现代汉语对象宾语一系动词研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 16:47

本文选题：对象宾语一系动词　切入点：语义　出处：《山东师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：动词一直是现代汉语语法研究的热点，各个动词次类也取得了丰硕的研究成果。作为动词“系”视角下的一个次类，对象宾语一系动词的专项、系统研究还是个空白。本文以此为研究对象，在前贤的相关研究基础之上，提出自己对对象宾语及对象宾语一系动词的界定标准，并据此对孟琮主编的《汉语动词用法词典》（1999年版）进行穷尽性考察，统计出218个对象宾语一系动词，运用定量与定性相结合、描写与解释相结合、形式和意义相结合、对比和比较等方法，对其进行比较深入细致的分类和语义、句法分析，使读者对对象宾语一系动词的本体特征有更为清晰的认识。本文主要包括以下五部分内容：第一章引言。介绍论文选题的意义；对与对象宾语有关的研究及与一系动词有关的研究现状进行梳理，指出现有研究存在的问题；最后指明研究方法和语料来源。第二章对象宾语一系动词概述。首先，考察对象宾语的相关问题，，在前贤的基础上对对象宾语做出界定，并给出形式和意义双重鉴定标准，对对象宾语和受事宾语进行区分；其次，以统计到的对象宾语一系动词的实例为蓝本，考察了对象宾语的构成和类型及其语义特征。最后对对象宾语动词进行论述，进而对对象宾语一系动词做出界定，并将《汉语动词用法词典》中统计到的218个对象宾语一系动词分类呈现出来。第三章对象宾语一系动词语义分析。从理论上界定对象宾语一系动词，对统计到的218个对象宾语一系动词按意义分为交际类、感知类和关系类三大类，每类内部又进行详细的次类划分；文章从动作性、自主性、可控性和持续性这几个角度对对象宾语一系动词的语义特征进行细致描写，展现这类动词在语义上的共性和个性。第四章对象宾语一系动词句法分析。探讨这类动词所构成的句式及扩展形式。句式方面，所有动词都能构成基本句式“NP1+V+NP2”，部分动词可以构成“NP1+与/对/对于/向+NP2+（很/进行）+V”、“对于/关于+NP2，NP1（+adv）+V”、“把”字句“NP1+把+NP2+V+（了）”、“被”字句“NP2+被+NP1+V+（了）”、兼语句“NP1+VP1+NP2+VP2”和小句宾语句“NP1+VP1+NP2+VP2(+NP3)”；扩展形式方面，对对象宾语一系动词带动态助词“着、了、过”和动量补语、时量补语、结果补语、趋向补语的情况进行系统的分析。对象宾语一系动词后附动态助词“着、了、过”的情况不尽相同，但绝大多数可带两种或两种以上的动态助词，其体范畴是比较完备的。对象宾语一系动词带数量补语、结果补语和趋向补语的能力较强，与各类补语的搭配也是比较自由的。最后结语部分对全文内容进行总结，并指出论文的不足、有待完善的地方和今后要继续研究的问题。动词的研究历史悠久、成果颇丰，并将沿着更加深入细致的方向继续发展下去，本文仅根据自己的理解，从“系”的角度切入进行初步系统的论述，进一步的深入研究还有待于日后继承成果，发现不足，向纵深挖掘。
[Abstract]:The verb is a research hotspot of modern Chinese grammar, each verb class also achieved fruitful results. As a verb "system" from the perspective of a class, a special verb object, the system research is still a blank. This paper as the research object, on the basis of previous related research, put forward to object the object and the object of the verb object definition standards, according to Meng Cong editor of the Chinese verb usage dictionary > < (1999 edition) and exhaustively, the statistics of 218 objects of a verb, the use of quantitative and qualitative combination, the combination of description and explanation, form and meaning with the method, contrast and comparison, classification and semantic, in-depth comparison of the syntactic parsing, enable the reader to a series of body characteristics of the verb object has a more clear understanding. This paper mainly includes the following five parts Content:
The first chapter is introduction. It introduces the significance of topic selection. It also sorts out the research related to object object and the research status related to the one verb, pointing out the problems existing in the research. Finally, it points out the research method and corpus source.
A series of second chapter object verb overview. Firstly, research object, the thesis defines the object of the object, and gives the form and meaning of double identification standard, to distinguish between object and object; secondly, the statistics to the Department of as the object of the verb instance is modeled the study object of composition and type and semantic features. Finally discusses the object of the verb, and a verb object definition, and a 218 object verb classification statistics to < Chinese verb usage dictionary > in the show.
The third chapter analysis of verb semantic object. The definition of a verb object in theory, a series of 218 objects of statistics according to the verb meaning is divided into communication, perception of class and relation class three categories, each category of internal and secondary category with the article to be driven, independent; and the semantic features of verbs in the following aspects: the controllability and the persistence of a series of objects for a detailed description, showing the verbs in the semantic commonness and individuality.
The fourth chapter analysis of verbs' syntactic objects. A sentence and extended form to explore these kinds of verbs. The sentence pattern, all verbs can constitute the basic sentence "NP1+V+NP2", some verbs can constitute "NP1+ and / of / for / to +NP2+ (A / +V)", "for about +NP2. NP1 (+adv) +V", "NP1+ BA +NP2+V+ (a)", "Bei" sentence "NP2+ is +NP1+V+ (a), and the statement of" NP1+VP1+NP2+VP2 "and the clausal object construction" NP1+VP1+NP2+VP2 (+NP3); extended form, to a series of objects with dynamic auxiliary verbs ",," the momentum and complement, the complement of duration, the result complement, systematic analysis of directional complement. A verb object of dynamic auxiliary ",," the situation is not the same, but most can take two or more than two kinds of dynamic auxiliary. The category is It is relatively complete. The object object with a series of verbs with a number complement, the result of complements and complement the ability is stronger, and the combination of various types of complement is also relatively free.
The final conclusion part summarizes the full text content, and points out the deficiencies of the paper, the areas to be improved and the problems to continue to be studied in the future.
The verb research has a long history, achievements, and will have a more in-depth and meticulous direction to continue, this article only according to their own understanding, from the perspective of "system" preliminary discussion of the system, further research remains to be on inherit the results, found that lack of deep mining.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H146

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