上海话类复数标记“拉”及吴方言类复数标记研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 17:21

本文选题：上海话　切入点：“拉”　出处：《上海师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：汉语方言中的复数形式纷繁复杂，但具有一定的系统性。首先，本文从上海话中的“拉”入手，分析了其句法功能，说明了“拉”的语义特征。我们将以“拉”为代表的复数词尾定义为类复数标记，区别于其他语言中典型的复数标记。“拉”的发展经历了一系列的变化，从语音及本字上进行追根溯源，最后将“拉”的来源设定为表处所义的“里”。之后，讨论的范围扩大至吴方言区。经过对吴方言区中太湖片区的30种次方言进行整理分类，从语音、地理、构成等角度得到了一些大致的规律。究其形成原因，我们认为是语音及一组本字的共同影响。在吴方言类复数标记来源确定之后，本文通过类型学的角度展开对比，对学界中观点众多，但还未有定论的“们”的来源进行解释。综合之前在吴方言中得到的“家、里、都”这一组本词，我们更倾向于将“门”作为“们”的主要来源。形成了复数义的“们”与吴方言类复数标记在已有的虚化程度上继续发展，在一些语境中重现了群集义；在另一些情况下，发展出了持续义及领属义等。最后，尝试使用认知语言学的观点来分析类复数标记这个问题。我们发现，可以将这一系列的虚化过程定义为一种转喻。通过部分与整体、容器与内容的框架，“门”与复数意义产生了函数关联，，并且因前者的高显著性，使转喻能够正常进行。
[Abstract]:And the plural forms of Chinese dialects are complex, but with a certain system. First of all, this article from the Shanghai word "pull" to start, analysis of its syntactic function, the semantic features of "pull". We will define the plural ending to "pull" as a representative of the class of plural mark, differences in the plural. Typical markers in other languages. "Pull" has experienced a series of changes, the authors from the voice and the words, the source of the "pull" set to form the locative "in". After the discussion, to expand the scope of the Wu dialect area. After the 30 dialect classification in Taihu, the Wu dialect area from the geographical perspective, a voice, get some general rules. Studying the causes, we think it is the common effect of speech and a group of this word. After determining the Wu dialect class of plural markers through the source The typological perspective comparison of academic view spots, but the source is inconclusive "men" are explained. In the comprehensive before Wu dialect in "home," this group of this word, we tend to "gate" as the main source of "men". The formation of the complex meaning of "men" and the Wu dialect class of plural markers continue to develop in the virtual degree on the existing in some contexts to reproduce the meaning of a cluster; in other cases, the development of a continuous meaning and possessive meaning. Finally, try to use cognitive linguistics to analyze the complex number marker the problem. We found that delexicalization can be defined in this series as ametonymy. Through the part and the whole framework, container and the content of the "gate" and the plural meaning and function, because of the high significance of the former, the metonymy can proceed normally.

【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H17

【引证文献】