中美情景喜剧中禁忌语的跨文化对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 19:18

本文选题：禁忌语　切入点：情景喜剧　出处：《曲阜师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球化的发展，国际交流日益频繁。它促进了沟通和发展，同时也来了一些问题甚至是冲突。这就要求我们对不同文化的异同进行分析和研究，发现并且解决问题，以实现不同文化之间交流的顺利进展。禁忌语，作为语言和文化的重要组成部分，是普遍存在于人类社会的语言现象。然而，在不同的文化中，人们所禁忌事物乃至对于同一事物的禁忌程度都有所不同。因此，如果缺乏对目标文化的禁忌语的了解和掌握，就容易导致交际的失败甚至会带来更加严重的后果。对于禁忌语，国外研究取得了大量的成果。由于封疆思想根深蒂固，国内对禁忌语的研究起步较晚。到20世纪80年代，我国语言学者对禁忌语的研究兴趣浓厚。但是，我国对禁忌语的研究还不够完善。比如，我国将禁忌语与语境理论相结合起来的研究成果非常少见。在英汉禁忌语对比研究方面，我国语言学者对英汉禁忌语的相似性或区别进行的定性研究居多，而定量研究很少，出现了陈旧语料反复使用现象的出现。其中定量研究只涉及到问卷调查。因此，本研究将以此为出发点，从中美情景喜剧这一极具文化特色的语料中进行中美禁忌语的跨文化对比研究，试图对汉语中的禁忌语以及英语中的禁忌语分别做以介绍并进行基于不同文化的对比研究。研究发现，英汉禁忌语在三大方面即凶祸性语言、亵渎性语言以及宗教迷信语言方面有所异同。具体说来包括与性相关、与身体部位相关、与动物相关、与排泄相关等方面的禁忌语言。英汉情景喜剧中的禁忌语在各方面均有共性，但也有所不同。对于两者之间的差异性，我们在跨文化交际中更应多家注意：汉语中关于性的禁忌要胜于英语禁忌语；英语中的宗教禁忌在汉语中则更多的体现为封建迷信的禁忌;汉语中有严格的姓名和称谓禁忌，等等。人们对于禁忌语通常采取“回避”态度，以避免冒犯他人。但是，事实上，，禁忌语普遍存在于不同文化的日常生活中，很多时候是无法避免的，因此，本文基于对禁忌语语用功能的研究，还将提出人们对于禁忌语英语的态度和一些有效的回避策略。希望本文对跨文化交际的顺利进展和外语教学都有帮助。并使读着在不同文化之间交际中能够求同存异，有效顺利沟通。
[Abstract]:With the development of globalization, international communication is becoming more and more frequent. It promotes communication and development. At the same time, there are some problems and even conflicts. This requires us to analyze and study the similarities and differences of different cultures, to find and solve problems. Taboo language, as an important part of language and culture, is a universal linguistic phenomenon in human society. However, in different cultures, Therefore, the lack of understanding and mastery of the taboo language of the target culture will lead to the failure of communication and even more serious consequences. For taboo language, foreign research has made a lot of achievements. Due to the deep-rooted thought of Feng Jiang, the study of taboo language started late in China. By the 1980s, Chinese linguists had a strong interest in taboo language. However, there was a great deal of interest in the study of taboo language in China. The study of taboo words in China is not perfect. For example, the research results of combining taboo words with context theory in China are very rare. In the aspect of contrastive study of contraband between English and Chinese, Chinese linguists do more qualitative research on the similarities or differences between English and Chinese taboo words, but there are few quantitative studies on the similarities and differences between English and Chinese taboo words. This study will take this as a starting point to carry out a cross-cultural contrastive study of Chinese and American taboo words from the Chinese and American sitcom, which is a highly cultural corpus. This paper attempts to introduce the taboo words in Chinese and English respectively and make a comparative study based on different cultures. The study found that English and Chinese taboo words have some similarities and differences in three major aspects, namely, malicious language, blasphemous language and religious superstitious language. Specifically, they are related to sex, body parts and animals. Taboo language related to excretion. Taboo words in English and Chinese sitcoms are common in all aspects, but also different. In cross-cultural communication, we should pay more attention to: the taboo on sex in Chinese is better than the taboo in English; the religious taboo in English is more embodied in the taboo of feudal superstition in Chinese; there are strict taboos in names and appellations in Chinese. Wait. People usually take an "evasive" attitude towards taboo words to avoid offending others. But in fact, taboos are prevalent in everyday life in different cultures and are often unavoidable. This paper is based on the study of pragmatic functions of taboo words. It will also put forward people's attitude towards taboo English and some effective avoidance strategies. I hope this paper will be helpful to the smooth development of cross-cultural communication and foreign language teaching, and will enable reading to seek common ground while reserving differences in intercultural communication. Effective and smooth communication.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H0-05

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