《商务馆学汉语词典》和《现代汉语词典》（第5版）借代义对比与研究

发布时间：2018-02-01 07:18

本文关键词： 《商务馆学汉语词典》《现代汉语词典》（第5版）借代义对比分析　出处：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文系统比较了《商务馆学汉语词典》（以下简称《学汉语》）和《现代汉语词典》（第5版）（以下简称《现汉》）所收的借代义的处理情况。主要结合《商务馆学汉语词典》中收录的借代义和《现代汉语词典》中的对应项的处理的异同来展开研究，着重探求便于理解和习得的借代义处理办法。关于汉语中的借代义的研究是从近三十年才开始的。在已有的研究中，多是针对内向型汉语词典借代义的释义及其所存在的释义问题，而对于借代义在对外汉语词典中的研究则是十分少见的，对外汉语词典中借代义如何释义的问题亟待研究。本文分为以下几个部分：第一章，绪论。说明选择借代义作为研究论题的原因，并且说明了对内向型汉语词典和外向型汉语学习词典的借代义处理进行比较研究的价值和意义，概括了既有研究中关于词典处理借代义的特点，并说明本文着重从便于读者理解和使用借代义的角度来观察相关现象的总体思路。第二章，《学汉语》和《现汉》借代义处理的异同。介绍了两部词典中借代义的基本情况，包括借代义收录范围和在借代义释义上的特点。然后以《商务馆学汉语》词典的借代义为基础分析两部词典对借代义释义的异同，并分析了产生这些异同的原因。就借代义的收录情况来看。一方面，《学汉语》收录的借代义范围较小，这有一定合理性，，但也有一定不足，与常见的高级汉语教材和学习材料中的借代义有所忽视。另一方面，《学汉语》也对近年来新产生的、使用频率较高的借代义义项加以收录，便于辞书使用者学习当代汉语。《学汉语》的借代义处理大部分与《现汉》一致，也有一定不同。其合理之处是更加注意借代义和其来源义的排序，更加重视借代义释义的便于理解的特点；其不足之处是，借代义提示语使用较少，个别地方来源义缺失，这显示《学汉语》尚不够成熟。第三章，根据两本词典的对比分析，得出了《商务馆学汉语词典》中借代义收录释义的特点，总结了这本词典在借代义收录和释义上的原则以及所存在的优势和不足，并针对不足之处给出建议。结语，总结全文，并提出尚待进一步深入研究的问题。
[Abstract]:This paper makes a systematic comparison between the Chinese Dictionary for Business Studies (hereinafter referred to as "Learning Chinese") and the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" (5th Edition). The processing of metonymy is mainly based on the similarities and differences between the metonymy included in the Chinese Dictionary for Business Studies and the corresponding items in the Modern Chinese Dictionary. Emphasis is placed on the processing of metonymy, which is easy to understand and acquire. The research on metonymy in Chinese has only started in the past 30 years. In the existing researches, it is mostly aimed at the interpretation of metonymy and its existing problems in an introverted Chinese dictionary. However, the study of metonymy in TCFL is very rare, and the problem of how to interpret metonymy in TCFL is urgent to be studied. This paper is divided into the following parts: The first chapter, introduction, explains the reason of choosing metonymy as the research topic, and explains the value and significance of comparative research on metonymy processing of introverted Chinese dictionary and extroverted Chinese learning dictionary. This paper summarizes the characteristics of dictionaries dealing with metonymy in existing researches, and explains the general idea of observing related phenomena from the perspective of convenience for readers to understand and use metonymy. The second chapter introduces the similarities and differences of metonymy processing between "Learning Chinese" and "present Han". It introduces the basic situation of metonymy in the two dictionaries. It includes the scope of metonymy collection and the characteristics of metonymy interpretation. Then it analyzes the similarities and differences between the two dictionaries on the metonymy interpretation based on the metonymy of the Business School Learning Chinese Dictionary. The reasons for these similarities and differences are analyzed. On the one hand, the scope of metonymy included in "Learning Chinese" is relatively small, which is reasonable, but also has certain deficiencies. On the other hand, Learning Chinese is also included in the new and frequently used meanings of metonymy in recent years. It is convenient for dictionary users to learn contemporary Chinese. The processing of metonymy in "Learning Chinese" is mostly consistent with "present Han", and it is different to some extent. It is reasonable to pay more attention to the sorting of metonymy and its source meaning, and pay more attention to the easy-to-understand characteristics of the interpretation of metonymy. The deficiency is that the metonymy cues are less used and the source meanings are missing in some places, which shows that learning Chinese is not mature enough. The third chapter, according to the comparative analysis of the two dictionaries, we get the characteristics of metonymy collection and interpretation in the Business School Learning Chinese Dictionary. This paper summarizes the principles, advantages and disadvantages of metonymy collection and interpretation in this dictionary, and gives some suggestions for its shortcomings. Conclusion, summing up the full text, and put forward further research issues.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H164

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