美国总统演讲中隐喻性手势的认知分析

发布时间：2018-02-26 17:31

本文关键词： 隐喻性手势架构总统演讲　出处：《南京师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以概念隐喻和架构理论为理论基础,以2012年美国总统大选的辩论演讲视频为语料,分析了两位候选人——奥巴马与罗姆尼在演讲辩论中所使用的隐喻性手势。从概念隐喻的角度分析了隐喻性手势的类型,从架构理论的视角分析了隐喻性手势所蕴涵的民主党与共和党不同的意识形态。通过数据收集、对比及分析,本文结论如下：一、与传统隐喻分类一样,演讲中的隐喻性手势也同样有对应的类型,比如：上／下,前／后,中心既是重要,重要既是点,以及明白即是看见。当人们谈论某些带有隐喻意义的单词与句子的同时,他们也会下意识地做出相对应的隐喻性手势。因为言语系统与身体都是由人类大脑控制的。二、尽管手势与言语系统一样与大脑相连,它们与言语表达却未必同步。隐喻性手势比语言更可信、更快,所以我们有时会在演讲中看见一些与言语不匹配的手势,然而这些不匹配的手势却能帮助我们更好地理解说话者的真实意图。三、隐喻性手势明确地体现了架构。本文主要比较了代表民主党的奥巴马以及代表共和党的罗姆尼的架构。通过数据收集和分析,本文得出以下结论：奥巴马做了许多暗含民主党“大政府”架构的手势：像控制某物那样将手弯曲,正如把某些东西握在手里一样；然而罗姆尼做了许多暗含共和党“小政府”架构的手势：比如食指指向的手势,意味着其倾向于维护个人的权利与自由。除此之外,在职者——奥巴马更倾向于做许多“向前”架构的手势：把手向前伸；挑战者——罗姆尼更倾向于做许多“改变”架构的手势,比如质疑和谴责的手势。两位候选人的演讲的隐喻性手势中各自体现了民主党推崇的“大政府”与共和党推崇的“小政府”,也体现了在任者(奥巴马)“向前”以及挑战者(罗姆尼)“改变”的架构。本文不仅促进了隐喻的研究,同时也丰富了隐喻性手势的理论。除此之外,本文可进一步推动隐喻在心理语言学与神经语言学中的应用。
[Abstract]:Based on the conceptual metaphor and the theory of architecture, this paper uses the video of the debate on the 2012 presidential election in the United States as the corpus. This paper analyzes the metaphorical gestures used by two candidates, Obama and Romney, in the speech debate, and analyzes the types of metaphorical gestures from the perspective of conceptual metaphor. This paper analyzes the different ideologies of the Democratic Party and the Republican Party implied by metaphorical gestures from the perspective of framework theory. Through data collection, comparison and analysis, this paper concludes as follows:. First, the metaphorical gestures in speech have the same corresponding types as the traditional metaphorical classification. For example, the center is both important, important and visible. When people talk about some metaphorical words and sentences, they also make corresponding metaphorical gestures subconsciously, because both the speech system and the body are controlled by the human brain. Second, although gestures are as connected to the brain as the speech system, they do not necessarily synchronize with speech expression. Metaphorical gestures are more credible and faster than language, so we sometimes see gestures that don't match words in our speeches. However, these mismatched gestures can help us to better understand the real intentions of the speaker. Thirdly, metaphorical gestures clearly reflect the structure. This paper mainly compares the structure of Obama, who represents the Democratic Party, and Romney, who represents the Republican Party, through data collection and analysis. The following conclusions are drawn: Obama has made many gestures implying a Democratic "big government" structure: bend his hands as if he were controlling something, just as he holds something in his hand; Yet Romney has made many gestures implying a Republican "small government" structure: for example, the pointing of the index finger, which means he is inclined to defend the rights and freedoms of the individual. Incumbents-Obama is more likely to make a lot of "forward" gestures: hands forward; challenger Mitt Romney is more likely to make many "change" gestures, such as questioning and denouncing. The metaphorical gestures of the two candidates' speeches reflect the Democratic "big government" and the Republican "small government", as well as the "forward" structure of the incumbent (Obama) and the challenger (Romney) "change." This paper not only promotes the study of metaphor, but also enriches the theory of metaphorical gestures. In addition, it can further promote the application of metaphor in psycholinguistics and neurolinguistics.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H026.3

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