英汉左偏置句式的句法语篇界面对比研究

发布时间：2018-01-23 04:53

本文关键词： 左偏置构式句法-语篇界面语篇功能话题化　出处：《上海外国语大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以英汉语中的左偏置句式为研究对象,比较其在两种语言中的句法形式和篇章功能的对应关系,认为句式与语体、文体关系密切,在语篇层面上,特定句式有着相应的语篇功能。语篇影响句式的构成,句式促进语篇的体现。不同的句式有着不同的语用价值,在篇章中起着不同的作用,篇章和句式相互制约。本文首先对英汉语左偏置句式进行句法形式描述,然后分析此句式在英汉语中的篇章功能,在此基础上进行对比研究。本文在乔姆斯基的转换生成句法理论、韩礼德的系统功能语法理论、对比语言学理论以及语料库语言学理论的基础上,提出了新的英汉左偏置句式的分析框架,得出结论是：左偏置句式在英汉两种语言中的句法—篇章界面规则既有基本对应的层面,也体现出差异性。其中,第一章简要介绍左偏置构式,提出本论文的研究目标和方法;第二章梳理英汉左偏置构式的研究成果,并提出尚未解决的问题;第三章引出本文采用的理论分析框架,着重对左偏置构式的特点和句法—篇章理论进行阐释,并提出左偏置构式具有句法—语篇特性;第四章利用书面语料分别对英语左偏置构式和汉语左偏置构式的句法特点进行探讨,考察汉语左偏置构式句法多样性的原因;第五章根据书面语料考察英汉左偏置构式的语篇功能共同点及其差异,并作出解释。第六章归纳和总结本论文的研究发现与研究意义,并提出需进一步研究的问题。本研究的创新之处在于：1.提出一种新的界定方法：将左偏置句型视为句法—语篇界面的一种构式;2.从句法—篇章层面研究左偏置句式,提出左偏置构式的前提词为语际指示词,其共指代词与所在的句子构成一个完整的符合语法惯例的句子左偏置构式本身同时兼具语篇和句法的重要功能,解释了左偏置构式的本质及其发生原因;3.以往学者认为,左偏置构式主要存在于口语之中,本论文试图研究英汉书面语中左偏置构式的特点与差异,认为在小说、戏剧和政治类文献中也存在左偏置句式,并利用自建小型语料库进行分析;4.以往学界一般把中英文左偏置构式看作是相同的句型,从类型学角度将英汉语的左偏置句式进行对比研究,而本文用语料证明左偏置构式在英汉两种语言中存在重要不同之处：汉语的左偏置构式在结构上更加灵活、多变,功能上也更加丰富。本论文对左偏置构式进行句法—语篇界面研究,为句法—篇章界面理论的构建提供了实证支持,该研究成果对于英语教学、人工和机器翻译等亦具有一定的学术价值和现实意义。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the left-biased sentence pattern in English and Chinese as the research object, compares its syntactic form and textual function in the two languages, and holds that the sentence pattern is closely related to style and style, and it is at the discourse level. Specific sentence patterns have corresponding textual functions. Discourse influences the formation of sentence patterns, and sentence patterns promote the embodiment of discourse. Different sentence patterns have different pragmatic values and play different roles in the text. Text and sentence structure restrict each other. This paper first describes the syntactic form of the left bias sentence in English and Chinese, then analyzes its textual function in English and Chinese, and then makes a comparative study on it. This paper makes a contrastive study on the syntactic theory of Chomsky's transformation. On the basis of Halliday's systemic functional grammar theory, contrastive linguistics theory and corpus linguistics theory, a new frame of analysis of left bias sentences in English and Chinese is put forward. The conclusion is that the syntactic and textual interface rules of the left bias sentence in both English and Chinese have both the basic corresponding level and the difference. The first chapter briefly introduces the left bias construction. Put forward the research goal and method of this paper; The second chapter reviews the research results of left bias construction in English and Chinese, and puts forward the unsolved problems. The third chapter introduces the theoretical framework used in this paper, focusing on the characteristics of the left bias and the syntactic text theory, and proposes that the left bias has the syntactic and textual characteristics. Chapter 4th discusses the syntactic characteristics of the left bias construction in English and the Chinese left bias construction in order to investigate the reasons for the syntactic diversity of the Chinese left bias construction. Chapter 5th examines the common features and differences between English and Chinese left-biased constructions according to the written materials. Chapter 6th summarizes and summarizes the research findings and significance of this thesis. Some problems need further study are put forward. The innovation of this study lies in the following aspects: 1. A new definition method is proposed: the left-biased sentence pattern is regarded as a construction of the syntactic discourse interface; 2. The left bias sentence is studied from the syntactic to textual level, and the premise word of the left bias construction is the interlingual deixis. The syntactic pronoun and the sentence constitute a complete sentence left bias which conforms to the grammatical convention and has the important functions of both text and syntax, which explains the essence of the left bias construction and the reason for its occurrence. 3. Previous scholars believe that the left bias mainly exists in spoken language. This thesis attempts to study the characteristics and differences of the left bias in English and Chinese written language, and holds that it is in the novel. There are also left-biased sentence patterns in drama and political literature, which are analyzed by using self-built small corpus. 4. In the past, scholars generally regarded Chinese and English left bias constructions as the same sentence patterns, and made a contrastive study of the left bias sentences in English and Chinese from the perspective of typology. This paper proves that there are important differences between English and Chinese in the left bias construction: the Chinese left bias construction is more flexible and changeable in structure. In this thesis, the syntax-discourse interface of left bias constructions is studied, which provides empirical support for the construction of syntactic discourse interface theory, and the research results are useful for English teaching. Artificial and machine translation are also of academic value and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146.3;H314.3

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