英语国家学生汉语介词的偏误分析

发布时间：2018-02-02 23:24

本文关键词： 英语国家学生在跟对从偏误分析　出处：《湖南师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：汉语的词汇总量非常多,分类相对来说比较细,这些特点给留学生带来了很多困难。相对于实词来说,虚词的数量是比较少的,但是虚词不容易掌握,出现偏误的情况较多。介词是虚词的一种,没有实在的意义,其句法位置、语法意义、来源、用法都很复杂,是汉语表示语法意义的主要手段之一。因此,介词在对外汉语教学中有着不容忽视的重要地位。本文专门针对英语国家学生介词使用偏误的现象进行细致的描述和分析,总结偏误出现的类型,以期能够发现他们介词使用偏误的规律和原因,希望对留学生介词的教学和教材编写有所帮助。我们选取常用介词“在”、“跟”、“对”、“从”作为研究对象,从句法和语义角度逐一进行详尽的描写,并在此基础上加以对比分析,最终尝试做出认知方面的解释。这4个介词在语义和用法上有交叉,英语国家学生在学习和使用过程中存在很多偏误现象,本文立足于对外汉语教学对其进行研究,期望有助于对外汉语介词教学。第一部分绪论介绍了本文的选题缘由、介词研究现状、语料来源、研究方法以及研究范围。第二到第五部分从英汉对比角度对介词“在”、“跟”、“对”和“从”进行了详细的分析和描写,并对母语为英语的留学生学习汉语介词“在”、“跟”、“对”和“从”时所出现的偏误进行了分析。第六部分从母语的负迁移、目的语规则的泛化以及教学中的不足等方面分析了产生偏误的原因。第七部分从对外汉语介词教学的角度出发,从教材、教师两个方面分别提出了几点教学建议。结语部分总结全文,并指出本文研究尚存在的问题。
[Abstract]:Chinese vocabulary is very large, the classification is relatively fine, these characteristics have brought a lot of difficulties to foreign students. Compared with the notional words, the number of function words is relatively small, but function words are not easy to master. The preposition is a kind of function word, which has no real meaning. Its syntactic position, grammatical meaning, source and usage are all very complicated, which is one of the main means of expressing grammatical meaning in Chinese. Prepositions play an important role in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. This paper is devoted to the detailed description and analysis of preposition errors in English speaking countries, and summarizes the types of errors in order to find out the rules and causes of preposition errors. It is hoped that it will be helpful to the teaching of prepositions and the compilation of textbooks for foreign students. We choose the common prepositions "Ze", "follow", "yes", "from" as the research object, and describe them one by one from the perspective of syntax and semantics, and make a comparative analysis on this basis. The four prepositions are intersected in semantics and usage, and there are many errors in the learning and use of these prepositions. This paper is based on the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language and hopes to help the teaching of Chinese prepositions as a foreign language. The first part introduces the reason of choosing this topic, the present situation of preposition research, the source of corpus, the research method and the research scope. The second to 5th analyses and describes the prepositions "Ze", "Li", "yes" and "from" from the perspective of English-Chinese contrastive analysis, and gives a detailed analysis and description of the prepositions "Zai" and "follow" for foreign students whose mother tongue is English. This paper analyzes the errors in the process of "from" and "from". Part 6th analyzes the causes of errors from the aspects of negative transfer of mother tongue, generalization of target language rules and deficiencies in teaching. From the perspective of teaching Chinese prepositions as a foreign language, the 7th part puts forward several teaching suggestions from the two aspects of teaching materials and teachers. The conclusion part summarizes the full text and points out the existing problems in this study.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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