“还”和“Still”的语用分析及相关语音问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 21:01

本文选题：还　切入点：still　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：以往的副词研究大多囿于句法或语义框架，往往忽视副词的语用功能。近年来国内外越来越多的学者认识到副词的意义和用法与语用因素密切相关，但具体如何进行副词语用功能的研究仍未有定论，有关英汉副词语用功能对比的研究则更为鲜见了。鉴于此，本文以汉语副词“还”和相应的英语副词“still”为例，结合实验语音学手段，对英汉语中语义相似的副词进行探索性的语用对比分析。语用分析离不开语用前提，“还”和“still”所在小句有的依赖于语用前提，有的则较独立，这是句子自立性的表现。经分析和测试表明，“还”和“still”所在小句若自立性较强则发生歧义的可能性较小，反之亦然；随着二者主观性的加强，其语音会由重读转为轻读。基于此，本文首先根据“还”和“still”所在小句自立性的表现将“还”和“still”的常用含义分为强自立性、中自立性和弱自立性三大类；其次分别对这三大类中“还”和“still”的各含义进行了语义指向分析及其语音实验；最后就二者的主观性进行了相关语音实验的验证。结果发现：一、“还”的语用意义比“still”更加丰富，当二者意义相似时可互换；即使“还”的含义由于语用前提发生变化，，只要“still”有相似的意义，二者也可互换。二、当语用前提引起“还”的意义变化，而“still”没有相似意义时，二者不可互换。即使“还”的意义未发生语义变化，但“still”无相似意义，二者也不可互换。三、“还”和“still”的主观性表现比想象中复杂。之前学者认为“还”若具有主观性，语音上往往是轻读的。本文发现这种现象确实存在，但在特定情况下，“还”和“still”重读时同样也可以表达其主观性；并且“还”和“still”句中的主要焦点也是其主观性表现之一。本研究具有一定的理论意义和实践意义。在理论上深化了语义指向分析法，证实了语用前提的重要性，并结合实验语音学的手段，尝试性地探索副词语用功能的研究途径，尤其是英汉语中对应副词具体使用的对比方法，这种尝试有助于进一步深化对副词用法和功能的理解和认知。在实践中，结合语音实验的语用对比分析为英汉互译、对外汉语教学、机器翻译、以及语音识别中有关“还”和“still”的语句处理提供了有价值的参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more scholars at home and abroad have realized that the meaning and usage of adverbs are closely related to pragmatic factors. But how to study the pragmatic function of adverbs is still unclear, and the comparison of pragmatic functions between English and Chinese adverbs is more rare. In view of this, this paper takes the Chinese adverb "Huanghuan" and the corresponding English adverb "still" as examples. Combined with experimental phonetics, this paper makes an exploratory pragmatic contrastive analysis of semantic similar adverbs in English and Chinese. Pragmatic analysis can not be separated from pragmatic premise. Some clauses of "return" and "still" depend on pragmatic premise, while others are independent. This is a manifestation of sentence independence. Analysis and tests show that the clauses in which "return" and "still" are more self-reliant are less likely to be ambiguous, and vice versa; as the subjectivity between them increases, Based on this, according to the expression of "Hui" and "still" in the clause, the commonly used meanings of "return" and "still" can be divided into three categories: strong independence, middle independence and weak independence. Secondly, the semantic orientation analysis and phonological experiments of the meanings of "Huanghuan" and "still" in these three categories are carried out, and the relevant phonetic experiments on their subjectivity are carried out. The results show that:. First, the pragmatic meaning of "return" is more abundant than that of "still", which can be exchanged when the meaning of "return" is similar; even if the meaning of "return" is changed because of the pragmatic premise, they can also be exchanged as long as "still" has similar meaning. Second, when the pragmatic premise causes the meaning of "return" to change, and "still" has no similar meaning, the two cannot be interchangeable. Even if the meaning of "still" does not change semantically, the meaning of "still" has no similar meaning, so the two cannot be interchangeable. Thirdly, the subjective expression of "return" and "still" is more complicated than imagined. Previous scholars thought that if "return" is subjective, it is often light reading in pronunciation. This paper finds that this phenomenon does exist. But under certain circumstances, the reinterpretation of "return" and "still" can also express its subjectivity, and the main focus of "return" and "still" is also one of its subjective manifestations. This study has some theoretical and practical significance. It deepens the semantic direction analysis in theory, confirms the importance of pragmatic premise, and tries to explore the approach to study the pragmatic function of adverbs in combination with the means of experimental phonetics. In particular, the contrastive method of using corresponding adverbs in English and Chinese is helpful to deepen the understanding and cognition of the usage and function of adverbs. In practice, the pragmatic contrastive analysis of phonetic experiments is used to translate them into English and Chinese. Chinese as a foreign language teaching, machine translation, and speech recognition about "also" and "still" sentence processing provides valuable reference.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H314;H146

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