“谁是NP”中“谁”的语义研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 16:09

本文选题：“谁”　切入点：NP　出处：《湘潭大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：前人对“谁是NP”的研究多是把“谁是NP”与“NP是谁”联系在一起。本文首先回顾和评价了前人对“谁是NP”的研究，继而回顾了前人对“谁是NP”和与其相关的句式“NP是谁”的对比研究。本研究涉及这两个句式以及由它们变换或扩展而来的其他句式的语义属性。本研究的理论框架为指称理论(Referential Theory)和情境理论(Situation Theory)。这两者为我们的研究提供了很好的理论基础。我们发现，说话者、听话者与NP是否共现于同一现实情境中影响到对“谁是NP”中“谁”的不同回答。若只有说话者与听话者，回答侧重于NP的内涵；若只有说话者与NP（这种情况下NP的所指就在听话人之中），回答侧重于NP的所指；若三者共现，回答侧重于NP的内涵。对“NP是谁”中“谁”的回答的研究结果也基本如此。针对“谁是NP”与“NP是谁”中“谁”的回答，通常情况下，在不影响问话人的理解的意义上来讲，基本可以采用同样的内容。通过本研究我们还发现，NP的长度关系到问话人对两个句式的不同选取以及对两个句式的不同回答，当NP本身较长或NP为人称代词、指示代词与地点名词时，NP只适合用于句式“NP是谁”。这一发现同时也有助于解释为什么“NP是谁”的使用频率高于“谁是NP”。本研究的结果不仅有助于母语为汉语的学习者对“谁是NP”与“NP是谁”的理解，而且有助于对外汉语教师更清楚地给外籍学生讲解“谁是NP”与“NP是谁”的异同，，同时也有助于外国留学生消除由于英汉语之间的语序不同以及词语的用途不同产生的困扰。通过对具体例子的解读，留学生可以明白哪些NP可以用于“谁是NP”，哪些NP可以用于“NP是谁”。
[Abstract]:Previous researches on "who is NP" are mostly related to "who is NP" and "who is NP". This paper first reviews and evaluates the previous studies on "who is NP". Then it reviews the previous comparative studies on "who is NP" and its related sentence pattern "NP is who". This study deals with the semantic attributes of these two sentence patterns and other sentence patterns which are transformed or extended from them. The theoretical framework of this study is referential theory and situational theory, which provide a good theoretical basis for our research. We find that whether the speaker, hearer and NP co-exist in the same realistic situation affects the different answers to "who" in "who is NP". If only the speaker and the hearer are the only ones, the answer focuses on the connotation of NP; If only the speaker and NPs (in this case, NP's reference is among the hearers), the answer is focused on NP's reference; if all three are present, The answer focuses on the meaning of NP. The results of the research on the answer of "who" in "NP" are basically the same. For "who is NP" and "who" in "NP", usually speaking, in the sense that does not affect the understanding of interviewees, We also find that the length of NP is related to the different selection of two sentence patterns and the different answers to two sentence patterns, when NP itself is longer or NP is a personal pronoun. It is also helpful to explain why "who is NP" is used more frequently than "who is NP". The results of this study not only help native Chinese learners understand "who is NP" and "who is NP", but also help teachers of Chinese as a foreign language to explain the similarities and differences between "who is NP" and "NP who" more clearly to foreign students. At the same time, it also helps foreign students to eliminate the puzzles arising from the differences in word order and the use of words between English and Chinese. International students can understand which NP can be used for who is NP and which NP can be used for NP who.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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