中英禁忌语对比研究及其在跨文化交际中的回避策略

发布时间：2018-03-06 16:50

本文选题：禁忌语　切入点：跨文化交际　出处：《成都理工大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从古至今，禁忌语普遍存在于每个文化之中并且成为社会发展中的一个客观事实。语言是文化的符号，人们可以从一个民族的语言中归纳出其背后蕴含的风俗文化。作为语言的一个重要组成部分，禁忌语当然也反映着各民族不同的文化背景、历史、风俗习惯以及价值观。由于东西方的文化模式均存在着共性和个性，相应地，反映这些文化模式的禁忌语也存在着相似与相异。更好地了解中英禁忌语的异同不仅有利于我们对中英文化的掌握并且是成功有效地实现跨文化交际的一个必不可少的因素。本文以对比的方式分析了中英禁忌语的异同和跨文化交际中的回避策略。本文总共包括了六个部分：首先，在引言中笔者探讨了本文的写作动机和文章结构以便让读者对全文有大致的了解。在接下来的第一章中，笔者除了提出关于国内外对禁忌语的研究外，还阐述了一些语用学理论，比如：合作原则，礼貌原则，面子理论等，以及跨文化交际的概念和重要性。在第一章的最后，笔者讨论了中英文化，禁忌语和跨文化交际的关系。可以说第一章的内容是下文对中英禁忌语异同分析的理论基础。笔者在第二章的开头展示了禁忌语的一些概况，其中包括了禁忌语的定义、起源、特征以及作用。第二章接下来的部分，也就是本文的核心内容，从宗教、隐私、性、名字、称谓等方面分析了中英禁忌语的异同以及它们的文化起因。在第三章中，笔者分别阐述了五种在跨文化交际中普遍用于回避禁忌语的策略，它们是：委婉语的利用，肢体语言的利用，善意的谎言，提问法以及从全球性的，文化的角度思考问题。这些策略对于我们在跨文化交际中避免一些不必要的误会、冲突和尴尬非常有用。在第四章中，从跨文化交际和外语教学的角度总结了学习禁忌语的启示。笔者在文章的最后一部分中，即结论，，提到禁忌语对于丰富人类语言表达方式具有很大的贡献，但是人们总是把它看作“语言垃圾”而试图回避它。人们对于禁忌语的反应和运用禁忌语的目的在一定程度上说明了语言不仅是一个沟通的媒介也是一个有力的交流工具。所以，禁忌语对外语教学和跨文化交际有着很大的影响。总而言之，禁忌语作为一种特殊的语言现象是文化的重要组成部分。基于前人对于禁忌语的研究成果，本论文以对比的方式对中英禁忌语进行了相对系统的阐述，其目的在于一方面帮助人们在跨文化交际中能够更加有效、成功地进行交流，避免冲突和误会；另一方面希望能够对提高外语教学质量提供启发。
[Abstract]:From ancient times to the present, taboo words have existed in every culture and become an objective fact in the development of society. Language is the symbol of culture. As an important part of the language, taboos certainly reflect the different cultural backgrounds and history of different nationalities. Customs and values. Due to the common and unique cultural patterns between the East and the West, A better understanding of the similarities and differences between Chinese and English taboo words is not only conducive to our mastery of Chinese and English culture, but also an essential factor for the successful and effective realization of cross-cultural communication. This paper makes a contrastive analysis of the similarities and differences between Chinese and English taboo words and the avoidance strategies in cross-cultural communication. The thesis consists of six parts: first of all, In the introduction, the author discusses the motivation and structure of the thesis so as to give readers a general understanding of the whole text. In the following chapter, the author puts forward the research on taboo words at home and abroad. At the end of the first chapter, the author discusses Chinese and English culture, including cooperation principle, politeness principle, face theory, and the concept and importance of cross-cultural communication. It can be said that the first chapter is the theoretical basis of the following analysis of the similarities and differences between Chinese and English taboos. At the beginning of the second chapter, the author shows some general situation of taboo words, including the definition and origin of taboo words. The following part of the second chapter, which is the core content of this paper, analyzes the similarities and differences between Chinese and English taboo words and their cultural causes from the aspects of religion, privacy, sex, name, appellation and so on. The author expounds five strategies for avoiding taboos in cross-cultural communication: the use of euphemism, the use of body language, the use of white lies, the questioning method and the global approach. Cultural thinking. These strategies are very useful for us to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding, conflict and embarrassment in cross-cultural communication. In Chapter 4th, From the perspective of intercultural communication and foreign language teaching, the author summarizes the implications of learning taboo language. In the last part of the article, the author concludes that taboo language has a great contribution to enriching human language expression. But people always regard it as "language garbage" and try to avoid it. People's reaction to taboo words and the purpose of using taboo words to some extent show that language is not only a medium of communication, but also a powerful one. Communication tools. So, Taboo language has great influence on foreign language teaching and cross-cultural communication. In a word, taboo, as a special linguistic phenomenon, is an important part of culture. Based on the previous researches on taboo, this thesis makes a comparative study of Chinese and English taboos. On the one hand, it aims at helping people to communicate more effectively and successfully in cross-cultural communication to avoid conflicts and misunderstandings; on the other hand, it hopes to provide inspiration for improving the quality of foreign language teaching.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H313;H13

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