《马太福音》的文体学分析

发布时间：2018-02-24 16:45

本文关键词： 文体学马太福音圣经　出处：《湘潭大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：文体学是连接语言学和文学欣赏的桥梁，它把文学分析与欣赏建立在语言学的基础之上，但在具体应用过程中，却又不完全为其所限制。作为基督教的宗教经典，，《圣经》对西方语言与文化有着极其深远的影响。《马太福音》是《圣经》新约部分的第一卷书，也是整个新约阐释教义的基础。本文将使用文体学提供的研究模式来分析《马太福音》，本文共分为六部分，各部分安排如下：第一部分首先对文体学的定义及主要研究方法，《圣经》新约文学的研究现状，以及《马太福音》的做了概括性介绍。第二部分主要从词汇层面探讨《马太福音》的文体特征，得出以下结论：作为以犹太人为主要读者的马太福音,作者对犹太文化背景的叙述以及考虑也分外详尽，犹太文化中特有的词汇使用更能够引起犹太读者的共鸣和认同，更利于新教义的传播。第三部分则主要从时态的角度分析《马太福音》，通过分析得知：作为具有历史书籍和宗教经典双重身份的马太福音绝大部分记述运用的是记录历史常用的简单过去时，而其中也因为一些描写的需要穿插了未完成过去时。上帝对于未来天国的应许及将来世界末日的审判是贯穿整部福音书的重要线索，所以简单将来时也在整部书中起着举足轻重的作用。第四部分从句式来剖析《马太福音》，可以发现书中最常使用的就是能够最佳体现语言使动功能的命令式，其次简单句在福音书出现的次数也颇为频繁，因为简单句虽然结构简单，但意义表示明确，简洁有力，能够尽量地避免歧义的产生。从而最大程度地使得阅读圣经的信徒们能够在教义上统一。此外，书中还出现了省略句、倒装句等句式，都是为了更好的体现基督教教义中的永恒、智慧、慈爱等观念。第五部分主要集中与《马太福音》中修辞的研究，通过研究我们可以看出修辞手段也是犹太人宗教文化传统中的重要表达形式，有时借以陈述信仰诫命，有时也借以解说立身形式或日常行为的规则。第六部分则是从词汇照应的角度阐述了全书的一致性。最后，总结本文所研究的内容及结果，指明本文研究的局限性，相关及未来可能的研究发展方向。
[Abstract]:Stylistics is a bridge between linguistics and literary appreciation. It establishes literary analysis and appreciation on the basis of linguistics, but in the process of its application, it is not entirely limited by it. As a religious scripture of Christianity, the Bible has a profound influence on Western languages and cultures. Matthew is the first volume of the New Testament. It is also the basis of the interpretation of the whole New Testament. This paper uses the research model provided by stylistics to analyze the Gospel of Matthew, which is divided into six parts, each of which is arranged as follows:. The first part introduces the definition and main research methods of stylistics, the present situation of the New Testament literature in the Bible, and the Gospel of Matthew. The second part mainly discusses the stylistic features of Matthew from the lexical level, and draws the following conclusions: as the main reader of the Jewish Gospel of Matthew, the author's narration and consideration of the Jewish cultural background are also extraordinarily detailed. The use of specific words in Jewish culture can resonate and identify with Jewish readers and facilitate the spread of new doctrines. The third part mainly analyzes Matthew from the point of view of tense. Through the analysis, we can see that as a double identity of historical books and religious scriptures, the Gospel of Matthew mostly records the simple past tense, which is commonly used in history. And it is also because of the need to write that the unfinished past is interspersed. God's promise to the future of heaven and the judgment of the end of the world are important clues throughout the Gospels. So simple future tense also plays an important role in the whole book. The 4th part analyzes Matthew in terms of sentence structure. It can be found that the most commonly used in the book is the imperative mode which best reflects the function of language making movement, and the second simple sentence appears frequently in Gospels. Because simple sentences, although simple in structure, have clear meanings, are simple and powerful, and can avoid ambiguity as far as possible. Thus, to the greatest extent possible, believers reading the Bible are able to unify their teachings. In addition, elliptical sentences appear in the book. Inverted sentences and other sentences are designed to better reflect the Christian doctrine of eternity, wisdom, love and other concepts. Part 5th mainly focuses on the study of rhetoric in Matthew. Through the study, we can see that rhetoric is also an important form of expression in Jewish religious cultural tradition, sometimes through which to state the commandments of faith. It is sometimes used to explain the rules of formal or everyday behavior. Part 6th explains the consistency of the book from the perspective of lexical anaphora. Finally, the paper summarizes the contents and results of this study, and points out the limitations of this study, relevant and possible future research direction.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H052

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