现代汉语时量词研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 00:12

本文选题：时量词　切入点：界定　出处：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文将描写与解释结合起来，分析现代汉语中使用时量词的语言现象，着重探讨时量词的界定、分类和语义特征。文章对时量词的研究状况进行了梳理。时量词的研究还有很大的空间，定义，归属，分类，语义及表达功能都尚存分歧，可以从这些方面入手进行时量词本体研究。本文梳理出时量词定义，认为时量词作为抽象时间的计量单位，可以表示事物存在或动作后状态的时间的量，也可以表示动作持续的时间的量。大部分时量词的词义本身就具有很强的时间意义，和数词组合后，不需要再借助其他词就可以独立表示时间；小部分时量词的时间意义很弱，和数词组合后，需要借助其他词来计量时间，一般需组合时间词或动词表示。时量词在量词中的归属，既不是物量词的一种，也不是动量词的一种，，它应该自成一类。时量词的语法和词汇意义和物量动量有较明显的区别。自成一类的时量词，又能分出下级次类。按原型范畴总结出典型性成员；按表示时间意义的强弱分为强时量词、中性时量词和弱时量词；按表时间义的固定不固定分为固定时量词、常定时量词、约定时量词和不定时量词。这些都对我们进一步研究时量词的组合很大帮助。因为时量词是一种粘着词，它不能单独使用，必须组合其他词一起搭配使用。本文对时量词组合的表达功能进行探索，认为时量词具有位序语义特征，它的组合能够表达主观估计时间意义以及时间流逝的意义。
[Abstract]:By combining description with explanation, this paper analyzes the linguistic phenomena of time-classifiers in modern Chinese, focusing on the definition, classification and semantic features of time-classifiers. There is still a lot of space in the research of time quantifiers. There are still differences in definition, attribution, classification, semantics and expressive functions, so we can start with these aspects to study the ontology of time quantifiers. This paper combs out the definition of time quantifier, and holds that time quantifier, as an abstract unit of time, can represent the amount of time of existence or post-action state of things. Most of the time quantifiers themselves have a strong sense of time, and when combined with numerals, they can express time independently without the help of other words; a small part of the quantifier has a very weak sense of time. After combining with numerals, we need to use other words to measure time, usually by combining time words or verbs. The attribution of time quantifiers in quantifiers is neither a kind of object quantifiers nor a kind of momentum words. It should be a kind of its own. The grammatical and lexical meanings and transitive momentum of time classifiers are obviously different. According to the prototype category, the typical members can be classified into strong time classifier, neutral time classifier and weak time classifier. According to the fixed temporal meaning of fixed classifier, constant timing classifier, agreed time classifier and unfixed quantifier. These are very helpful for us to further study the combination of time quantifiers. Because time quantifiers are a kind of adhesive words, they can not be used alone, they must be combined with other words to be used together. This paper explores the expressive function of time quantifiers combination. It is considered that the temporal quantifier has the semantic feature of bit order and its combination can express the subjective estimation of time meaning and the meaning of time lapse.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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