语用推理中的缺省逻辑与常规关系

发布时间：2018-03-17 08:33

本文选题：语用推理　切入点：缺省逻辑　出处：《国际关系学院学报》2011年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：语用推理以获得对方的真实意图为目标。语用推理本质上是一种非单调逻辑推理;缺省逻辑推理是非单调逻辑推理方式中最为重要的一种。人们总是在充分理解话语之前就已进行某种缺省预设,故能在不完备的前提下进行推理并获得合理的认识。言语交际中,说话人利用常规关系的嫁接使话语尽量简约;受话人则利用常规关系的补充使信息尽量充实。语用推理是以常规关系为逻辑参数的非单调逻辑推理。语用推理是常规关系与缺省推理的互动过程。受话人要理解话语,就需要激活其缺省预设,将话语置于一个激活的、具体的常规关系中。被激活的常规关系被嫁接到句子中语义空缺的位置上,加上语境补充了相关信息,便推论出说话人的真实意图。
[Abstract]:Pragmatic reasoning is aimed at obtaining the real intention of the other party. Pragmatic reasoning is essentially a kind of non-monotone logical reasoning. Default logic is one of the most important forms of non-monotone logic reasoning. People always make some default presupposition before they fully understand the discourse. Therefore, we can infer and get a reasonable understanding on the premise of imperfection. In verbal communication, the speaker makes the discourse as simple as possible by the grafting of conventional relations; The addressee makes use of the supplement of the conventional relation to enrich the information as far as possible. Pragmatic inference is a non-monotone logical inference with the normal relation as the logical parameter. Pragmatic inference is the interactive process between the conventional relation and the default inference. It is necessary to activate its default presupposition by placing the discourse in an active, specific regular relationship. The activated regular relationship is grafted to the semantic vacancy in the sentence, and context complements the relevant information. The real intention of the speaker is inferred.
【作者单位】：中国青年政治学院外语系;
【基金】：中国青年政治学院语用推理研究资助项目,2010年专项,项目编号:1890408
【分类号】：H030

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