词、“们”、名词复数专有的表现方式、以及借助形容词、动词、副词表现名词数等角度描述其数范畴，为对比奠定基础。第四章，汉英名词数范畴表现形式对比分析。从英语名词复数标记“s”与汉语名词复数标记“们”的对比，汉英数量结构表达异同的对比，，汉英名词数范畴整体性特征对比三大方面对汉英名词数范畴进行对比，尤其分析二者的差异性。第五章，汉英名词数范畴表现形式差异原因分析。从汉英文字的差异，汉英语言类型差异，汉英民族思维差异三大部分分析汉英名词数范畴差异的原因。第六章、结语。首先对本文内容进行概括并得出基本结论；其次指出本研究的创新之处和本研究的意义，最后指出本研究的不足之处及今后努力的方向。
[Abstract]:The number of categories is one of the basic categories of human language, as a noun, things, abstract concepts such as name, with the concept and the category number, type of language noun table number of different forms, such as the English noun is divided into plural, plural and singular nouns through inflectional change; and in addition to the "Chinese people" a plural marker, the number of nouns by means of universal quantifier expression. In addition to "men" and the number of Chinese Noun Classifiers, and various forms of expression based on the number of nouns in modern Chinese English, contrasting the differences between the two languages name words category, and the differences are analyzed, for Chinese English translation provide reference, two language acquisition and foreign language teaching.
The main contents of this paper include the following six parts:
The first chapter, introduction. First, it introduces the origin of the topic, defines the object of the study, the purpose, the goal and so on. Secondly, it introduces the methods and contents of this study.
The second chapter, the noun number category review. Firstly, the definition and classification of nouns are clarified; secondly the definition of category and category number are introduced; a further study of English noun number category were reviewed; and from a review of the study of Chinese noun number category numerous category theory from the two aspects of Chinese and English; quantifiers angle mark theory and comparative perspective review of achievements on comparative study of noun number category.
The third chapter describes the noun number category. Form is divided into two parts: the English noun number category form description and noun number category form description, and emphatically as this could take the form of a comprehensive description of Chinese noun number category. English nouns are divided into countable and uncountable nouns to describe the Chinese number category; from the quantifier, "men", plural proprietary forms, and with the help of adjective, verb, adverb noun number to describe the performance point number category, lay the foundation for the comparison.
The fourth chapter, the noun number category forms of comparative analysis. From the comparison of English plural mark "s" and Chinese plural markings "men", a number of structures to express the comparison of similarities and differences, in contrast to the overall characteristics of noun number category three to compare Chinese name words category, especially the analysis of the difference of two people.
The fifth chapter analyzes the reasons for the differences in the expressions between Chinese and English nouns. It analyzes the reasons for the difference between Chinese and English nouns in terms of the differences between Chinese and English, the differences between Chinese and English, and the differences between Chinese and English thinking. The three chapter is about the differences between Chinese and English nouns.
The sixth chapter is the conclusion. First, we summarize the contents of this paper and draw the basic conclusions. Secondly, we point out the innovation and significance of this research. Finally, we point out the shortcomings of this research and the direction of future efforts.

【学位授予单位】：湖北师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H314;H146

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