“过来”“过去”的比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 11:23

本文关键词： 过来过去趋向动词不对称认知图景　出处：《复旦大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文运用句法语义学、认知语言学的基本概念和理论,讨论现代汉语趋向动词“过来”“过去”前的动词特点,考察了“过来”“过去”的语义特征和句式特点,并以认知语言学的“不对称”理论为基础,从语义角度对“过来”“过去”进行比较,最后用认知语言学认知图景理论对“过来”“过去”的区别进行解释。本论文分五个部分。第一章主要介绍课题研究的意义、研究综述、研究的理论背景和方法,并对语料的来源进行了说明。第二章主要研究了“过来”“过去”的语义。首先对“V过来”“V过去”结构中的V进行语义分类分析,接着从四个不同的认知域对“V过来”和“V过去”的语义特点进行重新分类。这四个认知域分别是空间域、时间域、状态域和结果域,本文的分类和以往最大的不同在于时间域。第三章主要研究了“过来”“过去”的句型特点和句式。本章以上一章归纳的语义类为句式划分的基础,对“过来”“过去”所在的句式进行分类,通过对句式特点的研究深入了解“过来”“过去”不同语义类的语义。在分类的同时,发现在特殊的认知域中表示不同的语义时,句式结构存在区别,做到了形式和意义的统一第四章对“过来”“过去”进行比较研究。首先运用“不对称”理论对“过来”“过去”的语义进行比较,在不同的认知域中对“过来”“过去”的“对称”“不对称”进行归纳。其次运用认知图景理论和隐喻,从认知图景凸显的激活要素与语义的关系角度对“过来”“过去”表空间义这个最主要的区别进行分析,同时从隐喻角度对表非空间义时的区别进行分析。最后是结语。整理和总结了本文讨论的内容,并指出本文研究中尚存在的不足和今后值得深入研究的问题。
[Abstract]:Based on the basic concepts and theories of syntactic semantics and cognitive linguistics, this paper discusses the characteristics of verbs before the verb "come" and "the past" in modern Chinese. This paper examines the semantic features and sentence patterns of the past, and compares the past with the past from the semantic point of view based on the theory of asymmetry in cognitive linguistics. Finally, the cognitive map theory of cognitive linguistics is used to explain the difference between "come" and "past". This paper is divided into five parts. The first chapter mainly introduces the significance of the research, the research review, the theoretical background and methods of the research, and explains the source of the corpus. The second chapter mainly studies the semantics of "come over" and "past". Firstly, it analyzes the semantic classification of V in the structure of "V over" and "V past". Then the semantic features of "V over" and "V past" are reclassified from four different cognitive domains, namely, spatial domain, time domain, state domain and result domain. The biggest difference between the classification of this paper and the past lies in the time domain. The third chapter mainly studies the sentence patterns and sentence patterns of "come" and "the past". The semantic categories summarized in this chapter are the basis of the classification of sentence patterns, and the sentence patterns of "past" are classified. Through the study of the characteristics of sentence patterns, we can deeply understand the semantics of different semantic classes of "come over" and "past". While classifying, we find that there are differences in sentence structures when different semantics are represented in special cognitive domains. Unity of form and meaning Chapter 4th makes a comparative study of "past" and "past". Firstly, it uses the theory of "asymmetry" to compare the semantics of "coming" and "past". The "symmetry" and "asymmetry" of "come over" and "past" are summed up in different cognitive domains. Secondly, cognitive map theory and metaphor are used. From the angle of the relation between the activation elements and the semantics of the cognitive map, this paper analyzes the most important difference between the meaning of "come" and "the past", and analyzes the difference of the non-spatial meaning of the table from the perspective of metaphor. Finally, the conclusion is given. The contents of this paper are summarized, and the shortcomings of this study and the problems worth further study are pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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