《官场现形记》成语研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 03:18

本文关键词： 《官场现形记》结构关系句法功能语义分析语用分析　出处：《西南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：晚清处在近代汉语和现代汉语的交替阶段,是近代汉语向现代汉语过渡的最关键时期,《官场现形记》是李宝嘉在晚清创作出来的一部白话章回小说。它主要用当时通行的共同语写的,又带有明显的方言色彩,集中体现了当时的语言面貌,时代性极强,是研究近代汉语的一部很有价值的语料。本文主要是对《官场现形记》中的成语从结构关系、句法功能、语义结构、语用四个方面进行全面细致的描写和分析。第一章,绪论。首先阐述选题意义,其次概述前人对成语及其《官场现形记》的研究状况,然后是语料的选择和研究方法。第二章,《官场现形记》成语的提取及溯源。本部分首先介绍了学术界对成语定义的不同观点,在此基础上提出我们界定成语的五个标准,并以此标准统计出《官场现形记》中的成语共333个。其次对《官场现形记》中出现的333个成语的来源情况进行溯源。第三章,《官场现形记》成语的结构关系。本文把成语的结构关系分为九个大类：联合关系、主谓关系、述宾关系、述补关系、偏正关系、连谓关系、兼语关系、紧缩关系、复句关系,并据此对《官场现形记》中成语的每一类结构关系进行细致的描写和分析。第四章,《官场现形记》成语的句法功能。本部分首先对《官场现形记》中成语的性质进行界定,然后对名词性成语、动词性成语和形容词性成语的句法功能进行描写,并对名词性成语直接作补语、动词性成语不带宾语的情况进行分析,并归纳其原因。第五章,《官场现形记》成语的语义分析。本部分把成语的语义类型分为两个大类,八个小类,运用述谓结构理论对《官场现形记》中的320个成语的语义深层结构进行全面细致的描写。第六章,《官场现形记》成语的语用分析。本部分从语用功能和语用效果两个方面对《官场现形记》中的成语进行语用分析,其中语用功能主要包括描述功能、引证功能和诠释功能,语用效果主要包括言简意赅、含蓄精辟、生动形象、音律和谐。第七章,结语。
[Abstract]:The late Qing Dynasty was in the alternating stage of modern Chinese and modern Chinese, which was the most critical period for the transition from modern Chinese to modern Chinese. "official appearance" is a vernacular Zhanghui novel written by Li Baojia in the late Qing Dynasty. It is mainly written in the common language of that time and has obvious dialect color, which embodies the language appearance of that time. Era is very strong, is a valuable study of modern Chinese corpus. This article is mainly about the idioms in official appearance from the structural relationship, syntactic function, semantic structure. The four aspects of pragmatics are described and analyzed in detail. The first chapter is the introduction. First, the significance of the topic is expounded, then the research status of idioms and their official appearance is summarized, and then the selection and research methods of corpus are introduced. In the second chapter, the extraction and tracing of idioms. Firstly, this part introduces the different views of the academic community on the definition of idioms, and then puts forward five criteria for defining idioms. According to this standard, 333 idioms in official appearance are counted, and then the origin of 333 idioms in official appearance is traced. In chapter three, the structural relationship of idioms is divided into nine categories: joint relation, subject-predicate relation, object relation, complement relation, biased relation and continuous predicate relation. On the basis of this, we describe and analyze each kind of structural relation of idioms in official appearance. Chapter 4th, the syntactic function of idioms in official appearance, first defines the nature of idioms in official appearance, and then defines the nominal idioms. This paper describes the syntactic functions of verb idioms and adjective idioms, and analyzes the situation that nominal idioms are directly used as complements, and verb idioms do not have objects, and the reasons are summarized. This part divides the semantic types of idioms into two categories, eight subcategories. The semantic deep structure of 320 idioms in official appearance is described in detail by the theory of predicate structure. Chapter 6th, the pragmatic analysis of idioms in official appearance, this part makes a pragmatic analysis of the idioms in official appearance from two aspects: pragmatic function and pragmatic effect. The pragmatic functions mainly include description function, citation function and interpretation function. Pragmatic effects mainly include concise, subtle, vivid image and harmonious rhythm. Chapter 7th, conclusion.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H136.3

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