汉语成语的语义系统及其运用研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 02:10

本文关键词： 成语语义运用逻辑形式　出处：《山西师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：成语是汉语发展长河中的一朵奇葩，它深深植根于中华民族博大精深的文化沃土之中，音律和谐，形式简洁，寓意丰富，在汉语的历史发展演变中生生不息，历久弥新。成语的研究一直是语言学界的热点话题，学者们从不同的角度，以不同的方式对这一特殊的语言单位进行理论与实践的探索。目前有关成语的研究有很多，研究角度和范围也十分广泛，但是，，大多数研究只是针对成语的某个方面，缺乏系统化的研究；能够将成语的相关理论与实际用例相结合的研究也相对薄弱。此外，目前学界将逻辑学的理论引入成语研究方面的成果还不多见。针对以上问题，文章除引言和结语外，分三个部分对成语进行系统探讨。论文第二章以《新华成语词典》中的8382条成语为语料，按照不同的意义类型对成语分类，并做数据统计，建立相对完整的成语语义系统。同时，在以单义与多义、同义与反义等的对比方式进行探讨时，结合了2009年至2013年高考语文试题的实例进行分析，力图做到有理、有例。论文第三章，探讨成语运用中出现的语义问题:第一小节举例分析造成“异形成语”和“异读成语”现象的语义问题；第二小节对历年高考试题中的成语误用实例进行分类、归纳，并总结了几种常见的成语误用现象，在此基础之上，着重结合第二章所建立的语义系统，按照成语的不同意义类型，辨析成语运用中的语义问题。论文第四章在根据成语内部的结构及其语义关系对成语进行分类的基础之上引入逻辑学的相关理论，将成语的语义与逻辑的思维形式相互关联，探究逻辑思维形式在成语中的体现，以期对成语语义的理解和成语的正确运用有所裨益。本文试图通过对汉语成语的语义系统进行较为全面、细致地梳理，通过对常见成语误用现象的归纳总结，为完善成语的语义系统和规范成语的运用起到一定的作用。
[Abstract]:Idiom is a wonderful flower in the development of Chinese language. It is deeply rooted in the rich and profound cultural fertile soil of the Chinese nation. The study of idioms has always been a hot topic in the field of linguistics. Scholars have explored this special language unit theoretically and practically from different angles and in different ways. At present, there are a lot of studies on idioms. However, most of the studies focus on only one aspect of idioms, lack of systematic research, and the research that can combine the theory of idioms with practical use cases is relatively weak. At present, there are few achievements in introducing logic theory into idiom research. In order to solve the above problems, the thesis divides three parts into three parts to discuss the idioms. In the second chapter, 8382 idioms in the Xinhua idiom Dictionary are taken as the corpus, and the idioms are classified according to different meaning types. At the same time, when discussing the comparative ways of mononymy and polysemy, synonymy and antonym, and combining with the examples of the college entrance examination questions from 2009 to 2013, this paper analyzes the semantic system of idioms. The third chapter discusses the semantic problems in the application of idioms: the first section gives examples to analyze the semantic problems of the phenomenon of "abnormal idioms" and "dyslexic idioms"; In the second section, the author classifies and summarizes the examples of the misuse of idioms in the college entrance examination questions over the years, and summarizes several common idiom misuse phenomena. On the basis of this, the semantic system established in the second chapter is emphatically combined. According to the different meaning types of idioms, this paper analyzes the semantic problems in idiom application. Chapter 4th introduces the theory of logic on the basis of classifying idioms according to their internal structure and semantic relations. The semantics of idioms and the form of logical thinking are related to each other, and the embodiment of the form of logical thinking in idioms is explored. In order to understand the semantics of idioms and use idioms correctly, this paper attempts to summarize the common idioms' misuse through a more comprehensive and detailed analysis of the semantic system of Chinese idioms. In order to improve the semantic system of idioms and standardize the use of idioms play a certain role.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H136.3

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