俄罗斯学生习得汉语双字调的实验分析与教学对策

发布时间：2018-03-17 04:33

本文选题：俄罗斯学生　切入点：汉语双字调　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国和俄罗斯长期睦邻友好，两国战略合作关系不断深入，促进了两国更多的经济往来与合作，俄罗斯人学习汉语也越来越多。由于汉语是声调语言，与其母语俄语的非声调语言有很大区别，所以，他们在学习汉语声调的过程中，对汉语声调变化的学习感到困难。因此，本论文尝试运用实验语音学的研究方法，以汉语水平达到中高级程度的俄罗斯留学生为研究对象，在其中抽取四名学生的发音样本进行实验分析。采用语音软件——南开大学桌上语音工作室，Mini-Speech-Lab（专业版），对其汉语双字组声调的声调格局进行描写；并以前人研究成果作为基础，结合第二语言习得理论分析偏误产生的原因，以及针对偏误提出具体的教学策略。论文分为六个部分，第一章绪论，介绍论文写作的目的和意义，提出研究的问题、方法和介绍全文布局。第二章文献综述，就目前对俄罗斯学生汉语声调研究中得出的主要成果和存在的不足加以概述。第三章运用石锋先生的声调格局理论及实验手段，对本实验的设计和操作过程加以说明。第四章是根据上一章的实验方法，对俄罗斯留学生汉语双字调的实验进行分析并考察偏误情况。第五章结合第二语言习得理论，对汉语双字调偏误产生的原因以及教学对策进行探讨。第六章得出结论，包括论文实验的结论、创新和不足之处。本文的结论：中高级汉语水平的俄罗斯留学生对汉语双字调发音的掌握仍有不足。俄罗斯学生汉语双字组声调的偏误表现是：在各声调组合中阴平的调型基本是水平状态，调域偏低。阳平与各声调组合，调型与汉语普通话上声的调型相似，存在偏误，但幅度没有普通话上声的幅度大，这说明，俄罗斯留学生双字调的发音中，阳平与上声容易相混。上声位于双字组声调的前音节时，声调没有变化，前字上声还是曲折调型，这说明俄罗斯学生在双字组发音中没有充分意识到上声变调，语音意识来不及做出反应。但是他们对于原调的调值也把握不好，起点和终点的调值都偏高；而上声在位于双字组的后音节时，调型最符合普通话的调型特征。去声在各双字组声调的组合中，不论是在双字组声调的前音节还是在后音节，发音情况都最好，调型与普通话去声调型基本一致，但调域偏窄，有的去声终点偏高，降幅不够。
[Abstract]:China and Russia have long been good-neighborly and friendly, and the strategic cooperative relations between the two countries have deepened, promoting more economic exchanges and cooperation between the two countries. Russians are also learning more and more Chinese. Since Chinese is a tone language, There is a great difference from the non-tone language of Russian, so they find it difficult to learn the change of Chinese tone in the process of learning Chinese tone. Therefore, this thesis tries to use the experimental phonetics research method. Taking Russian students who have reached the middle and advanced level of Chinese as the objects of study, The phonetic samples of four students were taken for experimental analysis. The phonetic software, Mini-Speech-Lab-Lab, was used to describe the tone pattern of the Chinese two-character group, and the previous research results were used as the basis. Combined with the theory of second language acquisition, this paper analyzes the causes of errors and puts forward specific teaching strategies. The thesis is divided into six parts. The first chapter is introduction, which introduces the purpose and significance of the thesis writing, puts forward the research questions, methods and the layout of the full text. This paper summarizes the main achievements and shortcomings in the study of Russian students' Chinese tone. Chapter three applies Mr. Shi Feng's tone pattern theory and experimental means. The design and operation of this experiment are explained in Chapter 4th, which is based on the experimental methods in the previous chapter. Chapter 5th is based on the theory of second language acquisition. This paper probes into the causes and teaching countermeasures of Chinese double-character tone bias. Chapter 6th draws a conclusion including the conclusion of the paper experiment innovation and deficiency. The conclusion of this paper is that the Russian students of middle and advanced Chinese level still have insufficient grasp of the Chinese double-tone pronunciation. The deviation of the Russian students' Chinese double-character group tone is that the tone type in each tone combination is basically horizontal. The tone field is low. Yangping and every tone combination, the tone type is similar to the tone type of Chinese Putonghua, there are errors, but the amplitude is not as large as the amplitude of Mandarin tone, which shows that the Russian students in the pronunciation of double-character tone, Yangping is easy to mix with the upper voice. When the upper voice is located in the front syllable of the double tone, the tone does not change, and the front tone is still zigzag, which shows that Russian students are not fully aware of the upper tone change in the pronunciation of the double character group. The phonological consciousness had no time to react. But they also had a poor grasp of the tone of the original tone, with both the starting and the ending being higher, while the voice was in the second syllable of the double-character group. The tone type is the most consistent with the tone type of Putonghua. In the combination of tones of each double-character group, whether in the former syllable or in the post-syllable, the tone type is the best, and the tone type is basically the same as the detonation type in Mandarin, but the tone field is narrow. Some sound end point is high, the decline is not enough.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195.3

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