动宾结构汉英机器翻译研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 20:57

  本文选题：机器翻译　切入点：动宾结构　出处：《华中师范大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文立足于汉英机器翻译动宾结构,探讨动词和不同名宾组合的重新归类,以提供机器翻译表现。翻译是一项复杂的过程,从认知角度来看,翻译首要做到是明白源语文本的意思,当中包括要从语义、句法和语用等层面去了解源语文本,此外,在翻译过程中,还要有(1)源语的知识；(2)目的语的知识；(3)对比源语和目的语等知识；(4)有关课题和一般知识；(5)源语和目的语的背境文化知识。无论何等复杂,生活在现今信息科技时代,全球变得一体化,打破语言障碍刻不容缓,故此研究机器翻译及语言学的专家学者们都不断地努力,希望有朝一日能让计算机能高效地进行多国语言自动翻译。 但时下流行的网上机器翻译系统,大都不能较好地把源语文本翻译成目的语,当中以汉英翻译为甚,问题不单是出于计算机的工程或系统的设计,最根本的问题还是汉语的语法研究不能满足机器翻译的需要。因此,我们挑选了汉语动宾结构这一项目作重点研究。 本文首要任务就是为动宾结构重新分类,不单从本身语言(语内)着手,同时也从汉英(语际)翻译角度出发,把动宾结构分类为核心语法、次核心语法、次边缘语法和边缘语法,核心语法是指那些在语际和语内类推能力和对译能力强的动宾结构,而边缘语法是指那些在语内及语际都不能类推和对译的动宾结构,而次核心和次边缘就是指那些介乎中间的动宾结构类别。第二个任务就是设计不同的词典以配合重新归类的动宾结构,并模拟机器处理各类动宾结构的汉英翻译。 论文共分八章。第一章主要概括机器翻译发展,尤其是汉英翻译存在的问题,此外,也会考察学者们对动宾结构的不同分类及存在的问题。本文主要依据乔姆斯基的转换生成语法的“核心语法”理论.Goldberg Jackendoff的构式语法理论等,区分“核心语法”和“边缘语法”,通过汉英自动翻译的检验,具体区分动宾结构核心语法规则和边缘语法规则,并且调整宾语的分类,明确动宾结构的搭配规则；尝试为汉英动宾结构翻译寻找或确立可行的规律。 第二章则尝试从普遍语法、构式语法以及语言习得等角度来区分核心和边缘语法。接着讨论边缘语法的主要类型：由特殊词语构成的边缘语法；由粘合式结构形式构成的边缘语法；由特殊转换规则构成的边缘语法。除此之外,也从语言研究、语言教学、词典编纂和信息处理等方面讨论了区分核心语法和边缘语法的重要性。 第三章主要是探讨如何区分动宾结构中的核心语法和边缘语法。 第四章是对三种网上翻译系统的动宾汉英翻译测试,从中了解存在的问题。 第五章和第六章分别讨论一般动宾结构和特殊动宾结构汉英翻译处理方法。例如在处理为属边缘语法的动宾式惯用语建立词典,穷尽收纳每个动词的义项并收纳于汉语动词义类词典；为汉英动宾结构翻译建立规则并置于规则库内,以便提取等。 第七章是一个模拟测试,模拟实机器翻译系统处理不同类别的动宾结构并翻译成英语的过程。 第八章是总结整项研究及检讨当中不足之处,以便日后继续研究改善。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the Machine Translation English verb object structure, verb and noun object of different combinations of re classified, in order to provide the performance of Machine Translation. Translation is a complex process, from the cognitive perspective, translation is to understand the source text do primary meaning, including from semantic, syntactic and pragmatic levels to understand the source language in addition, the text in the translation process, and (1) the source language knowledge; (2) the target language knowledge; (3) between the source language and the target language knowledge; (4) the relevant topics and general knowledge; (5) the cultural background knowledge of the source language and the target language. No matter how life is complicated, in today's information era of science and technology, the world becomes integration, break the language barrier to experts and scholars so Machine Translation research and linguistics are constantly work hard, hope some day in the future that allows a computer efficient multi language automatic translation.
But the popular online Machine Translation system, most can not put the source language into the target language translation to Chinese English translation, so that the problem is not merely for the design of computer engineering or systems, the most fundamental problem is the Chinese grammar research can not meet the needs of Machine Translation. Therefore, we choose this project Chinese vostructure as the focus of research.
In this paper, the primary task is to vostructure re classification, not only from the language itself (Language) to proceed, but also from the perspective of Chinese English translation (interlanguage), the verb object structure classification is the core of core grammar, grammar, syntax and grammar of edge edge, core grammar refers to the language ability in Interlanguage and analogy the translation ability of the object structure and dynamic, and marginal grammar refers to those in language and Interlanguage can analogy translation object structure and dynamic, and the core and edge refers to those between vostructure categories. The second task is to design different dictionaries with verb object structure reclassified, and deal with all kinds of dynamic simulation machine translation object structure.
This paper is divided into eight chapters. The first chapter mainly summarizes the development of Machine Translation, especially Chinese English translation problems, in addition, will also examine the scholars of different classification of object structure and existing problems. This paper is mainly based on Chomsky's generative grammar "core grammar" theory of.Goldberg Jackendoff's Construction Grammar theory. The distinction between "core grammar" and "marginal grammar", through the test of automatic translation, the distinction between the verb object structure core grammar rules and edge grammar rules, classification and adjustment object, clear the verb object structure of match rules; try for Chinese English verb object structure to find or establish feasible translation rules.
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本文编号：1645514