留学生汉语成语运用状况的考察与分析

发布时间：2018-01-15 10:24

本文关键词：留学生汉语成语运用状况的考察与分析　出处：《苏州大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：成语是华夏文化的结晶，高频率地出现在中国人日常的言语中。留学生对此也十分感兴趣，可以通过它了解多姿多彩的中国文化。但是成语和现代汉语不同，保留着古代文化的痕迹，所以留学生在学习过程中有一定难度，以致在使用时也会出现我们意料之外的偏误。所以结合已有的研究成果，我们首先通过搜集HSK动态作文语料库的留学生作文，统计出留学生使用成语的正确率，探究其语言学习的程度；接着将重点放在使用偏误的成语上，对这些偏误进行系统地分类，依次归纳，找出偏误的类型；然后对这些偏误按类分析，从主观和客观的角度进行探究，阐释出现偏误的缘由；最后，有的放矢地提出解决建议，为对外汉语成语教学找出更多方式。本文通过分析三百多条例句发现，，属于汉字文化圈的学生较平常地使用成语，尤其是新加坡的学生，而欧美学生则尽量不用。但是，这些例句中也有使用不正确的成语，我们把这些偏误分成形式、语义、语用和搭配四类偏误，最后从教材、教法、教学和工具书四方面提出可行的教学策略。
[Abstract]:Idioms are the crystallization of Chinese culture and appear frequently in Chinese daily speech. Foreign students are also very interested in this. They can understand the colorful Chinese culture through it, but the idioms are different from modern Chinese. The traces of ancient culture are preserved, so it is difficult for foreign students to study, so that there will be unexpected errors in their use. Therefore, combining the existing research results, we first collect the HSK dynamic composition corpus of foreign students composition, statistics the correct rate of foreign students using idioms, and explore the degree of language learning; Secondly, it focuses on the idioms of errors, classifies them systematically, induces them in turn, and finds out the types of errors. Then we analyze these errors according to the category, from the subjective and objective point of view to explain the causes of errors; Finally, some suggestions are put forward to find more ways for teaching Chinese idioms as a foreign language. Through the analysis of more than 300 examples, it is found that the students who belong to the Chinese character cultural circle use idioms more commonly, especially in Singapore, while students in Europe and the United States try not to use them as far as possible. We divide these errors into four types: form, semantics, pragmatics and collocation. Finally, we put forward feasible teaching strategies from the aspects of teaching materials, teaching methods, teaching methods and reference books.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195.3

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